Buonamici, Francesco, De motu libri X

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            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="55"/>
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              eſſe comperimus, vt ad certam materiam ſeſe non applicent, neque motum conſequantur.</s>
              <s>quia
                <lb/>
              tamen in natura quicquid eſt, cum motu exiſtet;</s>
              <s>opus eſt abſtractione, cuius beneficio quantum
                <lb/>
              motu non comprehenſo in eo munere contemplamur;</s>
              <s>& cùm talis ſit earum natura, nihil abſurd­
                <lb/>
              di exoritur.</s>
              <s>Quòd item confirmatur, quòd mens in omni habitu verum dicit; </s>
              <s>atqui verum eſt
                <lb/>
              ex eo, quòd res ita eſt. </s>
              <s>Huc accedit, quod Ariſtoteles diſtinguit ſcientias non ex ratione
                <expan abbr="notionũ">notionum</expan>
              ,
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505b"/>
                <lb/>
              ſed entium.</s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              a
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Cęterùm & mathematicæ gradus habent: quando ea quæ conſiderat quantum
                <lb/>
              diſcretum certior eſt quàm ea quæ tractat continuum, cùm ſuperet perſpicuitate demonſtratio­
                <lb/>
              nis, & ſimplicitate ſubiecti. </s>
              <s>nam quantum continuum, cùm ſe habet ad diſcretum vt includens poſi­
                <lb/>
              tionem, punctus enim eſt vnitas cum poſitione.
                <emph type="sup"/>
              b
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              </s>
              <s>Et multo præſtantior eſt Aſtrologia; quippe
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505c"/>
                <lb/>
              quòd ſola è mathimaticis de ſubſtantia atque illa quidem perpetua & cauſſas inuariabilis ha­
                <lb/>
              bente differat. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="ideoq̀.">ideoque</expan>
              ſit omnium maxime affinis primæ philoſophiæ. </s>
              <s>Sed quantum pertinet
                <lb/>
              ad id noſcendum vtra ſit origine prior arithmetica an geometria, cadere poſsit in quæſtionem,
                <lb/>
              propterea quòd dubium eſt, ſit'ne numerus an magnitudo prior. </s>
              <s>exiſtimabit enim quiſpiam ma­
                <lb/>
              gnitudinem numero priorem eſſe, ſiquidem è continui ſectione numerus oriatur; </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              c
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              & tamen
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505d"/>
                <lb/>
              geometriam doceat Ariſtoteles eſſe arithmetica poſteriorem, quia minus ſimplicia tractet, & ea
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505e"/>
              quæ poſitionem habent. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="Idemq̀.">Idemque</expan>
              præterea docet poſteriorem eſſe habitum illum qui res ex ap­
                <lb/>
              poſitione conſiderat, eo qui illas citra appoſitionem ſpectat. </s>
              <s>Cùm ergo geometria ſit cum appo­
                <lb/>
              ſitione non item arithmetica, planum eſt quò geometria poſterior eſt arithmetica.</s>
              <s>Mihi tamen
                <lb/>
              placet ex rei natura magnitudinem numero priorem eſſe; </s>
              <s>& quamuis appoſitio geometriæ tri­
                <lb/>
              buatur, eſt illa appoſitio ſecundum rationem, potius quàm ſecundum rem. </s>
              <s>eſt vero appoſitio ſe­
                <lb/>
              cundum rem,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              d
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              ubi quid priori accedat, ſine quo prius exiſtere poteſt; </s>
              <s>at quod accedit, non ſine
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505f"/>
                <lb/>
              illo, vt accidens ſubſtantiæ ſuperveniat, quò ſubſtantia ſine accidente illo conſeruatur; </s>
              <s>ſine
                <lb/>
              ſubſtantia tamen accidens non exiſtet; </s>
              <s>ſecundum rationem verò, ſiquod in alio exiſtet, ſine illo
                <lb/>
              cogitetur, in quo eſt; </s>
              <s>pòſt ad illud idem applicetur, ſine quo non exiſtet, velut albedo quæ eſt in
                <lb/>
              homine, non exiſtet ſine homine, verumtamen ſine homine cogitatur. </s>
              <s>ſi prius ſine homine, pòſt
                <lb/>
              in homine cogitetur, ea eſt appoſitio ſecundum rationem; </s>
              <s> hic quod ſecundum rationem prius
                <lb/>
              eſt, non neceſſariò prius eſt ſecundum naturam. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              e
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Geometer igitur, & Arithmeticus ita ſe habent,
                <lb/>
              vt Geometer addat numero poſitionem, ea verò additio ſfit ope mentis, quia quantum ſine poſi­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505g"/>
                <lb/>
              tione concipitur. </s>
              <s>Itaque ex eo quòd prior ſit ſecundum rationem, non efficitur arithmeticen eſſe
                <lb/>
              natura priorem, quinimmò cùm habitus ſit priuatione prior natura; numerus autem videatur
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505h"/>
              eſſe priuatio continui, magnitudo prior erit natura, quàm numerus. </s>
              <s>Conſimili diſtinctione de­
                <lb/>
              fendi poterit, mathematicen eſſe priorem naturali: quandò naturalis materiam quanto apponit,
                <lb/>
              ſine qua conſideratur à mathematico: prior enim ſecundum rationem erit mathematica, licet
                <lb/>
              natura poſterior. </s>
              <s>Ex his quæ dicta ſunt, facilè apparet ordo qui inter habitus contemplantes in­
                <lb/>
              tercedit.</s>
              <s>Nam ſi ſcientiæ præſtantiam ex ſubiecti nobilitate metiamur, & ex ordine cauſſarum. </s>
              <s>Diuinæ philoſophiæ primæ dabuntur; ſecundæ naturali; tertiæ mathematicæ </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              f
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Videntur verò
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505i"/>
                <lb/>
              Gręci, Ammonius, Philoponus, Simplicius, Olympiodorus, & poſt hos Albertus medias collo­
                <lb/>
              caſſe mathematicas inter naturalem & diuinam; quaſi via quædam ſit quam tranſeat mens, dum
                <lb/>
              à naturalibus quæ materia conſtant, ad illa aſpirat quæ prorſus à materia ſeiuncta ſunt. </s>
              <s>etenim mathimatica media ſunt, quia per ſe ſunt in materia, verùm ſine illa cogitari queunt; </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="ideoq̀.">ideoque</expan>
                <lb/>
                <foreign lang="grc">ἀφῃρημενα</foreign>
              dicuntur &
                <foreign lang="grc">ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως</foreign>
              , cum diuina,
                <foreign lang="grc">χωριστὰ</foreign>
              , ſeu
                <foreign lang="grc">κεχωρισμένα</foreign>
              vocentur.</s>
              <s>tametſi nonnunquam voces iſtæ permiſcentur.</s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              e
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Sicut ergo natura ab extremo perueniat ad extre­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505j"/>
                <lb/>
              mum per media; ſic & mentem noſtram facere voluerunt. </s>
              <s>& planè ita perſuadet vſus. </s>
              <s>Nam ſi­
                <lb/>
              cut ij qui fuere diutius in tenebris & compedibus facilè ſupplantantur
                <emph type="sup"/>
              h
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              & cęcutiunt, ſi in lucem
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505k"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505l"/>
              illicò prodire & ambulare cogantur,
                <expan abbr="ideoq̀.">ideoque</expan>
              leuiorem motum
                <expan abbr="lumenq̀.">lumenque</expan>
              debilius requirunt, vt
                <lb/>
              paullatim mouendo
                <expan abbr="videndoq̀.">videndoque</expan>
              aſſueſcant: </s>
              <s>ſic mens noſtra in rebus materiatis occupata, ſi in di­
                <lb/>
              uinam philosophiam ſubita feratur, facilè offuſcatur, & à comprehensione illius aberrat. </s>
              <s> Itaque
                <lb/>
              opus fuit, vt per mathematica tranſiret, & rerum abſtractarum contemplationi paullatim inſue­
                <lb/>
              ſceret, ſicut enim oculus noctuæ à ſplendore ſolis afficitur;</s>
              <s>ſic quoque mens noſtra à lumine di­
                <lb/>
              uinio obcęcatur. </s>
              <s>Sed dicam, quod ego de hoc ordine ſentio.</s>
              <s>is nunquàm ab Ariſtotele animad­
                <lb/>
              uerſus eſt, ſed aut ordinem ipſe naturæ, aut doctrinę approbauit.</s>
              <s>Neque hic progreſſus congruit
                <lb/>
              cum placitis Ariſtotelis, aut Platonis. </s>
              <s>(ſi modo antedictum ordinem ad doctrinæ ordinem referre
                <lb/>
              placeat, ut faciendum videtur.)</s>
              <s>ſiquidem Ariſtoteles conſtituit mathematicen in primo gradu
                <lb/>
              certitudinis,
                <expan abbr="eamq̀.">eamque</expan>
              ita facilem, ut à pueris
                <emph type="sup"/>
              i
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              etiam optimè diſcatur. </s>
              <s>Neque repugnat huic ſenten­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505m"/>
                <lb/>
              tiæ Plato, ſi
                <expan abbr="verũ">verum</expan>
              eſt id quòd in gymnaſij foribus inſcriptum fuerit.</s>
              <s>
                <foreign lang="grc">μηδεις ἀγεωμέτρηιος εἰδέτω</foreign>
              ideſt nullus geometriæ neſcius ingrediatur. </s>
              <s>quò factum eſt etiam, vt vbicunque res obſcurior ex­
                <lb/>
              plananda fuerit, ab vtroque exemplis mathematicis illuſtretur. </s>
              <s>Et Ariſtoteles ipſe in ſuis inſtitu­
                <lb/>
              tionibus ciuilibus
                <emph type="sup"/>
              k
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              iubeat pueris, vt ſe in mathematicis exerceant. </s>
              <s>non ita iudicat de naturalibus
                <arrow.to.target n="marg505n"/>
                <lb/>
              aut moralibus, quando maximum requirant vſum qui ſine longiore tempore non poteſt haberi.</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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