Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="435"/>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Others reduce the ore in iron pans as next described. </s>
              <s>They lay small
                <lb/>
              pieces of dry wood alternately straight and transversely upon bricks, one and
                <lb/>
              a half feet apart, and set fire to it. </s>
              <s>Near it they put small iron pans lined
                <lb/>
              on the inside with lute, and full of broken ore; then when the wind
                <lb/>
              blows the flame of the fierce fire over the pans, the bismuth drips out of the
                <lb/>
              ore; wherefore, in order that it may run, the ore is stirred with the tongs; but
                <lb/>
              when they decide that all the bismuth is exuded, they seize the pans with
                <lb/>
              the tongs and remove them, and pour out the bismuth into empty pans, and
                <lb/>
              by turning many into one they make cakes. </s>
              <s>Others reduce the ore, when it is
                <lb/>
              not mixed with
                <emph type="italics"/>
              cadmía,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              60
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              in a furnace similar to the iron furnace. </s>
              <s>In this
                <lb/>
              case they make a pit and a crucible of crushed earth mixed with pulverised </s>
            </p>
            <figure number="239"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s>A—WOOD. B—BRICKS. C—PANS. D—FURNACE. E—CRUCIBLE. F—PIPE.
                <lb/>
              G—DIPPING-POT.
                <lb/>
              charcoal, and into it they put the broken ore, or the concentrates from
                <lb/>
              washing, from which they make more bismuth. </s>
              <s>If they put in ore,
                <lb/>
              they reduce it with charcoal and small dried wood mixed, and if concentrates,
                <lb/>
              they use charcoal only; they blow both materials with a gentle blast from </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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