Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003114">
                <pb pagenum="426" xlink:href="016/01/075.jpg"/>
              latitudine L B M in vertice, quam ſenſim
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              cotibus atteres, donec impoſita parabole
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              LBM circumuerſáque vndique tangat, ſiné­
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              que impedimento circumuertatur. </s>
              <s id="s.003115">Quod
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              cùm effeceris, huic moli vitrum candens
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              aptabis, efficiéſque parabolem, quæ à tergo
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              ſuperaſperſo plumbo radios omnes à Sole
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              æquidiſtantes, qui omnium ſunt robuſtiſſi­
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              mi, in punctum K, id eſt, paſſibus mille
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              diſtantem reflectent, comburéntque ſtatim.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003116">Hæc autem ab Archimede planè demon­
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              ſtrata ſunt, vt Antonius Gogaua ad nos
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              tranſtulit.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003117">
                <margin.target id="marg363"/>
              Speculum
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              quod occul­
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              ta reualet.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003118">Verùm poſtquam de ſpeculis res prodi­
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              gioſas narrare aggreſſus ſum, ſpeculi quo
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              occulta videamus, compoſitionem docere
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              propoſui. </s>
              <s id="s.003119">Plana igitur duo ſpecula ex cry­
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              ſtallo factitia, qualia Venetiis fiunt, quia
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              non adeò vt chalybea vitiantur, æqualia ad
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              vnguem iunge, ita vt alterius longitudini
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              reliqui ad amuſſim hæreat, & vt circa axem
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              poſſit, velut integumentum circumuolui,
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              ſic vt ſuperficies vnius cum alterius ſuper­
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              ficie quandoque vnum planum efficiat:
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              quandoque ſolidum, rectum, obtuſum acu­
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              túmque, vt libuerit. </s>
              <s id="s.003120">Tunc in ſublimi ſpecu­
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              lum immobile è directo loci latentis ſuſpen­
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              des, ita vt ſpeculi facies plano tuo ad per­
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              pendiculum immineat, ſpeculi autem mobi­
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              lis facies longitudinem loco quem deſide­
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              ras oppoſitam habeat, tunc quicquid gere­
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              tur in cubiculo illo modò lux adſit, circum­
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              uoluto mobili ſpeculo, donec æqualem an­
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              gulum faciat, quod oculus tibi declarabit,
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              dum quod quæris vides, ſpectabis omnia.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003121">Quòd ſi locus quem videre deſideras ſubli­
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              mior ſit, quàm ille, in quo es, editiore loco
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              ſuſpende. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003122">Eadem ratione ſi velis quod procul fit,
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              quinque M. paſſuum videre, & interiectis
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              muris, aut in hoſtili ciuitate, edito loco
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              ſpeculum ad perpendiculum ſeu finitori
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              æquidiſtans quàm maximum ſuſpende, aliud
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              verò in manu habens, cuius facies reſpi­
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              ciat
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              non prorſus ſupina, neque ad per­
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              pendiculum exquiſitè erecta) ſpeculum quod
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              ſuperius collocaſti, ſenſim te è directo pri­
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              mi ſpeculi elongabis, paulatimque ac alter­
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              natim, modò dextra, modò ſiniſtra infle­
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              ctens, donec locum plenè conſpicias in
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              ſpeculo tuo, tunc illud vix mouens à ſitu, vi­
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              debis quæcunque illic aguntur & fiunt: &
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              quanquam nullum aliud ſit huius rei impe­
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              dimentum quàm machinarum ( vt dixi) ig­
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              nearum, nihilominus paucis ex vſu eſſe po­
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              teſt, quòd res magna tam exigua ſpecie ex­
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              preſſa, non niſi acutiſſimo viſu deprehendi
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              poſſit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003123">Quòd ſi libeat ſpectare ea, quæ in via
                <lb/>
              fiunt, Sole ſplendente in feneſtra orbem è
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              vitro collocabis, inde occluſa feneſtra vide­
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              bis imagines per foramen tranſlatas in op­
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              poſito plano ſed tum obſcuris coloribus, ſub­
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              iicies igitur candidiſſimam chartam eo loco
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              quo imagines vides, & intentam rem mira
                <arrow.to.target n="marg364"/>
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              ratione aſſequêris. </s>
              <s id="s.003124">Duplices facies & qua­
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              ternos oculos, & ternos, & teipſum mono­
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              culum, & auerſam effigiem, atque alia mira
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              innumera cauum ſpeculum oſtendet, non
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              ſolùm ſphæricum, ſed & conicum ac cylin­
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              dricum. </s>
              <s id="s.003125">Hoc tamen vltimum longè etiam
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              maiora repræſentabit, velut quaternas fa­
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              cies, oblongam etiam atque ſtrictiſſimam,
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              & modò perbreuem atque latiſſimam. </s>
              <s id="s.003126">Quid
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg365"/>
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              tandem? </s>
              <s id="s.003127">omnia fermè præterquam veram,
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              more hominum huius ætatis, qui omnia
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              nouerunt magis quàm benefacere, aut vera
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              dicere. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003128">
                <margin.target id="marg364"/>
              Modus vi­
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              dendi loca
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              cum ſuis co­
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              loribus oc­
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              culta.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003129">
                <margin.target id="marg365"/>
              Specula va­
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              rias res re­
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              præſentan­
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              tia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003130">Sunt & ſpecula quæ multas facies oſten­
                <lb/>
              dunt, vt quæ è planis multis conſtant. </s>
              <s id="s.003131">Sed
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              hæc notiſſima: illa admiratione digna, quæ
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              vnica ſuperficie plures reddunt imagines.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003132">Erat mihi ſpeculum quadratum è vitro pla­
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              num, quod vtramque aurem geminatam re­
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              ferebat, quaſi ſecunda primæ eſſet imago:
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg366"/>
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              erat & remotior. </s>
              <s id="s.003133">Id effecit vt crederem, ſpe­
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              culum fuiſſe in Hiſpania, & ipſum planum
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              quod duplicem referret imaginem faciei al­
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              teram atque propinquiorem ſimillimam ve­
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              ræ, reliquam quaſi mortui: nam eadem ra­
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              tio in vtriſque. </s>
              <s id="s.003134">Demonſtremus autem cau­
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              ſam huius, vt rem ſciamus, & conficere do­
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              ceamus. </s>
              <s id="s.003135">Nam qui vident talia, perterren­
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              tur non ſolùm miraculo rei, ſed etiam ima­
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              gine ipſa. </s>
              <s id="s.003136">Nam & aures illæ poſteriores pal­
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              lidæ admodum videbantur. </s>
              <s id="s.003137">Quia igitur pal­
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              lidiores hæ figuræ & minus efficaces ac
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              conſpicuæ, ac ſimiles primis imaginibus,
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              manifeſtum eſt quòd velut in iride duplici,
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              poſterior ex priore fit. </s>
              <s id="s.003138">Sed ex quo reflexio?
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003139">Videtur etiam non ſemper duplex iris, nec
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              niſi in paucis ſpeculis duplices imagines. </s>
              <s id="s.003140">Sit
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              igitur oculus A, quod videtur B, ſpeculum
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              C, conuerſus ad angulos æquales in C pun­
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              cto, concurſus cum recta ex B ad perpen­
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              diculum ſupra ſpeculum in D, vbi videbi­
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              tur & B. </s>
              <s id="s.003141">Cùm igitur inclinantur B & A
                <lb/>
                <figure id="id.016.01.075.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/075/1.jpg" number="50"/>
                <lb/>
              valde, quia ABC parum diſtat à ſpeculi ſu­
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              perficie, refrangitur ex C, quia non ad vn­
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              guem planum eſt ſpeculum, in E. </s>
              <s id="s.003142">Altius igi­
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              tur E quàm C, igitur F videbitur ſupra D.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003143">Quòd verò altius videtur & ſub æquali an­
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              gulo, etiam longius eſſe exiſtimatur: quare
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              F poſt D etiam eſſe videtur. </s>
              <s id="s.003144">Id verò Scaliger
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg367"/>
                <lb/>
              fieri poſſe affirmat, ſi ſplendido ſpeculo, è
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              chalybe clariſſimum vitrum ſuperinducatur
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              vt ex eodem opaco, gemina fiat reflexio: at­
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              que ideò etiam gemina imago, vt de duplici
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              vmbra diximus. </s>
              <s id="s.003145">Verùm ſuperficiem à ſuper­
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              ficie ſeparatam oportet inclinari. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003146">
                <margin.target id="marg366"/>
              Specula pla­
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              na plures
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                <expan abbr="repræſentã-tia">repræſentan­
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                tia</expan>
              imagi­
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              nes.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003147">
                <margin.target id="marg367"/>
              Specula
                <lb/>
              imagines mi­
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              ro modo in
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              aëre repræ­
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              ſentantia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003148">Sunt & alia quæ ignem accendunt, quòd
                <lb/>
              è multis conſtent circulis, ac denique com­
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              poſitorum infinita monſtra, quæ referre eſt
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              ſuperuacuum, illa nunc oſtendamus, quæ
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              in aëre imagines repræſentant. </s>
              <s id="s.003149">Superius
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              caua retulimus, ſunt & conuexa ſphærica, </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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