Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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              perſed thorow the Lake, it ſhall maintain the waters in the ſame,
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              and in the Chanels much higher, as I ſhall prove hereafter; a
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              thing that will make Navigation commodious; and that, which
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              moreover is of great moment in our buſineſſe; thoſe Shelves
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              of Mud which now diſcover themſelves at the time of Low­
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              Waters ſhall be alwayes covered, ſo that the putrefaction of
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              the Air ſhall alſo be remedied.</s>
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              <s>And laſtly, this abundance of Water being alwayes to diſ­
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              charge it ſelf into the Sea by the Ports, I do not doubt, but that
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              their bottomes will be ſcoured. </s>
              <s>And that theſe effects muſt fol­
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              low, Nature her ſelf ſeemeth to perſwade, there remaining onely
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              one great doubt, whether that abundance of Water that ſhall be
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              brought into the Lake may be really ſufficient to make the Wa­
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              ters riſe ſo much as to keep the Shelves covered, and to facilitate
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              Navigation, which ought to be at leaſt half a ^{*} Brace, or there­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg970"/>
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              abouts. </s>
              <s>And indeed it ſeemeth at firſt ſight to be impoſſible,
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              that the ſole Water of the ^{*}
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              Brent
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              let into the Lake, and diſ­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg971"/>
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              perſed over the ſame, can occaſion ſo notable an height of water;
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              and the more to confirm the difficulties, one might ſay, reducing
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              the reaſon to calculation, that in caſe the
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              Brent
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              were 40. Bra­
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              ces broad, and two and an half high, and the breadth of the
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              Lake were 20000. Braces, it would ſeem neceſſary that the
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              height of the water of the
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              Brent
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              dilated and diſtended thorow
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              the Lake would be but onely 1/200 of a Brace in height, which is
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              imperceptible, and would be of no avail to our purpoſe; nay
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              more, it being very certain that the
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              Brent
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              runneth very muddy
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              and foul, this would occaſion very great miſchief, filling and
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              contracting the Lake, and for that reaſon this remedy ought, as
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              pernicious, to be totally excluded and condemned.</s>
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              * A
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              Venice
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              Brace
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              is 11/16 of our yard.</s>
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              * A River of
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              that name.</s>
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              <s>I here confeſſe that I am ſurprized at the forme of the Argu­
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              ment, as if I were in a certain manner convinced, that I dare not
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              adventure to ſay more, or open my mouth in this matter; but
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              the ſtrength it ſelf of the Argument, as being founded upon
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              the means of Geometrical and Arithmetical Calculation, hath
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              opened me the way to diſcover a very crafty fraud that is couch­
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              ed in the ſame Argument, which fraud I will make out to any
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              one that hath but any inſight in
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              Geometry
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              and
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              Arithmetick.
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              And as it is impoſſible, that ſuch an argument ſhould be produced
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              by any but ſuch as have taſted of theſe, in ſuch affairs, moſt pro­
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              fitable, and moſt neceſſary Sciences; ſo do not I pretend to make
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              my ſelf underſtood, ſave onely by ſuch, to whom I will evince
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              ſo clearly, as that more it cannot be deſired, the errour and fraud
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              wherein thoſe Ancients and Moderns have been, and alwayes
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              are intangled, that have in any way yet handled this matter of
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              conſidering the Meaſure and Quantity of the Waters that move. </s>
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