Galilei, Galileo
,
The systems of the world
,
1661
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that a ſilver plate boiled, being toucht with the Burniſher,
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cometh of white obſcure; that the moiſt part of the Earth ſhews
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more obſcure than the dry; that in the tops of Hills, the woody
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parts appear more gloomy than the naked and barren; which
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hapneth becauſe there falleth very much ſhadow among the Trees,
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but the open places are illuminated all over by the Sun. </
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>And this
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mixtion of ſhadow hath ſuch operation, that in tuſted velvet, the
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ſilk which is cut, is of a far darker colour than that which is not
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cut, by means of the ſhadows diffuſed betwixt thred and thred,
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and a plain velvet ſhews much blacker than a Taffata, made of the
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ſame ſilk. </
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>So that if there were in the Moon things which ſhould
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look like great Woods, their aſpect might repreſent unto us the
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ſpots which we diſcover; alike difference would be occaſioned, if
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there were Seas in her: and laſtly, nothing hindreth, but that thoſe
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ſpots may really be of an obſcurer colour than the reſt; for thus
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the ſnow makes the mountains ſhew brighter. </
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<
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>That which is
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ly obſerved in the Moon is, that its moſt obſcure parts are all
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plains, with few riſes and bancks in them; though ſome there be;
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the reſt which is of a brighter colour, is all full of rocks,
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tains, hillocks of ſpherical and other figures; and in particular, round
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about the ſpots are very great ledges of mountains. </
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<
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>That the
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ſpots be plain ſuperficies, we have aſſuredproof, in that we ſee,
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how that the term which diſtinguiſheth the part illuminated from
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the obſcure, in croſſing the ſpots makes the interſection even, but
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in the clear parts it ſhews all craggy and ſhagged. </
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>But I know not
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as yet whether this evenneſſe of ſuperficies may be ſufficient of it
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ſelf alone, to make the obſcurity appear, and I rather think not.
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>Beſides, I account the Moon exceeding different from the Earth;
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for although I imagine to my ſelf that thoſe are not idle and dead
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Regions, yet I affirm not, that there are in them motion and life,
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much leſs that there are bred plants, animals or other things like
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to ours; but, if ſuch there be, they ſhould nevertheleſs be very
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different, and remote from our imagination. </
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>And I am induced ſo
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to think, becauſe in the firſt place, I eſteem that the matter of the
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Lunar Globe conſiſts not of Earth and Water; and this alone
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ſufficeth to take away the generations and alterations reſembling
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ours: but now ſuppoſing that there were in the Moon, Water and
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Earth, yet would they not produce plants and animals like to
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ours; and this for two principal reaſons: The firſt is, that unto our
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productions there are required ſo many variable aſpects of the Sun,
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that without them they would all miſcarry: now the habitudes of
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the Sun towards the Earth are far different from thoſe towards
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the Moon. </
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<
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>We as to the diurnal illumination, have, in the greater
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part of the Earth, every twenty four hours part day, and part
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night, which effect in the Moon is monethly: and that annual </
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