Buonamici, Francesco, De motu libri X

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="51"/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg478"/>
                <lb/>
              reliquæ nihil ad Ariſtotelem. </s>
              <s>Practicarum finis eſt generatim bonum humanum cuius habitus
                <lb/>
              prudentia nominatur. </s>
              <s>eius verò tria ſunt membra ſicut etiam bonum humanum tres
                <expan abbr="cõtinet">continet</expan>
              ha­
                <lb/>
              bitudines, aut enim habenti ipſi bonum eſt, quod cùm ex aſſuetudine partum ſit
                <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan>
              Gręci
                <expan abbr="vocãt">vocant</expan>
                <lb/>
                <foreign lang="grc">ἔθος, ἠθικὸν</foreign>
              appellatur, aut eſt bonum familiæ &
                <foreign lang="grc">τῷ ο̂ικῳ</foreign>
              . </s>
              <s>cuius gubernatio dicitur œconomia,
                <lb/>
              à qua prudentia œconomica denominatur aut eſt bonum reip. </s>
              <s>cuius gubernatio cùm politia dica­
                <lb/>
              tur à Gręcis etiam facultati & prudentię politicę nomen dedit. </s>
              <s>Hęc ergo philoſophia ſpectat, quę
                <lb/>
              in ſeſe rationem continet boni, quod agendo
                <expan abbr="cõparatur">comparatur</expan>
              , & pulchri quòd contemplando accedit,
                <lb/>
              nihil infra ipſa reſpiciens, quaſi quicquid infra eſt, ſeruile habendum ſit. </s>
              <s>Cùm tamen & ſępe de
                <lb/>
              artibus incidat ſermo, in methodis Ariſtoteleis, aliqua de ipſis vniuersè ſcribere placet quę
                <expan abbr="valeãt">valeant</expan>
                <lb/>
              ſcilicet ad pręceptoris noſtri ſententias illuſtrandas. </s>
              <s>Iam docuimus, vt in artibus illæ quoque re­
                <lb/>
              ponantur quę
                <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan>
              opus ex operatione relinquunt, quòd non ex conſilio & electione
                <expan abbr="proficiſcã-tur">proficiſcan­
                  <lb/>
                tur</expan>
              , vt illæ quas practicas propriè dicimus. </s>
              <s>& quòd imitantur. </s>
              <s>artes operando, non conſultantes
                <lb/>
              quid ex quo agendum ſit, & ſi nihil ex operatione relinquunt, non ex eo naſcitur, quia ſint actio­
                <lb/>
              nes animi, ex eorum genere quas immanentes vocant; ſed quòd in ea materia ſe exercent quę
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
                <lb/>
              retinet ſpeciem impreſſam ab artifice, vt lignum retinet ſcamni formam, exempli g. ſoni
                <expan abbr="ſubiectũ">ſubiectum</expan>
                <lb/>
              eſt aër, ſed eius ſpecies ex abſentia ſonantis euaneſcit. </s>
              <s>ita & motionis ſpecies quæ oritur ex arte
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg479"/>
                <lb/>
              ſaltandi, manet in ipſa motione, & cum ipſa tantum propagatur. </s>
              <s>itaque & mens quę in eiuſmodi
                <lb/>
              verſatur operationibus effectricis non autem practicę nomine digna eſt habita. </s>
              <s>Nunc eas multi­
                <lb/>
              fariam partiri philoſophi videntur. </s>
              <s>Primùm quidem ex modo quo finem ſuum
                <expan abbr="cõſequi">conſequi</expan>
              poſſunt,
                <lb/>
              aut enim earum finis eſt in facientis poteſtate poſitus, ita vt nunquàm artifex ſuo fine fruſtretur,
                <lb/>
              ſi omnia aptè & appoſitè fecerit, vt finem
                <expan abbr="cõſequatur">conſequatur</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>Sunt & artes quarum finis non ab artifice,
                <lb/>
              ſed ab alio pendet, in quibus etiam magnam partem ſolet habere fortuna, has facultatis nomine
                <lb/>
              notare voluerunt, quia facultas incertum euentum præſeferat, &
                <expan abbr="infinitatẽ">infinitatem</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>& cùm incertos ſuc­
                <lb/>
              ceſſus habeant, locum dare
                <expan abbr="cõſultationi">conſultationi</expan>
              videntur, qua vel ſic vel aliter faciendum eſſe iudicetur,
                <lb/>
              vt propoſito fine potiantur, (ſemper
                <expan abbr=".n.">enim</expan>
              reſpiciunt finem, licet ipſum non ſemper aſſequi poſsint)
                <lb/>
              à
                <expan abbr="cõiectura">coniectura</expan>
              coniectrices dictæ ſunt. </s>
              <s>tales ſunt Dialectica, Oratoria, Medicina, Nautica, Militaris.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Proinde cùm finis in
                <expan abbr="earũ">earum</expan>
              poteſtate non ſit, ab iis non ſolet finis, ſed officium deſiderati duntaxat.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Secundò diſtribuuntur artes ex modo faciendi. </s>
              <s>vt quamuis & marmorarius & lutarius & fuſor
                <lb/>
              ſtatuam faciant, quia
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              ſit idem omnium faciendi modus, artifices ijdem
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              ſunt. </s>
              <s>Non ſanè dico
                <lb/>
              eoſdem non eſſe artifices, quòd
                <expan abbr="eandẽ">eandem</expan>
              materiam non tractent: ſed non
                <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan>
              modo. </s>
              <s>Nanque
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg480"/>
                <lb/>
              idem artifex eſſe poteſt, qui fundendo ſtatuam facit ex auro & plumbo. </s>
              <s>Itaque notabat Galenus
                <lb/>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              a
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              ętatis ſuę medicos qui
                <expan abbr="medicinã">medicinam</expan>
              ſecarent in
                <expan abbr="totidẽ">totidem</expan>
              partes, quot ſunt corporis humani &
                <expan abbr="quidã">quidam</expan>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg481"/>
                <lb/>
              Romę eſſent ocularij medici, nonnulli auricularij, neque
                <expan abbr=".n.">enim</expan>
              id ex artis natura cùm vna ſit
                <expan abbr="partiũ">partium</expan>
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan>
              medicina: ſed ex
                <expan abbr="cõmoditate">commoditate</expan>
              naſcebatur. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="ſiquidẽ">ſiquidem</expan>
              eam artis
                <expan abbr="portionẽ">portionem</expan>
              profiterentur è qua
                <lb/>
              victum ſibi parare poſſe ſperarent, cęteras negligebant. </s>
              <s>quòd ſi victui neceſſaria
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              ſuppeditaſſet
                <lb/>
              ea portio medicinę,
                <expan abbr="quemadmodũ">quemadmodum</expan>
              euenire ſolebat in Gręcia, aut ſolum vertere cogebantur, aut
                <lb/>
              alias artis medicę partes exercere. </s>
              <s>Tertiò vel artes materiam faciunt, vel parant, vel perficiunt id
                <lb/>
              quod natura
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              potuit abſoluere, vel
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              miniſtrę ſunt ad quas etiam referri dicimus organicas.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>faciunt
                <expan abbr="materiã">materiam</expan>
              figuli, dum lateres ędificatori efficiunt,
                <expan abbr="materiã">materiam</expan>
              parant fabri qui
                <expan abbr="ferrũ">ferrum</expan>
              repurgant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>abſoluunt ea quę natura pręſtare non poteſt, vt lanifices; miniſtrant, vel quę faciunt inſtrumenta.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>vt frenorum fabricatrix equeſtri, vel quę impedimenta remouent, & applicant agentia principia
                <lb/>
              ad patientia. </s>
              <s>Quamobrem Medici clamant, Naturas eſſe
                <expan abbr="morborũ">morborum</expan>
              curatrices, modicos
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
              mini­
                <lb/>
              ſtros. </s>
              <s>Poſtremò ex fine diſtinguuntur. </s>
              <s>quòd variis modis ad humanos vſus
                <expan abbr="accõmodentur">accommodentur</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>etenim
                <lb/>
              aut neceſsitatis ergò operantur, aut
                <expan abbr="cõmodi">commodi</expan>
              , aut voluptatis. </s>
              <s>ex hoc ordine ſunt
                <foreign lang="grc">κοσμητικαὶ</foreign>
              dictæ,
                <lb/>
              ideſt ornatrices & fortè
                <foreign lang="grc">μεμητικαὶ</foreign>
              , i. </s>
              <s>imitatrices, vt poëtica. </s>
              <s>hæ quę in ſolam
                <expan abbr="voluptatẽ">voluptatem</expan>
                <expan abbr="collimãt">collimant</expan>
              ,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg482"/>
                <lb/>
              mea quidem ſententia ſunt omnium abiectiſsimę; quippe quę ſolum illam animi noſtri partem
                <lb/>
              reſpiciant, quę bruta eſt. </s>
              <s>quę
                <expan abbr="cõmodum">commodum</expan>
                <expan abbr="ſolũ">ſolum</expan>
              intendunt, cęteris pręferendæ, ſunt enim vt bene ho­
                <lb/>
              mini ſit: atqui multò pręſtantius eſt eſſe bene, quàm eſſe ſimpliciter. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              b
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Omnes
                <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan>
              vniuersè lon­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg483"/>
                <lb/>
              giſsimo tractu practicis & contemplantibus cedunt, & ipſis origine & natura poſteriores, ſunt:
                <lb/>
              etenim politicæ ſeruiunt cuius vniuerſa officia poſita ſunt in eo quòd ociosè contemplari valea­
                <lb/>
              mus, illę
                <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan>
              infimæ quę reponuntur in miniſtris, quòd natura cedant,
                <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan>
              in aliarum
                <expan abbr="gratiã">gratiam</expan>
                <expan abbr="in-uẽtæ">in­
                  <lb/>
                uentæ</expan>
              fuerint, & origine poſteriores ſint. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan>
              veriſimile eſt, niſi vtens eſſet,
                <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan>
              fore
                <expan abbr="officiũ">officium</expan>
              inſtru­
                <lb/>
              menti,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              c
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              vt niſi fuerit qui colat domum, fruſtra futura ſit domus. </s>
              <s>Omnibus his analytica vilior &
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg484"/>
                <lb/>
              origine poſterior. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="qñ">quin</expan>
                <expan abbr="oẽs">omnes</expan>
              ſcientiæ & artes recta ratione vtuntur, illæ
                <expan abbr="quidẽ">quidem</expan>
                <expan abbr="contẽplantes">contemplantes</expan>
              , hæ verò
                <lb/>
              efficientes, & practicæ recta ratione agentes, quæ
                <expan abbr="prudẽtia">prudentia</expan>
              nominatur. </s>
              <s>Porrò rectæ rationis regu­
                <lb/>
              las analytica docet: itaque omnibus ancillatur. </s>
              <s>& prius generatim bonę
                <expan abbr="artificũ">artificum</expan>
              operationes exti­
                <lb/>
              terunt quàm regulę traditæ, vt prius aliquis
                <expan abbr="verũ">verum</expan>
                <expan abbr="contẽplando">contemplando</expan>
              concluſit, ex hoc regulę obſeruatę
                <lb/>
              quibus
                <expan abbr="verũ">verum</expan>
                <expan abbr="cõcludi">concludi</expan>
              poſſet. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              d
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Igitur analytica omnibus his & origine & natura poſterior. </s>
              <s>Sed his
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg485"/>
                <lb/>
              omiſsis in quæ nulla dubitatio cadit, ad practicas accedamus & eas
                <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan>
              ſpeculantibus
                <expan abbr="cõparemus">comparemus</expan>
              . </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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