Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

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1hay, which is called the cordum, is cut with scythes in the month of
September.
Therefore in places where the grass has a dampness that is not con­
gealed into frost, there is a vein beneath: also if the exhalation be excessively
hot, the soil will produce only small and pale-coloured plants.
Lastly, there
are trees whose foliage in spring time has a bluish or leaden tint, the upper
branches more especially being tinged with black or with any other unnatural
colour, the trunks cleft in two, and the branches black or discoloured.
These phenomena are caused by the intensely hot and dry exhalations
which do not spare even the roots, but scorching them, render the trees
sickly; wherefore the wind will more frequently uproot trees of this kind
than any others.
Verily the veins do emit this exhalation. Therefore, in a
place where there is a multitude of trees, if a long row of them at an unusual
time lose their verdure and become black or discoloured, and frequently fall
by the violence of the wind, beneath this spot there is a vein.
Likewise
along a course where a vein extends, there grows a certain herb or fungus
which is absent from the adjacent space, or sometimes even from the neigh­
bourhood of the veins.
By these signs of Nature a vein can be discovered.
There are many great contentions between miners concerning the forked
twig21, for some say that it is of the greatest use in discovering veins, and
others deny it.
Some of those who manipulate and use the twig, first cut
a fork from a hazel bush with a knife, for this bush they consider more
efficacious than any other for revealing the veins, especially if the hazel

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