Buonamici, Francesco, De motu libri X

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            <p type="main">
              <pb pagenum="57"/>
              <s>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg506"/>
                <lb/>
              Tùm etiam eius forma non eſt, quoniam eius eſſet definitio: huius enim munus eſt explicare for­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg507"/>
                <lb/>
              mam. </s>
              <s>Sed eius eſt non definitio, verùm deſcriptio, nec forma igitur. </s>
              <s>Nec non ea quæ probantur,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg508"/>
                <lb/>
              externa ſunt, nec intrinſecus à rei ſubſtantia pendent. </s>
              <s>Et ad idem confirmandum valet auctoritas
                <lb/>
              Ariſtotelis aientis, principia mathematices eſſe per ſimilitudinem, neque propria. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              a
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
                <expan abbr="Idemq́.">Idemque</expan>
              non
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg509"/>
                <lb/>
              ſine cauſſa ab Ariſtotele acceptum; proptereà quòd omnes cauſſæ definiuntur per motum: effi­
                <lb/>
              ciens enim eſt principium motus, finis cuius gratia motus eſt, forma & materia ſunt naturæ; & mo­
                <lb/>
              tus igitur principia ſint neceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s>At verò mathematica ſunt immobilia. </s>
              <s>Et nullum igitur ibi
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg510"/>
                <lb/>
              cauſſæ genus exiſtit. </s>
              <s>Tùm etiam nulla affertur potiſsima demonſtratio. </s>
              <s>Siquidem definitio non
                <lb/>
              aſſumitur: & eſto quòd aſſumatur, ea non interna eſt, ſed externa. </s>
              <s>Quin etiam vna eſt cuiuſque
                <lb/>
              rei demonſtratio. </s>
              <s>Sed in his plures exhibentur; & recta, & quæ deducat ad id quod fieri nequit;
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg511"/>
                <lb/>
              & mediis adeò diuerſis eadem concluſio
                <expan abbr="cõprehenditur">comprehenditur</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>Mathematicæ quoque rationibus vtun­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg512"/>
                <lb/>
              tur quæ deducunt ad id quod fieri nequit: eæ verò non ſunt ex primis, ſed à ſigno. </s>
              <s>Poſtremò ve­
                <lb/>
              rè ſcientia tractat ſubſtantiam. </s>
              <s>proptereà tot philoſophiæ partes quot ſubſtantiæ. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              b
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Atqui mathe­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg513"/>
                <lb/>
              matice relinquit eam naturali. </s>
              <s>Cęterùm toto cęlo veteres
                <expan abbr="aberrãt">aberrant</expan>
              , nec de bono diſtinguere ſciunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>quandoquidem bonum duplex eſt honeſtum & honore dignum
                <foreign lang="grc">τὸ καλόν</foreign>
              Græci vocant, atque
                <lb/>
              alterum, cui conuenit laus; Græcè dicitur
                <foreign lang="grc">ἀγαθόν</foreign>
              honeſtum quidem propter ſe expetitur; lau­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg514"/>
                <lb/>
              dandum propter aliud expeti poteſt. </s>
              <s>honeſtum eſt in immobilibus alterum motu & actione
                <expan abbr="cõ-paratur">con­
                  <lb/>
                paratur</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>Nunc
                <expan abbr="contẽplatio">contemplatio</expan>
              ex honeſtis eſt; quippe quæ aliena eſt à motu. </s>
              <s>Quapropter
                <foreign lang="grc">ἠθιστήμη</foreign>
              ,
                <lb/>
              ſcientia vocata eſt à ſtatu,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              c
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              quòd ſedatis humoribus ætatis autem proceſſu id fit; & perturbationi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg515"/>
                <lb/>
              bus id quod præſtat virtus, nobis accedat, & id ita proprium ſapientię habitum eſt, vt M. Varro in
                <lb/>
              ſeriis quoque diſceptationibus imperet quietem. </s>
              <s>Romanus, inquiens, ſedendo ſapit. </s>
              <s>Hoc genere
                <lb/>
              boni præditæ ſunt mathematicæ; & verum continent, quòd per ſe expetendum eſt; & ex hiſce
                <lb/>
              principiis originem duxiſſe monſtrat id quòd otij vitandi gratia ſacerdotes apud Aegyptios in­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg516"/>
                <lb/>
              cubuerint mathematicis. </s>
              <s>Itaque ad illud. </s>
              <s>Omne bonum finis eſt, concedo. </s>
              <s>finis cuiuſdam actus
                <lb/>
              eſt finis; & id quoque do. </s>
              <s>Omnis actus cum motu: hoc verò nego. </s>
              <s>Sed actio vel imperfecta eſt,
                <lb/>
              vel perfecta. </s>
              <s>atque imperfecta quidem eſt cum motu; perfectam ſine motu conſiſtere poſſe pla­
                <lb/>
              num eſt. </s>
              <s>Et contemplatio eſt bonum honeſtum & actus, ſed ſine motu. </s>
              <s>Nunc
                <expan abbr="cõtra">contra</expan>
              iuniores ſeor­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg517"/>
                <lb/>
              ſum oſtendamus mathematicas eſſe ſcientias. </s>
              <s>Atque iam patet ex fine eas in ſcientiis eſſe nume­
                <lb/>
              randas. </s>
              <s>ſiquidem contemplatio, & veritas ſint ſcientiæ finis, aliquam verò partem contemplatio­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg518"/>
                <lb/>
              nis, & veritatis mathematicæ præſeferant. </s>
              <s>Perſuadet nos ordo rationum quibus ipſe vtuntur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg519"/>
                <lb/>
              Nam cùm ad tot capita vniuerſæ referantur, Rhetoricæ enim ſunt, aut Dialecticæ, aut demonſtra­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg520"/>
                <lb/>
              tiuæ. </s>
              <s>Sed non Rhetoricæ, non Dialecticæ,
                <expan abbr="demõſtratiuę">demonſtratiuę</expan>
              igitur: itaque ſcientiam faciunt. </s>
              <s>Prętereà
                <lb/>
              quinque ſunt habitus, quibus verum dicere contingit, mens, ſapientia, prudentia, ars, & ſcientia.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Sed mathematicæ non mens, non ſapientia, non prudentia, non ars. </s>
              <s>igitur ſcientia. </s>
              <s>Quin etiam
                <lb/>
              efficiuntur ex nobis & natura notis. </s>
              <s>ea verò ſunt natura priora & cauſſa. </s>
              <s>ex cauſsis autem, ſi con­
                <lb/>
              templatio veritatis proponatur; efficitur ſcientia. </s>
              <s>Accedunt & Ariſtotelis, & Ptolomæi ſententię;
                <lb/>
              Quoniam ille primam figuram ſcientiæ faciendę maximè accommodatam eſſe teſtatur,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              d
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              & ſępe
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg521"/>
                <lb/>
              auctoritate mathematicorum conditiones verę demonſtrationis explicat. </s>
              <s>Ptolomęus item cæte­
                <lb/>
              ris ſcientiis tribuit
                <foreign lang="grc">ευλογον</foreign>
              , probabile ſcilicet & veriſimile; certum & neceſſarium mathematicis.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Quòd ſi neceſſarium; & per ſe igitur;
                <expan abbr="idq́">idque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>in primo, vel in ſecundo modo; proptereà continent
                <lb/>
              quid eſt; quod eſt principium demonſtrationis. </s>
              <s>Et cùm mathematica ſint entia; vel ſunt cauſſæ
                <lb/>
              vel ex cauſsis: tale enim eſt rerum genus in natura, quod nullum certum materiæ ſenſilis genus
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg522"/>
                <lb/>
              ſibi vendicat: ergo ſunt obnoxia demonſtrationi. </s>
              <s>At verò vt rationes oppoſitæ diluantur, aduer­
                <lb/>
              tere oportet conſilium Philoſophi 4. Met. vnde ſcaturit omnis fallacia propemodum. </s>
              <s>Non te la­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg523"/>
                <lb/>
              tet ex his, quæ nos anteà ſcripſimus, ab eis qui præceſſerunt Ariſtoteli, mathematicen è
                <expan abbr="ſcientiarũ">ſcientiarum</expan>
                <lb/>
              numero eiectam fuiſſe, & habitam veluti philoſophiæ inſtrumentum, quod item reſpexiſſe vide­
                <lb/>
              tur præceptorum præceptor, dum 3. Met. probabiliter argumentatur in eis non eſſe bonum. </s>
              <s>Au­
                <lb/>
              diſti quoque ante Ariſtotelem fuiſſe ignotum genus illud ſubſtantiæ quod ab omni materiæ ſe­
                <lb/>
              cretum foret, & apodictice ſolùm ab Ariſtotele confectum. </s>
              <s>proinde non extitiſſe locum primæ
                <lb/>
              philoſophiæ, ſed primas ſibi vendicaſſe naturalem: ex quo effectum eſt, vt eo ſubſtantiarum ge­
                <lb/>
              nere comperto naturalis quę tunc erat prima, locum cederet alteri philoſophiæ,
                <expan abbr="eaq́">eaque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>iure optimo
                <lb/>
              prima haberetur, quòd de primis ſubſtantiis ageret; naturalis autem ſecunda, quia de ſecundo
                <lb/>
              ſubſtantiarum ordine diſputaret. </s>
              <s>Hæc quoniam confecta in phyſicis vt perſpicua ſtatuuntur: de
                <lb/>
              mathematicis erat diſſerendum, quod in eius philoſophiæ calce per actum eſt. </s>
              <s>Ergo cùm de ma­
                <lb/>
              thematicis eo tempore nil decretum fuiſſet; ex iis quæ tum conſtituta erant, accipit Ariſtoteles
                <lb/>
              tot eſſe ſcientias quot ſunt genera ſubſtantiarum, quaſi certum & confectum ex vi apodixeos, &
                <lb/>
              communiter approbatum, & ſine controuerſia receptum, duo ſcilicet eſſe ſubſtantiarum gene­
                <lb/>
              ra, necnon totidem ſcientias. </s>
              <s>quod fortè non dixiſſet Ariſtoteles, poſtquàm (id quod in extre­
                <lb/>
              mo illo volumine fecit) docuiſſet quemadmodum item bonum ad mathematica pertineret. </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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