Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

Table of figures

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="caption">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="523"/>
              long; its sharp edge is a palm wide; the round end is three digits thick; the
                <lb/>
              wooden handle is four feet long.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>The master throws pulverised earth into a small vessel, sprinkles water
                <lb/>
              over it, and mixes it; this he pours over the whole hearth, and sprinkles
                <lb/>
              charcoal dust over it to the thickness of a digit. </s>
              <s>If he should neglect this,
                <lb/>
              the copper, settling in the passages, would adhere to the copper bed-plates,
                <lb/>
              from which it can be chipped off only with difficulty; or else it would adhere
                <lb/>
              to the bricks, if the hearth was covered with them, and when the copper is
                <lb/>
              chipped off these they are easily broken. </s>
              <s>On the second day, at the same
                <lb/>
              time, the master arranges bricks in ten rows; in this manner twelve
                <lb/>
              passages are made. </s>
              <s>The first two rows of bricks are between the first and
                <lb/>
              the second openings on the right of the furnace; the next three rows are
                <lb/>
              between the second and third openings, the following three rows are
                <lb/>
              between the third and the fourth openings, and the last two rows between
                <lb/>
              the fourth and fifth openings. </s>
              <s>These bricks are a foot and a palm long, two
                <lb/>
              palms and a digit wide, and a palm and two digits thick; there are seven of
                <lb/>
              these thick bricks in a row, so there are seventy all together. </s>
              <s>Then on the
                <lb/>
              first three rows of bricks they lay exhausted liquation cakes and a layer five
                <lb/>
              digits thick of large charcoal; then in a similar way more exhausted
                <lb/>
              liquation cakes are laid upon the other bricks, and charcoal is thrown upon
                <lb/>
              them; in this manner seventy
                <emph type="italics"/>
              centumpondia
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of cakes are put on the
                <lb/>
              hearth of the furnace. </s>
              <s>But if half of this weight, or a little more, is to be
                <lb/>
              “dried,” then four rows of bricks will suffice. </s>
              <s>Those who dry exhausted
                <lb/>
              liquation cakes
                <emph type="sup"/>
              20
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              made from copper “bottoms” place ninety or a hundred
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              centumpondia
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              21
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              into the furnace at the same time. </s>
              <s>A place is left in the front
                <lb/>
              part of the furnace for the topmost cakes removed from the forehearth in
                <lb/>
              which copper is made, these being more suitable for supporting the exhausted
                <lb/>
              liquation cakes than are iron plates; indeed, if the former cakes drip copper
                <lb/>
              from the heat, this can be taken back with the liquation thorns to the first
                <lb/>
              furnace, but melted iron is of no use to us in these matters. </s>
              <s>When the cakes
                <lb/>
              of this kind have been placed in front of the exhausted liquation cakes, the
                <lb/>
              workman inserts the iron bar into the holes on the inside of the wall, which
                <lb/>
              are at a height of three palms and two digits above the hearth; the hole to
                <lb/>
              the left penetrates through into the wall, so that the bar may be pushed back
                <lb/>
              </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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