Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001849">
                <pb pagenum="398" xlink:href="016/01/047.jpg"/>
              præſertim cum videamus peſtem quæ ephip­
                <lb/>
              piis aut tabulæ hæſerit, hominem occidere,
                <lb/>
              qui alteri eorum inſederit. </s>
              <s id="s.001850">Quædam igitur
                <lb/>
              vmbra ſola, vt oleander & taxus: quædam
                <lb/>
              venenum extinctum olim ſuſcitant, vt virgę
                <lb/>
              corni, aut ſanguinariæ, quæ cùm in manu ca­
                <lb/>
              leſcunt, rabiem in morſis à cane
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              liberatis
                <lb/>
              periculo reuocant. </s>
              <s id="s.001851">Sanguinariæ
                <expan abbr="quoq;">quoque</expan>
              virgis
                <lb/>
              cæſi, tum etiam iumenta, magno incommodo
                <lb/>
              affici creduntur. </s>
              <s id="s.001852">Feruntur & ſerpentes
                <expan abbr="quidã">quidam</expan>
                <lb/>
              occidere, etiam medio contactu haſtæ, vt
                <lb/>
              Matthiolus refert. </s>
              <s id="s.001853">Alius cum ſuxiſſet vulnus
                <lb/>
              à ſerpente diuiſo illatum, ſtatim expirauit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001854">Alij odore ſolo intereunt, vt qui Senis pu­
                <lb/>
              plicè à riuali odore ſolo oblato occidit. </s>
              <s id="s.001855">Mira
                <lb/>
              hæc videntur potius quam ſint, ſeu ad huma­
                <lb/>
              nam quis reſpiciat imbecillitatem, ſeu ad in­
                <lb/>
              genij malefici induſtriam, ſeu ad rerum ip­
                <lb/>
              ſarum vim, aut ad modi ſubtilitatem. </s>
              <s id="s.001856">Cúm­
                <lb/>
              que hoc ſit præſentis negotij propoſitum, in
                <lb/>
              tribus admirabilioribus exemplis illud nunc
                <lb/>
              explicemus. </s>
              <s id="s.001857">Occîdunt quædam (vt diximus)
                <lb/>
              deuorata ſtatim, alia ſolo contactu, alia olfa­
                <lb/>
              ctu: quid mirabilius ſit ex his, incertum eſt:
                <lb/>
              ſed audi cauſam horum, & perdiſces. </s>
              <s id="s.001858">Si ignis
                <lb/>
              ſcintilla cor introëat, nonne credis ſtatim
                <lb/>
              hominem interiturum? </s>
              <s id="s.001859">At venenum fiet acu­
                <lb/>
              tius igne, vt declarabimus,
                <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan>
              de aquis acer­
                <lb/>
              rimis ſermonem habebimus. </s>
              <s id="s.001860">Tale autem po­
                <lb/>
              tentia, dum in corpore eſt tale actu fit: occi­
                <lb/>
              dit ergo, inquam, & erit minus decima grani
                <lb/>
              triticei parte: nam ſcintilla ignis, & pondere,
                <lb/>
              & magnitudine, & ſubſtantia minor eſt eius
                <lb/>
              grani parte decima. </s>
              <s id="s.001861">En vides rem admodum
                <lb/>
              miram, quam breui euadat non obſcura, vel
                <lb/>
              dubia, quòd olfactu ſolo interimit in cerebri
                <lb/>
              penetralia vapor receptus? </s>
              <s id="s.001862">cum ſine repagulo
                <lb/>
              ſit cerebrum,
                <expan abbr="trahátq;">trahátque</expan>
              aërem vt cor, illicò ſpi­
                <lb/>
              ritum in cerebri ventriculis contentum peri­
                <lb/>
              mit
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              deſtruit. </s>
              <s id="s.001863">Neceſſe eſt autem tale ve­
                <lb/>
              nenum acutum eſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.001864">Memini me quorundam
                <lb/>
              olfactu adeò perterritum, vt pœniteret odo­
                <lb/>
              raſſe,
                <expan abbr="aberántq;">aberántque</expan>
              tamen plurimum talia à na­
                <lb/>
              tura veneni. </s>
              <s id="s.001865">Contingit hoc in omnib. </s>
              <s id="s.001866">quæ
                <lb/>
              ignis deſtillatione colliguntur, ſi iam ſpontè
                <lb/>
              calida fuerint. </s>
              <s id="s.001867">Quæ verò putrida, periculo
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
                <lb/>
              vacant. </s>
              <s id="s.001868">Oſtenſum eſt enim, quæ putrida ſint
                <lb/>
              naturæ noſtræ aduerſari: quæ verò deſtillan­
                <lb/>
              tur, participem habere vim tum ignis, tum
                <lb/>
              ſubſtantiæ, & caloris qui in re quę deſtillatur
                <lb/>
              viget. </s>
              <s id="s.001869">Quid mirum eſt igitur, hominem ſolo
                <lb/>
              olfactu repentè occidi? </s>
              <s id="s.001870">Eſt tactus etiam expe­
                <lb/>
              rimentum,
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              non tactus, ſed contactus per
                <lb/>
              haſtam,
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              hoc, vt verè fatear, difficiliùs ac
                <lb/>
              mirabiliùs. </s>
              <s id="s.001871">Sed ſi quis hæc tria ſibi proponat,
                <lb/>
              Metum in plurib. (
                <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan>
              enim omnes æquali­
                <lb/>
              ter afficiuntur
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              & vim torpedinis, quæ retis
                <lb/>
              medio hominis manum etiam ſtupefacit, &
                <lb/>
              ſpiritum qui ex ore ſerpentis exhalat, cum in
                <lb/>
              peſte hoc ſolo cernamus multos interire:
                <expan abbr="col-ligátq;">col­
                  <lb/>
                ligátque</expan>
              hæc omnia ſimul: Multi ſolo ſpiritu
                <lb/>
              pernicioſo interiere, multi ſolo metu, multi
                <lb/>
              contactu retis manuum ſtuporem ſenſerunt:
                <lb/>
              vulnerato ſerpente, & metum, &
                <expan abbr="ſpiritũ">ſpiritum</expan>
              exi­
                <lb/>
              tialem, & contactum, mortem
                <expan abbr="repentinã">repentinam</expan>
              af­
                <lb/>
              ferre quid mirum? </s>
              <s id="s.001872">quod tamen tam
                <expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan>
              eſt,
                <lb/>
              quam adeò
                <expan abbr="rarũ">rarum</expan>
              . </s>
              <s id="s.001873">Ergo quæ natura
                <expan abbr="ſpõtè">ſpontè</expan>
              fert,
                <lb/>
              ars in malis fingendis ſolertior
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              fœlicior
                <lb/>
              perficere poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001874">Sed dices: Cur igitur pauci
                <lb/>
              ſic pereunt, non paucæ ſunt cauſæ. </s>
              <s id="s.001875">Primum
                <lb/>
              pauci hoc nolunt: Principes enim odio
                <expan abbr="habẽt">habent</expan>
                <lb/>
              ea, quib. </s>
              <s id="s.001876">& alij in ipſos vti poſſent. </s>
              <s id="s.001877">Pauciores
                <lb/>
              etiam ſunt, qui ſciant hæc: nec
                <expan abbr="ſapiẽtes">ſapientes</expan>
              peſſi­
                <lb/>
              mo
                <expan abbr="exẽplo">exemplo</expan>
              vti volunt, nec imperiti
                <expan abbr="ſufficiũt">ſufficiunt</expan>
              .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001878">Adde, quòd tam violentam belluam quis ſa­
                <lb/>
              nus libenter tractet? </s>
              <s id="s.001879">Ea
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              nocere
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              poſ­
                <lb/>
              ſunt, niſi copiosè
                <expan abbr="adminiſtrẽtur">adminiſtrentur</expan>
              ,
                <expan abbr="omniáq;">omniáque</expan>
              hę­
                <lb/>
              reant: at aduerſus hæc
                <expan abbr="Principũ">Principum</expan>
              cautio maxi­
                <lb/>
              ma eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001880">Imminet
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              periculum adeò ingens
                <lb/>
              proditoribus ſi pateat non ſolùm ab his in
                <lb/>
              quos moliuntur, ſed & ab his propter quos,
                <lb/>
              ne poſt ſcelus pactum ſceleris habeant
                <expan abbr="teſtẽ">teſtem</expan>
              .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001881">
                <expan abbr="Deniq;">Denique</expan>
              qui vel natura, vel arte bene ſunt in­
                <lb/>
              ſtituti, hac ſcientia, quæ ſolùm eſt ad
                <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan>
                <lb/>
              perniciem, carere volunt. </s>
              <s id="s.001882">Ego cùm
                <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan>
                <lb/>
              curioſus fuerim omnium quæ mortali ſcire
                <lb/>
              liceret, hanc ſolam
                <expan abbr="ignorantiã">ignorantiam</expan>
              optimæ
                <expan abbr="ſciẽ-tiæ">ſcien­
                  <lb/>
                tiæ</expan>
              eſſe loco duxi: nec quæſiui vnquam, nec
                <lb/>
              ſi quis ſpontè obtuliſſet, habere voluiſſem.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001883">Quin potius ſi quid excogitandum fuerat, ad
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg194"/>
                <lb/>
              auxilia, & cautionem traduxi. </s>
              <s id="s.001884">Auxilium igi­
                <lb/>
              tur eſt, non hærere loco cuiquam, donec in­
                <lb/>
              caleſcat manus: lotio frequens partium cum
                <lb/>
              aqua tepida: olei
                <expan abbr="quoq;">quoque</expan>
              rutacei,
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              illius vul­
                <lb/>
              garis, ſed eius quod
                <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan>
              modo
                <expan abbr="factũ">factum</expan>
              ſit, quo
                <lb/>
              &
                <expan abbr="ſpicatũ">ſpicatum</expan>
              , &
                <expan abbr="garyophylatũ">garyophylatum</expan>
              apud pigmenta­
                <lb/>
              rios fieri ſolet, inunctio. </s>
              <s id="s.001885">Dixi
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              ,
                <expan abbr="ignẽ">ignem</expan>
              loco
                <lb/>
              adhibitum omne venenum extinguere: ſiqui­
                <lb/>
              dem ignis venena aliqua extinguit, alia exa­
                <lb/>
              cuit. </s>
              <s id="s.001886">Extinguit ſemper, dum loco adhibetur,
                <lb/>
              quoniam virtus eius omne humidum tollit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001887">Omne
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
              ſiccum in aliquo humido eſt: vi­
                <lb/>
              demus enim planè ſicca nullas habere vires.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001888">Sunt
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
              planè ſicca expertia naturæ miſto­
                <lb/>
              rum
                <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan>
              elementorum. </s>
              <s id="s.001889">Elementa enim om­
                <lb/>
              nia (vt dixi) humida. </s>
              <s id="s.001890">Miſtum
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
              miſcetur,
                <lb/>
              quia humidum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001891">Ignis igitur exteriùs, &
                <lb/>
              quod calidiſſimum eſt intus, omnia venena
                <lb/>
              finit. </s>
              <s id="s.001892">Sed intus calidiſſima ipſa venena ſunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001893">
                <expan abbr="Quædã">Quædam</expan>
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
              exacuit:
                <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan>
              Locuſtam opificem
                <lb/>
              veneni verberauit Nero, quòd non protinus
                <lb/>
              occidiſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.001894">Illa iterum coxit (coqui dixerunt,
                <lb/>
              quod nunc ſublimari, ſeu deſtillari.) Ignis er­
                <lb/>
              go, ſi miſceantur, vires tollit, exhalante te­
                <lb/>
              nuior humido, in quo veneni vis ſita eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001895">Sed
                <lb/>
              ſi pura deſtillentur, aut venena venenis miſ­
                <lb/>
              ceantur, exacuit venenum: velut in medica­
                <lb/>
              mentis additur aliquid quod penetret: &
                <lb/>
              cùm minuere vim debeat, auget. </s>
              <s id="s.001896">Sed ad
                <lb/>
              auxilia tranſeamus. </s>
              <s id="s.001897">Primum eſt potus the­
                <lb/>
              riacæ, quæ ſi probè confecta ſit nemo eſt,
                <lb/>
              qui neſciat quantum conferat. </s>
              <s id="s.001898">Secundum,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg195"/>
                <lb/>
              mus quem Moyſis appellant: referunt enim
                <lb/>
              veſci radice napelli, ſeu napellus ſit acco­g
                <lb/>
              nitum, ſeu aliud quippiam: at de hoc ſuo
                <lb/>
              loco dicetur. </s>
              <s id="s.001899">Quidam non indigni fide,
                <lb/>
              vidiſſe ſe referunt. </s>
              <s id="s.001900">At operæ pretium fue­
                <lb/>
              rat eos docuiſſe, quonam pacto tam paruus
                <lb/>
              cùm ſit, queat effodere terram: & quàm
                <lb/>
              mirabili affectu feratur in eum cibum in
                <lb/>
              tanta copia,
                <expan abbr="facilioréq;">facilioréque</expan>
                <expan abbr="alimẽti">alimenti</expan>
              : & cùm omnia
                <lb/>
              animalia illicò eſu acconiti pereant, mus in­
                <lb/>
              firmior cæteris, paruitate, mollitie, breuitate
                <lb/>
              vitæ, & moderatione, aſſueſcere potuerit tam
                <lb/>
              acri veneno. </s>
              <s id="s.001901">Si tamen hoc contingat,
                <expan abbr="de-mõſtratum">de­
                  <lb/>
                monſtratum</expan>
              eſt, omne quod veneno veſcitur,
                <lb/>
              eſſe alexipharmacum, ſeu illi reſiſtere: opti­
                <lb/>
              ma erit medicina pro venenis Vnum Affir­
                <lb/>
              mant deprehenſum eſſe, muſcas magnas il­
                <lb/>
              lum edere: quod ſi ita eſt, foliis, vel floribus </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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