Buonamici, Francesco, De motu libri X

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="43"/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg409"/>
                <lb/>
              Proinde ens & ſubſtantia mobilis & quantum, quia notiſsima nobis vt ſubiecta ponuntur, & eo­
                <lb/>
              rum principia
                <expan abbr="proprietatesq́">proprietatesque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>veſtigantur. </s>
              <s>Nec vlla methodus eſt, quæ non accipiat aut vnum ex
                <lb/>
              his, aut eius aliquam partem, aut ipſorum aliquid ſeu proprium, ſeu principium. </s>
              <s>Neque verò ſic
                <lb/>
              nota eſſe oportet ea, quæ ſcientiarum ſubiecta facimus, vt ſingulæ illorum partes neceſſariò te­
                <lb/>
              neantur: neque ſic totius ſcientiæ ſubiectum conſtituitur: verùm ſat eſt, ſi cognoſcatur eſſe ſim­
                <lb/>
              pliciter, ita ſubſtantiam eſſe ſimpliciter nouimus, etiam ſi vna aut altera ſubſtantia cognoſcatur à
                <lb/>
              nobis quia demptis indiuidui conditionibus vniuerſalibus ſubſtantia remanet. </s>
              <s>Itaque ex illo
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
                <lb/>
              quòd ſi non omnia; ſaltem aliqua moueantur; motum quoque eſſe colligitur. </s>
              <s>item
                <expan abbr="aſſecurandũ">aſſecurandum</expan>
                <lb/>
              eſt de quanto, quod ſine actu cognitione partium poni poteſt, vt ſubiectum. </s>
              <s>Ea poſtmodo quæ
                <lb/>
              ignota ſunt, ſiue partes, ſeu principia, ſiue proprietates in methodo ſuis viis & ingeniis exquirun­
                <lb/>
              tur, de quibus mox agendum eſt. </s>
              <s>Et de proprietatibus non eſt dubitandum, quin ipſarum
                <expan abbr="demõ-ſtratio">demon­
                  <lb/>
                ſtratio</expan>
              ſit afferenda; quæ quidem fit vel propter quid ſolum, ſi ſenſui nota ſit, vel propter quid
                <lb/>
              & quòd fit, ſi fugiat ſenſum. </s>
              <s>cauſſas enim habent, cur inſint in ſubiecto. </s>
              <s>Partes ſanè multis mo­
                <lb/>
              dis accipiuntur in methodis. </s>
              <s>vel vt ſubiectum, ſicut animal ſubſtantiæ naturalis, vel vt pars eius
                <lb/>
              quod eſt ad vnum, velut accidens ad ens. </s>
              <s>& cęlum ad reliqua corpora ſimplicia, vel vt pars me­
                <lb/>
              thodi, quia ſcilicet in aliqua eius parte proponatur ad examinandum, velut ortus qui duobus li­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg410"/>
                <lb/>
              bris ſeparatis explicatur, licet referatur ad ſubſtantiam quæ phyſicæ totius eſt ſubiectum. </s>
              <s>huius
                <lb/>
              generis eſſe queunt ea quæ non ſunt, vt inane, lineæ in ſectiles, infinitum, & huiuſmodi. </s>
              <s>Sed quo­
                <lb/>
              modocunque pars accipiatur de illa controuerſia naſcitur inter Auerrois interpretes propter re­
                <lb/>
              pugnantiam quæ in eius philoſophi verbis deprehenditur. </s>
              <s>Nam
                <expan abbr="quandoq́">quandoque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>concedit Auerroës
                <lb/>
              pattes ſubiecti in eadem ſcientia poſſe demonſtrari. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              a
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Vnde etiam ſummus philoſophus ignem
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg411"/>
                <lb/>
              eſſe aliquando concludebat. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              b
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Tamen alibi negat in ſcientia demonſtrati poſſe ſubiectum, eiusúe
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg412"/>
                <lb/>
              partes. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              c
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Priorem ſententiam Zimara defendebat. </s>
              <s>neque ipſi videbatur abſurdum, partes ſubie­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg413"/>
                <lb/>
              cti vbi fuiſſent ignotę, cùm
                <expan abbr="habeãt">habeant</expan>
              aliquid ſeipſis notius, aut proprium, aut cauſſam, vel ex cauſſa,
                <lb/>
              vel ex effectu demonſtrari. </s>
              <s>Corroborarunt alij Zimaræ ſententiam nonnullis argumentis. </s>
              <s>In­
                <lb/>
              quiunt enim. </s>
              <s>Siquis ſit ad quem perrineat oſtendere rem eſſe, ad eundem quoque ſpectare oſten­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg414"/>
                <lb/>
              dere quid ſit. </s>
              <s>Sed ad geometram verbig. </s>
              <s>pertinet conſiderare, ſit'ne triangulus qui pars eſt, ſeu
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg415"/>
                <lb/>
              ſpecies ſubiecti. </s>
              <s>Ergo etiam ipſe docebit quid ſit. </s>
              <s>Si igitur illi ſciendum eſt, ſit'ne triangulus;
                <expan abbr="idẽ">idem</expan>
                <lb/>
              quoque ſciet quid ſit. </s>
              <s>Atqui hæc cognitio eſt à priori & ex cauſſa. </s>
              <s>Prætereà definitio poteſt eſſe
                <lb/>
              nota aliqua ex parte, quamuis definitum ſit ignotum. </s>
              <s>Ergo definitum ex definitione demonſtra­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg416"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg417"/>
                <lb/>
              bitur. </s>
              <s>& ex cauſſa igitur. </s>
              <s>Quòd item ex effectu partem ſubiecti demonſtrare liceat, Ariſtotelis au­
                <lb/>
              ctoritate confirmatur qui docet nos poſſe noſcere rem eſſe, vel per ſe, vel per accidens, ideſt quan­
                <lb/>
              do fuerint nota nobis euentu rei propoſitæ. </s>
              <s>permulta verò huiuſce progreſſus exempla ſubiicere
                <lb/>
              poſſem. </s>
              <s>vt cùm ignem eſſe probatur ex eo quòd terra ſit & eſſe mentem agentem, quia ſit pote­
                <lb/>
              ſtate mens. </s>
              <s>Sed opponam ego huic ſententiæ rationem Ariſtotelis ita concludentis. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              d
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Si demon­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg418"/>
                <lb/>
              ſtraretur eſſe ſubiectum; ergo & quid eſt ſubiectum demonſtrari poſſet. </s>
              <s>Sed quid eſt demonſtra­
                <lb/>
              tioni non eſt obnoxium. </s>
              <s>Nec quòd fit igitur. </s>
              <s>Quapropter, vt cum Ariſtotele conſentiamus &
                <lb/>
              Auerroëm purgare poſsimus; accipiemus primùm nullum eſſe genus demonſtrationis quo ſim­
                <lb/>
              pliciter aliquid eſſe probari poſsit. </s>
              <s>Et quamuis à definitione progrediamur ad definitum; nec id
                <lb/>
              etiam vel auctore Auerroë genus eſt argumentationis, ſed numeratur in admonitionibus. </s>
              <s>ſiqui­
                <lb/>
              dem in ipſa definitione rei definiendæ natura ſtatim appareat: cùm idem ſint definitio & defini­
                <lb/>
              tum, ſed in definito natura ipſius
                <expan abbr="cõfuſa">confuſa</expan>
              ſpectetur, in definitione verò diſtincta & euoluta in ſuas
                <lb/>
              partes. </s>
              <s>Ac ſiquis eſt proceſſus rationis in definitione, is eſt à parte definitionis ad partem, vt à ge­
                <lb/>
              nere ad differentias & à partibus ad totam definitionem. </s>
              <s>& ſi rectè animaduertas, eſt via ſeu me­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg419"/>
                <lb/>
              thodus, non inſtrumentum cognitionis. </s>
              <s>Demum omni genere ſyllogiſmi ſimpliciter excluditur
                <lb/>
              definitio, per ſe. </s>
              <s>Sed neque demonſtratione ab effectu concludi poteſt quæſtio ſimplex. </s>
              <s>ſiquidem
                <lb/>
              id quod demonſtratione concluditur, vt in alio concluditur, & efficit quæſtionem complexam.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Reſtat igitur, vt quæſtio ſimplex abſoluatur ſyllogiſmo quem diximus hypotheticum per natu­
                <lb/>
              ram. </s>
              <s>Quapropter ad ea quæ aduerſarij dicebant, ita reſpondemus. </s>
              <s>Primùm notantes accipi falsò
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg420"/>
                <lb/>
              vbi procedimus à definitione ad definitum, eſſe genus argumentandi; ſed euolutionem ſolam &
                <lb/>
              diſtinctionem definiti in ſuas partes. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              e
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Similiter quòd à parte definitionis ad definitum ſyllogi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg421"/>
                <lb/>
              ſticè progrediamur. </s>
              <s>id quoque nego. </s>
              <s>Et noſcimus quidem eſſe rem, vel per ſe vel per accidens;
                <lb/>
              nec tamen per ſyllogiſmum ſimpliciter. </s>
              <s>Quod verò ad repugnantiam pertinet quæ ex verbis
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg422"/>
                <lb/>
              Auerrois exoritur, eam facilè tollo; quoniam 4. de cęlo probationem non ſimpliciter accipit,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg423"/>
                <lb/>
              ſed quemcunque rationis progreſſum quem nos tum eſſe dicimus ſyllogiſmum hypotheticum
                <lb/>
              per naturam; 6. verò Met. dicimus ipſum ſyllogiſmum ſimpliciter ei denegare. </s>
              <s>Succedunt his
                <lb/>
              principia cognitionis quæ dicimus axiomata. </s>
              <s>Hæc ſanè nullum genus demonſtrationis admit­
                <lb/>
              tunt, quia nihil habent neque prius ſeipſis, neque notius, neque natura, neque nobis Habent
                <expan abbr="qui-dẽ">qui­
                  <lb/>
                dem</expan>
              axiomata principia
                <expan abbr="quędã">quędam</expan>
              inuentionis, ipſa ſcilicet ſenſilia & ſingularia è quibus colliguntur. </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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