Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002790">
                <pb pagenum="417" xlink:href="016/01/066.jpg"/>
              partem vnius aſſume, quas addes diſtantiæ
                <lb/>
              a Fortunatis loci tabularum Alphonſi, ſi lo­
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              cus Lunæ inſtrumento inuentus poſterior
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              fuerit, id eſt, magis ab initio Arietis de­
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              ſtiterit loco inuento per tabulas: aut mi­
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              nues ab eodem, vbilocus tabularum partes
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              & minuta, eo qui per inſtrumentum inuen­
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              tus eſt, plura obtineat, & quod relinquitur
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              aut cogitur, eſt longitudo a Fortunatis loci
                <lb/>
              incogniti, quàm in ſphæra regionum ſimul
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              cum latitudine quæres, noſcéſque vbi lo­
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              corum ſis, quibúſque ventis in patriam re­
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              gredi liceat: quod cùm ignorent, qui hiſto­
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              riam Indicarum rerum ſcribunt, latitudine
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              appoſita longitudines locorum omittunt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002791">Nam quòd declinatione curſus Solis, qui­
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              cunque Indiam vtramque petunt, multùm
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              adiuuentur, nec non & ſtellarum, omnibus
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              qui cum Luſitanis ac Hiſpanis verſantur eius
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              nauigationis gnaris, compertum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.002792">Iam ve­
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              rò an vnus ſit mundus, an plures, an infini­
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              ti, an infinitus vnus, & an aliquid extra ip­
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              ſum, & an æternus, vel genitus, dictum
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              eſt in libris de Æternitatis arcanis: nunc
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              verò de Luce & Lumine, quæ ab aſtris pro­
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              fluunt, dicemus. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.002793">
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              Regiones in­
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              cognitæ, diſ­
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              perſæque
                <expan abbr="tẽ-peſtatibus">tem­
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                peſtatibus</expan>
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              naues, quo
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              pacto vbi
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              ſint, dignoſci
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              poſſint.</s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.066.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/066/1.jpg" number="42"/>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002794">
                <emph type="center"/>
              LIBER QVARTVS,
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002795">
                <emph type="center"/>
              De Luce & Lumine.
                <emph.end type="center"/>
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg308"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.002796">
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              Aſtra omnia
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              habere
                <expan abbr="lumẽ">lumen</expan>
              ,
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              & vmbram.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002797">HABENT omnia ſydera lumen,
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              motum, ac magnitudinem
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              propriam: & vt lumen minùs
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              à maiore tegitur, ſic vmbra
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              latet. </s>
              <s id="s.002798">Luna in die vmbram
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              non facit, noctu fecit. </s>
              <s id="s.002799">Si Luna luceat,
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              aſtrorum reliquorum vmbras non videbis:
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              vbi illa delituerit, quorundam quandoque
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              adeò vmbram videbis exquiſitam, vt Ve­
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              neris ego lumen per feneſtram ingrediens,
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              Lunæ eſſe arbitrarer. </s>
              <s id="s.002800">Vnaquæque igitur
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              ſtella proprium habet lumen, cùm propriam
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              habeat lucem: quo ſit vt ex frequentibus
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              ſyderibus lumen miſcentibus, lacteus cir­
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              culus ab oculo æſtimetur. </s>
              <s id="s.002801">Adiuuat hoc cœ­
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              li ſubſtantia denſa, & ſyderum rara, velut
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              in Cometa, qui caudam, aut crines habet:
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              nam cùm nunquam mutetur, conſtat ipſum
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              in cœlo eſſe, non infra. </s>
              <s id="s.002802">Sed quomodo radij
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              per inane tranſeuntes refracti videntur,
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              cùm Solis radij in aëre viſui
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              ſubiiciantur.
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              Hæc eadem eſt cauſa, cur etiam vbi refle­
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              xio radiorum in terra eſt, vt in vallibus,
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              longè maior ſit calor: nam ſi radius pene­
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              trat, vnus tantùm eſt: cùm reflectitur, duo:
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              cùm iterùm reflectitur, tres radij in eodem
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              ſunt loco, quare calor magnus hîc procrea­
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              tur: in lactea autem via non his, aut ter,
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              ſed tum ob propinquitatem ſtellarum, tum
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              ob denſitatem millies reflectuntur, cùm
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              etiam plurimæ ſint: igitur in medio cando­
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              rem, vt lactis fieri neceſſe eſt, quod ego
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              etiam multis cum candelis caſu imitari pul­
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              cherrimè vidi, vt euidenti rationi etiam
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              experimentum ſubſcribat. </s>
              <s id="s.002803">Atque eadem ra­
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              tione ignis in cauis ſpeculis accenditur,
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              quoniam in paruum ſpatium radij plurimi
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              coëunt, non tamen in candida materia,
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              quia rationem tollit, qua accendere poſſunt:
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              poſſunt enim, quia coëunt, ac candidum
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              diſſipat, & ſeparat. </s>
              <s id="s.002804">Ob hoc ab igne candi­
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              da tela facilè vritur, imò à ſcintilla, à ſpe­
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              culi concaui ſolaribus radiis non vritur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002805">Eadem ratio ad vnguem eſt in ſphærula
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              cryſtalli, & rotunda amphora vitrea aqua
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              plena. </s>
              <s id="s.002806">Sed vt in his radij ex aduerſo coëunt,
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              ita in cauis ſpeculis antè: verùm vrendi, &
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg312"/>
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              non vrendi par ratio in vtriſque. </s>
              <s id="s.002807">Cùm enim
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              rem candidam ſubieceris, conus ille mani­
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              feſtè dilatatur, & ideò vrere non poteſt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002808">Hoc autem quòd dilatetur, oculo etiam de­
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              præhenditur. </s>
              <s id="s.002809">Sed cur lumen coactum hæc
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              inferiora maximè Solis calefacit, cùm Sol
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg313"/>
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              calidus non exiſtimetur? </s>
              <s id="s.002810">Verùm ego cali­
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              dum eſſe Solem ponere non vererer, cùm
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              nihil calidum aliud eo caloris genere exi­
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              ſtimem: hoc enim ſuperiùs oſtenſum eſt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002811">Nam putridus calor, & igneus non gene­
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              rat, ſed corrumpit: Solis calor, & ſyde­
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              rum generat. </s>
              <s id="s.002812">Calor autem rerum, quæ vita
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              carent nullus actu eſt, nec ſenſu tactus per­
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              cipi poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.002813">Solis calor tactui ſubiicitur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002814">Sed nec animantium calor talis eſt, cùm
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              pabulo indigeat, ſyderum calor minimè.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002815">Sed ſi velis placita Ariſtotelis tueri, dices
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              quòd aër & aqua dum lumen illud excipe­
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              re conantur naturali quadam facultate, qua
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              grauia deſcendunt, leuia aſcendunt, mo­
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              uentur ac diſſipantur. </s>
              <s id="s.002816">Calor quoque, qui
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              in eis iam potentia erat, ſuſcitatur, & ad
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              actum perducitur. </s>
              <s id="s.002817">Aqua verò ab aëre inca­
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              leſcit, qui eſt ſeipſa calorem non habet:
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              proptereà ſuperficies ſumma, aut ſolùm
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              calida eſt, aut maximè. </s>
              <s id="s.002818">Motum hunc ra­
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              ritas conſequitur, raritatem calor: hoc enim
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              ſuperiùs, quomodo fiat, oſtenſum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.002819">Ca­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg314"/>
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              lor enim, motus, ac tenuitas circulo quo­
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              dam mutuò ſibi cauſæ ſunt: nam ſubtilitas,
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              caloris cauſa eſt: calor dum depaſcitur, mo­
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              tus: at motus ipſe ſubtilitatis rurſus cauſa
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              eſt: motus enim collidendo partes attenuat.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002820">Subſtantia tenuis, quia magnam vim exci­
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              pit radij, calida euadit, calidum verò at­
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              trahendo, & diſcutiendo motum cit: quæ
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              viciſſitudo in animalibus vitam præbet,
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              & manifeſtiſſima eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.002821">Suprà enim docuimus,
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              frigidum nihil aliud eſſe, quàm quòd calo­
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              re caret, nec recipit: rarum igitur admo­
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              dum frigidum eſſe, eſt impoſſibile, videtur
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              igitur ipſe radius, ſeu lumen caloris ſubſtan­
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              tia, hocque nobis ſufficeret, qui eatenùs ſo­
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              lùm rationes ſectamur rerum, quatenus iu-</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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