Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003605">
                <pb pagenum="437" xlink:href="016/01/086.jpg"/>
              naturalis generatio promptior eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003606">Accedit
                <lb/>
              quòd montium vires non exhauriuntur li­
                <lb/>
              gonibus, raſtris, aratro: nec vllo modo ho­
                <lb/>
              minum induſtria perſpirate coguntur. </s>
              <s id="s.003607">Eſt
                <lb/>
              etiam montium ſolidior ſubſtantia, vnde ca­
                <lb/>
              lor ille melius continetur, qui in agris ob
                <lb/>
              terræ mollitiem difflatur. </s>
              <s id="s.003608">Eſſe autem calo­
                <lb/>
              rem illum cœleſtem, iam docuimus, tum
                <lb/>
              quia igneus, ac putridus parum alter, reli­
                <lb/>
              quus nulla ex parte generationi vtilis eſt,
                <lb/>
              tum etiam, quod videmus, in Oriente, & Me­
                <lb/>
              ridie gemmas nobiliores & aurum perfectiſ­
                <lb/>
              ſimum magis generari. </s>
              <s id="s.003609">Quinetiam ſi quis
                <lb/>
              eiuſdem generis gemmas conferat in Orien­
                <lb/>
              te, ac Meridie genitas, vt carbunculos &
                <lb/>
              amethyſtos, cum his quos Germania mittit,
                <lb/>
              mirum in modum differre, & duritie, &
                <lb/>
              ſplendore animaduertet, atque adeò vehe­
                <lb/>
              menter, vt non eiuſdem generis eſſe putet.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg450"/>
                <lb/>
              Cauſa eſt, quòd Oriens calidior ſit, & humi­
                <lb/>
              dior, pinguiórque. </s>
              <s id="s.003610">Ergo ſi ſeminibus hæc
                <lb/>
              generarentur, aut igneus ille calor eſſet, aut
                <lb/>
              putridus, quandoquidem & in Iſlandia inſu­
                <lb/>
              la ſub Septentrione ardeant montes, quòd
                <lb/>
              prohiberet perfectiſſimas gemmas generari,
                <lb/>
              tum etiam auro abundare? </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003611">
                <margin.target id="marg449"/>
              Cur in mon­
                <lb/>
              tibus metal­
                <lb/>
              lica generen­
                <lb/>
              tur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003612">
                <margin.target id="marg450"/>
              Cauſa cur
                <lb/>
              aurum &
                <lb/>
              gemmæ in
                <lb/>
              oriente, &
                <lb/>
              meridie ma­
                <lb/>
              gis generen­
                <lb/>
              tur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003613">Sunt etiam in montibus niues, & diutur­
                <lb/>
              na glacies, quæ calorem in imo recundunt,
                <lb/>
              & læta omnia ob id faciunt, cùm in campis
                <lb/>
              calor diſſoluatur ab aëris externo calore:
                <lb/>
              quò fit vt ad montes redeam, vt hi metalli­
                <lb/>
              corum generationi ſint magis parati, Nec
                <lb/>
              etiam illorum vis arboribus, herbiſve exina­
                <lb/>
              nitur: ſteriles enim magis ſunt, montes cam­
                <lb/>
              pis, etiamſi ſint fertiliſſimi. </s>
              <s id="s.003614">Aqua etiam &
                <lb/>
              humidum ob accliuem ſitum magis defluunt
                <lb/>
              ex montibus, quorum copia in ſuperficie
                <lb/>
              agrorum, generatio metallorum impe­
                <lb/>
              ditur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003615">At dices: modò inter cauſas cur campi
                <lb/>
              metallica non gignant, enumeraſti, quòd
                <lb/>
              humidum abſumitur, modò humidi copiam
                <lb/>
              in eis rurſus metallicorum generationi ob­
                <lb/>
              ſtare cenſes. </s>
              <s id="s.003616">Et hercle vtrunque verum eſt:
                <lb/>
              nam humidum pingue, quò magis abun­
                <lb/>
              dat, eò fertilius redditur ſolum, non ſo­
                <lb/>
              lùm metallorum, ſed & plantarum: aqueum
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg451"/>
                <lb/>
              autem impedit. </s>
              <s id="s.003617">Cauſa huius eſt, quòd
                <lb/>
              humidum generationi aptum, calidum
                <lb/>
              etiam eſſe oportet. </s>
              <s id="s.003618">Aqueum autem humi­
                <lb/>
              dum, frigidum eſt, & concoctioni con­
                <lb/>
              tumax. </s>
              <s id="s.003619">Ideò calidæ regiones, vbi abunda­
                <lb/>
              uerint aquis, omnes fertiliſſimæ: quoniam
                <lb/>
              aqueum humidum calore Solis celeriter in
                <lb/>
              pingue tranſint: in frigidis verò locis
                <lb/>
              aqua multa ſterilitatem parit, & agros re­
                <lb/>
              frigerat. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003620">
                <margin.target id="marg451"/>
              Humidum
                <lb/>
              pingue gene­
                <lb/>
              rationi ido­
                <lb/>
              neum, a­
                <lb/>
              queum in­
                <lb/>
              utile.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003621">Eadémque ratio fermè eſt in temporibus,
                <lb/>
              Nam Prata æſtate gaudent aquis: hyeme
                <lb/>
              autem tardiùs pullulare herbas, facit irri­
                <lb/>
              gatio aſſidua: itaque conſtat campos, ſi ad
                <lb/>
              montes comparentur, aquei humidi plus ha­
                <lb/>
              bere, & minùs pinguis. </s>
              <s id="s.003622">Itaque & montes
                <lb/>
              arborum, & vitium feraces, vix metallicis
                <lb/>
              abundare videbis, niſi in profundo, quòd
                <lb/>
              pingue humidum à plantis abſumatur: vbi
                <lb/>
              verò lapides maximi & ſolidi, humidum diu
                <lb/>
              ſaxis contentum, ac tenuiſſimum diſtillans,
                <lb/>
              concreſcit in nobiles gemmas. </s>
              <s id="s.003623">Et ob id
                <lb/>
              ſplendidiores gemmæ
                <expan abbr="plerũque">plerunque</expan>
              inter duriſſi­
                <lb/>
              ma, & maxima ſaxa inueniuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.003624">Illud etiam
                <lb/>
              tot montium commodis ad metallicorum ge­
                <lb/>
              nerationem adiicitur, quòd montes vbi du­
                <lb/>
              centis, aut trecentis paſſibus effoderis, ad­
                <lb/>
              huc ſuper terra eſſe dicere te poſſis: atque
                <lb/>
              inde aquas à latere, & terram iam effoſſam
                <lb/>
              faciliùs deriuare ac transferre, In plano
                <lb/>
              rurſus hic labor duplicatus eſt: nec vt in
                <lb/>
              montibus ruinis locum licet patefacere, nec
                <lb/>
              facilè diuinare potes vbi metallica ia­
                <lb/>
              ceant, nec inuenta perſequi, vt in edito lo­
                <lb/>
              co, quoniam nullis ſignis à lateribus iuuari
                <lb/>
              potes. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003625">His tot tantiſque cauſis planis pauci ope­
                <lb/>
              ram dant, etſi vbique ſint metallica: mon­
                <lb/>
              tibus plurimi excauandis incumbunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003626">Nam
                <lb/>
              labor vnus eſt, inueniſſe locum & genus me­
                <lb/>
              talli: alter longè maior, truncum fodinæ
                <lb/>
              ſcire. </s>
              <s id="s.003627">Hoc autem ex editiore loco cognouiſ­
                <lb/>
              ſe ſolùm, laborioſiſſimum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003628">Etenim vt al­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg452"/>
                <lb/>
              tius rem ipſam repetam, quum ſub terra (vt
                <lb/>
              dixi
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              paſſim aquæ riuuli fluant, ac rurſus
                <lb/>
              ſub aqua terra, in qua plerunque metallica
                <lb/>
              in planis iacent, rurſus etiam ſub terra il­
                <lb/>
              la aquam plerique eſſe exiſtimant, vt etiam
                <lb/>
              ſub imo maris aquas dulces aliqui eſſe
                <lb/>
              crediderint, quamvis difficili experimen­
                <lb/>
              to: aliáſque vt audio fruſtra tentatum Ve­
                <lb/>
              netiis, nondum conſtante quæſito, an ſub
                <lb/>
              priore aqua alia ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.003629">Cuius rei argumentum
                <lb/>
              mihi eſſe videtur, quòd homini etiam in
                <lb/>
              imo corporis venæ ſint. </s>
              <s id="s.003630">Et Arethuſam flu­
                <lb/>
              uium referunt ab Elide ſub Alphei nomine
                <lb/>
              venientem emergere in Sicilia iuxta Syracu­
                <lb/>
              ſas mari præteruectum. </s>
              <s id="s.003631">Sunt qui fontem A­
                <lb/>
              rethuſam vocent potius quam fluuium. </s>
              <s id="s.003632">Aquę
                <lb/>
              etiam inſulis dulces id perſuadere poſſunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003633">Denique cùm in montium iugis aquam,
                <lb/>
              tum in imo etiam emergere videamus, quid
                <lb/>
              aliud de terra poſſumus coniectari? </s>
              <s id="s.003634">cùm
                <lb/>
              mons, ſeu terrâ ſit ſepultus, ſeu emineat,
                <lb/>
              eandem habeat rationem, in eóque indicio
                <lb/>
              hoc argumentum demonſtrat. </s>
              <s id="s.003635">Quid autem
                <lb/>
              prohibuerit, ne Venetiis aquam inuenerint
                <lb/>
              dulcem, non ſat ſcio. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003636">
                <margin.target id="marg452"/>
              An ſub aqua
                <lb/>
              prima quæ
                <lb/>
              ſub terra eſt,
                <lb/>
              alia ſit
                <lb/>
              aqua.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003637">Sed ſunt qui etiam modicum aquæ dulcis
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg453"/>
                <lb/>
              hauriant è mari, auctore Ariſtotele, nec fal­
                <lb/>
              ſo experimento. </s>
              <s id="s.003638">Demittitur enim vaſculum
                <lb/>
              cereum ſatis craſſum, & vndique occluſum,
                <lb/>
              quòd vbi diu in mari manſerit, aquam ad­
                <lb/>
              mittit, ſal non admittit, inde dulcis aqua,
                <lb/>
              & potui commoda extrahitur: nam aqua
                <lb/>
              dum tenuis eſt, ingreditur: ſal quòd terre­
                <lb/>
              ſtre ſit, prohibetur à cera. </s>
              <s id="s.003639">Inuentum refe­
                <lb/>
              runt quod ſalem trahat velut lactis pinguius
                <lb/>
              à coagulo, magno nauium commodo, ſi ve­
                <lb/>
              rum ſit, cùm ex ſalſa vbique dulcem aquam
                <lb/>
              efficere liceat. </s>
              <s id="s.003640">Neque valde mirum, ſalem
                <lb/>
              trahi ac cogi, cùm attractio in lacte (vt do­
                <lb/>
              cebimus)
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              proprietate, ſed calore fiat. </s>
              <s id="s.003641">Dul­
                <lb/>
              cis igitur aqua tot modis ex ſalſa conficitur,
                <lb/>
              quot modis à ſale aqua purgari poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003642">Poteſt
                <lb/>
              autem tribus modis: ſi deſcendat, ſi cogatur,
                <lb/>
              ſi percoletur. </s>
              <s id="s.003643">Forſan & quartum quendam
                <lb/>
              modum licebit inuenire, ſcilicet, ſi actis
                <lb/>
              vis ſalis obtundatur. </s>
              <s id="s.003644">Sed in pauco forſan
                <lb/>
              poſſibile eſt, in multo fieri non poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003645">Di­
                <lb/>
              ximus nunc, tum aliàs, quomodo percole­
                <lb/>
              tur: vt verò imum petat, longa quies facit,
                <lb/>
              ſed antea putreſcit: reliquum eſt igitur, vt </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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