Ibn-al-Haitam, al-Hasan Ibn-al-Hasan; Witelo; Risner, Friedrich, Opticae thesavrvs Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primùm editi. Eivsdem liber De Crepvscvlis & Nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis Thuvringopoloni Libri X. Omnes instaurati, figuris illustrati & aucti, adiectis etiam in Alhazenum commentarijs, a Federico Risnero, 1572

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div1923" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52144" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="474" file="0776" n="776" rhead="VITELLONIS OPTICAE LIBER X."/>
            apparent, qui ſecundũ ſitũ colorũ iridis nõ ſunt diſtincti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52145" xml:space="preserve"> Et iſtius ſignũ eſt:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52146" xml:space="preserve"> quòd ſi accipiatur cry-
              <lb/>
            ſtallus hexagona, & duę eius ſuperſicies cera rubea uel alia tegantur, ſic quòd inter illas duas tertia
              <lb/>
            ſuperficies maneat nõ opaca:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52147" xml:space="preserve"> tunc tribus alijs ſoli tranſeunti per ſoramen non magnum oppoſitis,
              <lb/>
            ſi locus operationis nõ ſit aliàs ualde luminoſus, & aliquod nigrũ ſupponatur:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52148" xml:space="preserve"> tunc uidebitur etiã
              <lb/>
            ex cryſtallo modica iris maxima & pulcherrima & coloris clariſsimi:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52149" xml:space="preserve"> quod fit propter aggregatio-
              <lb/>
            nem radiorum totius luminis ab omnibus ſuperficiebus ſuperioribus ad inferiores incidentis,
              <lb/>
            qui ad locum uicinũ unicum aggregantur.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52150" xml:space="preserve"> Si uerò illæ ſuperficies tres, quę nunc ſoli fuerunt oppo
              <lb/>
            ſitæ, inferiores fiant, & econuerſo aliæ tres ſuperiores:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52151" xml:space="preserve"> tunc iris quandoq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52152" xml:space="preserve"> una, quandoq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52153" xml:space="preserve"> nulla ap-
              <lb/>
            parebit.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52154" xml:space="preserve"> Et qui ludum iſtum iocoſum reuoluerit:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52155" xml:space="preserve"> inueniet, quę hic ſcripſimus, & etiam plura, quàm
              <lb/>
            per nos in tali ſolatio ſunt inuenta.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52156" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſi unã ex ſex ſuperficiebus dictis experimentans opacauerit:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52157" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            ille ſimilia per reuolutionẽ cryſtalli ad diuerſos ſitus inueniet.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52158" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſi cryſtallum oculo oppoſuerit, ſic
              <lb/>
            ut tres non opacatæ ſuperficies ad oculũ uertantur:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52159" xml:space="preserve"> per omnes tres oculo oppoſitas illam cerã ru-
              <lb/>
            beam uidebit.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52160" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſi reuoluerit cryſtallum coram oculo, plures occurrent diuerſitates, quas genera-
              <lb/>
            tionibus colorum applicare quis poterit:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52161" xml:space="preserve"> ſemper conſiderans umbrarum immixtionem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52162" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam
              <lb/>
            eadem eſt natura reflexionis formarum ad uiſum, & luminis, ad ea, quibus incidit.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52163" xml:space="preserve"> Non enim defer
              <lb/>
            tur color uel forma uiſibilis ad uiſum, niſi per naturam lucis, quæ eſt in ipſo:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52164" xml:space="preserve"> poteritq́;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52165" xml:space="preserve"> per experien
              <lb/>
            tiam his dictis multa addere diligens inquiſitor.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52166" xml:space="preserve"> Patet itaq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52167" xml:space="preserve"> propoſitum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52168" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div1924" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head1412" xml:space="preserve" style="it">84. Sub uaſe uitreo roiundo, pleno aqua, ſoli expoſito: colores ſimiles iridis coloribus uidẽtur.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52169" xml:space="preserve">Sit, ut exponatur ſoli uas uitreũ rotundum ad modum urinalis, plenũ aqua pura:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52170" xml:space="preserve"> dico quòd ue-
              <lb/>
            rum eſt, quod proponitur.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52171" xml:space="preserve"> Videntur enim in ſuperficie corporis ſuppoſiti illi corpori, ut in terræ ſu
              <lb/>
            perſicie uel in alio corpore colores ſimiles iridis coloribus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52172" xml:space="preserve"> quorũ generatio eſt propter uarias lu-
              <lb/>
            minis ſolis refractiones.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52173" xml:space="preserve"> Vt enim patet per 4 th.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52174" xml:space="preserve"> huius, fit una refractio ab aere ad uitrũ, alia quoq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52175" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            à uitro ad aquam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52176" xml:space="preserve"> & item alia ab aqua ad uitrum, & alia à uitro ad aerem ſubiectum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52177" xml:space="preserve"> quarum refra-
              <lb/>
            ctionum anguli ſunt diuerſi, ut patet per 8 huius.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52178" xml:space="preserve"> Secundum hos itaq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52179" xml:space="preserve"> refractionũ modos cum ad-
              <lb/>
            mixtione coloris ipſorum corporum diaphanorum & umbrarum proiectarum à corporibus, lumẽ
              <lb/>
            penetrat, & circulariter diffuſum uel fortè irre gulariter ſecundum corporum diaphanorũ conue-
              <lb/>
            xas ſuperficies, uarios uiſui præſentat colores diſtinctos ſecundum præmiſſas cauſſas.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52180" xml:space="preserve"> Quòd ſi uas
              <lb/>
            illud extrin ſecus aqua perfuſum fuerit:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52181" xml:space="preserve"> pulchriores colores uiſui præſentabit:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52182" xml:space="preserve"> quoniã tunc nume-
              <lb/>
            rus refractionum aliqualiter augetur, & ſimiliter numerus umbrarum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52183" xml:space="preserve"> Non ſunt autem hi colores
              <lb/>
            uerè colores iridis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52184" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam numerantur alio colorum numero quàm colores iridis, & non perue-
              <lb/>
            niunt ad uiſum per reflexionem quemadmodum colores iridis, ſed uidentur directè, ſicut & ipſum
              <lb/>
            lumen & alij colores.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52185" xml:space="preserve"> Patet itaq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52186" xml:space="preserve"> propoſitum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52187" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div1925" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head1413" xml:space="preserve" style="it">85. Speculo quocun ſub aqua ſoli expoſito: figura ſolis uidebitur quaſi duplicata.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52188" xml:space="preserve">In ſpeculo enim receptum lumen radiorum ſuper ſuperficiem aquæ perpendicularium, ſuperfi-
              <lb/>
            ciei uero ſpeculi obliquè incidentium, reflectitur à ſuperficie ſpeculi ad uiſum in loco reflexionis
              <lb/>
            exiſtentem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52189" xml:space="preserve"> & ſic offert uiſui figuram ſolis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52190" xml:space="preserve"> Lumen uero radiorum obliquè ſuperficiei aquę inciden
              <lb/>
            tium refringitur in ſuperficie aquæ ad perpendicularem, ductam à puncto incidentiæ ad ſuperficiẽ
              <lb/>
            aquæ per 4 th.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52191" xml:space="preserve"> huius.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52192" xml:space="preserve"> Cum itaq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52193" xml:space="preserve"> illa forma refracta peruenit ad ſpeculi ſuperficiem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52194" xml:space="preserve"> tunc ab illa ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficie, cui obliquè incidit, reflectitur iterũ ad uiſum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52195" xml:space="preserve"> apparentq́;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52196" xml:space="preserve"> duæ figuræ 4olis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52197" xml:space="preserve"> una maior pro-
              <lb/>
            pter ſimplicem reflexionem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52198" xml:space="preserve"> alia quoq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52199" xml:space="preserve"> minor propter refractionem, quę in medio denſiori minuit
              <lb/>
            figuram poſtmodum reflexam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52200" xml:space="preserve"> uideturq́;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52201" xml:space="preserve"> illa ſecunda figura ſolis, quaſi ſit forma ſtellæ ſequentis
              <lb/>
            corpus ſolis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52202" xml:space="preserve"> Eſt autem & ipſa forma ſolis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52203" xml:space="preserve"> quod patet:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52204" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam extra radium ſolis cum figura ſolis
              <lb/>
            à ſuperficie ſpeculi per ſe non reflectitu.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52205" xml:space="preserve"> Et hanc refractam formam accidit uideri.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52206" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſi planè ſpe-
              <lb/>
            culum ſub aqua deducatur in ſolis radium:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52207" xml:space="preserve"> tunc eadem numero forma, quæ prius ſub minori lumi-
              <lb/>
            ne fuit uiſa, uidebitur amplius, quàm prius, luminoſa:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52208" xml:space="preserve"> & ſecundum motum aquæ uidebitur moueri
              <lb/>
            circa reflexam figuram ſolis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52209" xml:space="preserve"> Patet ergo propoſitum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52210" xml:space="preserve"> Et quoniam nos diuinæ gratiæ ſuffragante
              <lb/>
            præſidio, tres propoſitos uidendi modos ſecundum omnem ipſorum, quatenus potuimus, diuerſi
              <lb/>
            tatem tranſcurrimus, nec condignum aliquid tantæ munificentiæ diuinæ bonitati red dere poſsi-
              <lb/>
            bile nobis eſt:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52211" xml:space="preserve"> ad illas tamen, quas poſſumus, gratiarum actiones conſurgimus ei, qui uerè trinus &
              <lb/>
            unus eſt:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52212" xml:space="preserve"> ſoli nihil in rebus entibus conforme, nihil coæternum, nihil æ quebonum æſtimantes:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52213" xml:space="preserve"> cui
              <lb/>
            ſit honor & gloria per infinita ſecula.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52214" xml:space="preserve"> Amen.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s52215" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div1926" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head1414" xml:space="preserve">VITELLONIS FILII THVRINGORVM ET POLO-
            <lb/>
          norum opticæ finis.</head>
          <head xml:id="echoid-head1415" xml:space="preserve">BASILE AE,
            <lb/>
          EX OFFICINA EPISCOPIANA, PER EVSEBIVM
            <lb/>
          Epiſcopium, & Nicolai F hæredes. Anno M. D. LXXII.
            <lb/>
          Menſe Auguſto.</head>
        </div>
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