Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003802">
                <pb pagenum="441" xlink:href="016/01/090.jpg"/>
              tem hoc in medicis tractationibus, quòd
                <lb/>
              ſolùm
                <expan abbr="viuẽtia">viuentia</expan>
              operationem habent. </s>
              <s id="s.003803">Viuunt
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              etiam elementa quoquo modo ( vt dictum
                <lb/>
              eſt ) cùm ad proprias regiones ſpontè fe­
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              rantur, miſta autem omnia longè meliore
                <lb/>
              vita: nam natura ſemper melius aliquid
                <lb/>
              intendit, quàm id ex quo conſtituit. </s>
              <s id="s.003804">Ob id
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              igitur Simplicio haud crediderim dicenti, vt
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              ab Herculeo lapide ferrum trahitur, ita exi­
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              ſtimari aurum ab oſſe piſcis milui trahi.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003805">Hoc enim quod in Phyſicis expoſitionibus
                <lb/>
              ſcripſit, rationi repugnat, quandoquidem os
                <lb/>
              illud non viuit. </s>
              <s id="s.003806">Oſtenſum eſt autem omnem
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg479"/>
                <lb/>
              operationem eſſe viuentis, & vt viuit. </s>
              <s id="s.003807">Nam
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              etſi elementa etiam viuant, hoc opus ele­
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              mentorum haud eſſe poteſt, ſed attractio
                <lb/>
              propriæ cuiuſdam rei. </s>
              <s id="s.003808">Viuentis eſt vita, quæ
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              nutrimento ſaltem vtatur: at os piſcis non
                <lb/>
              viuit, cùm detraxeris ab animali, vitæ eo ge­
                <lb/>
              nere quod nutrimento vtitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003809">Sublata enim
                <lb/>
              anima eſt, ſentiens manifeſtè: at hæc nu­
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              trici eadem eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003810">Itaque adeò hac in demon­
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              ſtratione confido, vt quamvis non ſim ex­
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              pertus, auſim tamen dicere, impoſſibile eſſe,
                <lb/>
              vt os milui piſcis aurum non ſecus, ac fer­
                <lb/>
              rum Herculeus lapis trahat: à viuente au­
                <lb/>
              tem re alia quapiam, vt lapide, aut animali,
                <lb/>
              vel arbore, quamdiu vixerit, hoc fieri pro­
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              culdubio poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003811">Quòd ſi quis obiiciat, quòd
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg480"/>
                <lb/>
              aculeus paſtinaceæ dolorem dentium tollat,
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              ſi ex eo gingiua ſacrificetur. </s>
              <s id="s.003812">Reſpondemus,
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              vim hanc quæ illi potentia, non actu ineſt,
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              non aliter quàm cantharidarum exulceran­
                <lb/>
              tem, ad actum ab animæ humanæ facultate
                <lb/>
              deduci, Deinde dolorem magnum affert hic
                <lb/>
              aculeus: dolor autem dolorem obſcurat, cùm
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              non in eadem parte fuerit, vt inquit Hippo­
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              crates, adeò vt acris dolor gingiuæ, dolorem
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              dentes haberet. </s>
              <s id="s.003813">Auocat & ob propinquita­
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              tem doloris cauſam, quæ plerunque eſt in
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              neruo denti inſito: nec hoc ſemper, neque
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              omnibus contingit. </s>
              <s id="s.003814">Itaque vires viuentibus
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              cùm tantùm actu ſint, lapidibus qui vires
                <lb/>
              habent animam ineſſe neceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003815">Sed dices,
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              Hoc tamen Philoſophus negat. </s>
              <s id="s.003816">Sed qui la­
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              pides, aut generari, aut augeri concedunt,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg481"/>
                <lb/>
              fateri etiam oportet illos viuere: facultatis
                <lb/>
              enim vegetatricis hæc communia ſunt, teſte
                <lb/>
              Galeno, generari, nutriri, & augeri. </s>
              <s id="s.003817">Vide­
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              tur etiam natura ſenſim ab extremo ad ex­
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              tremum tranſire, connectereque diſtincta
                <lb/>
              longius mediis ipſis: velut inter id quod non
                <lb/>
              nutritur, nec viuit, quodque viuit & nutri­
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              tur, medium conſtitui poterat quod viueret
                <lb/>
              & non nutriretur, quoque nutriretur, &
                <lb/>
              non viueret. </s>
              <s id="s.003818">At non viuere, & nutriri quic­
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              quam non poterat, cùm facultas eſſet abſ­
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              que ſubiecto principioque. </s>
              <s id="s.003819">Oportebat igitur
                <lb/>
              medium potius eſſe quod non nutriretur &
                <lb/>
              viueret. </s>
              <s id="s.003820">Nam principium eſſe abſque facul­
                <lb/>
              tate in his quæ natura læſa ſunt, contingit:
                <lb/>
              tales igitur lapides erunt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003821">
                <margin.target id="marg479"/>
              Ratio de­
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              monſtrans
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              contra Sim­
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              plicium
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              quod os piſ­
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              cis milui au­
                <lb/>
              rum non tra­
                <lb/>
              hit.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003822">
                <margin.target id="marg480"/>
              Paſtinacæ
                <lb/>
              aculus dolo­
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              rem dentium
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              tollit.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003823">
                <margin.target id="marg481"/>
              1.Mag.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003824">Mor. </s>
              <s id="s.003825">cap.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003826">Ergo metallica in montibus non ſecus ar­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg482"/>
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              bores iacent, cùm radicibus ſuis trunco, ra­
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              mis, pluribus foliis: & ſunt tenues quæ­
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              dam partes nonnunquam floribus ac fructi­
                <lb/>
              bus: carent enim pleræque fructibus & flo­
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              ribus, cùm videamus, & hoc etiam plan­
                <lb/>
              tis contingere, quæ in puteis naſcuntur, &
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              in vmbra, vel arido nimis loco, vt adianto,
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              ſcolopendro, licheni, & non paucis capri­
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              ficis, cùm in muris naſcuntur: palàm enim
                <lb/>
              eſt fructus & flores luxuriantis arboris ac
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg483"/>
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              fœcundæ eſſe ſigna. </s>
              <s id="s.003827">Fœcunditatis tum ab
                <lb/>
              humore, tum à calore Solis fit. </s>
              <s id="s.003828">Ob id igitur
                <lb/>
              nil mirum metallicis flores & fructus ſæ­
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              pius deeſſe, cùm Sol ſemper, humor etiam
                <lb/>
              copioſus plerunque deſit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003829">
                <margin.target id="marg482"/>
              Metallica
                <lb/>
              quomodo in
                <lb/>
              montibus ia­
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              ceant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003830">
                <margin.target id="marg483"/>
              Cur metal­
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              lica plerum­
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              que careant
                <lb/>
              floribus &
                <lb/>
              fructu.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003831">Vbi verò abundent metallica, ſi velis de­
                <lb/>
              præhendere, certis & non paucis opus eſt
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg484"/>
                <lb/>
              coniecturis. </s>
              <s id="s.003832">Oſtendit primò ferax prouincia,
                <lb/>
              vt nunc argenti Germania. </s>
              <s id="s.003833">Sic in Italia ar­
                <lb/>
              gentum vix, aurum nullo modo effodere li­
                <lb/>
              cet. </s>
              <s id="s.003834">Vt igitur in fœcunda regione plures
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              fœcundi agri, ita in feracis metallorum
                <lb/>
              prouincia plerique montes etiam præter
                <lb/>
              ſpem metalla ferunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003835">Montes etiam altiſſi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg485"/>
                <lb/>
              mi vt ad eruendum ſunt difficiliores, ita
                <lb/>
              ad largiendum ſunt liberaliores: rarò enim
                <lb/>
              in humilioribus collibus materia hæc co­
                <lb/>
              pioſa inuenitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003836">Plerumque verò montium
                <lb/>
              cacumina, quæ ad meridiem tendunt, radi­
                <lb/>
              cibus ad Boream ſpectantibus, argumentum
                <lb/>
              metalli præbent; & maximè argenti, cuius
                <lb/>
              fodinæ feraciores rectà ex Oriente in Occi­
                <lb/>
              dentem tendere ſolent. </s>
              <s id="s.003837">Qui etiam montes
                <lb/>
              ſunt in calidis regionibus, gemmarum ſunt
                <lb/>
              feraciores: quòd in meridie, humor magis
                <lb/>
              ſiccetur & attenuetur: & ob id ſiccitate la­
                <lb/>
              pides, at tenuitate gemmæ generantur, mul­
                <lb/>
              tò autem humore & craſſo metalla fiunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003838">Hic autem iuxta Septentriones viget. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003839">
                <margin.target id="marg484"/>
              Quomodo
                <lb/>
              metallica
                <lb/>
              abundare in
                <lb/>
              montibus de
                <lb/>
              præhenda­
                <lb/>
              mus 15. in­
                <lb/>
              diciis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003840">
                <margin.target id="marg485"/>
              Curmeridies
                <lb/>
              gemmis Bo­
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              reas metal­
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              lis, abundent
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              magis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003841">Montes etiam ſteriles omnes metallici
                <lb/>
              ſunt, duabus ex cauſis: nam humor abſumi­
                <lb/>
              tur intus vnde plantæ generari nequeunt, &
                <lb/>
              mali halitus iam natas etiam plantas occi­
                <lb/>
              dunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003842">Color etiam montium, & lapidum, ac
                <lb/>
              terræ, non ſolùm metallica eſſe docet, ſed &
                <lb/>
              qualia ſint: viridis fit ære, niger ab argen­
                <lb/>
              to, & auro, purpureus à pyritide, liuidus à
                <lb/>
              plumbo & ferro, luridus à calchanto &
                <lb/>
              eiuſmodi ſiccis, cinereus & obſcurus à ſul­
                <lb/>
              phure. </s>
              <s id="s.003843">Oſtendit & odor: cùm enim duos
                <lb/>
              montis eiuſdem lapides ſimul attriueris, ſi
                <lb/>
              metallum monti ſubeſt, olent ſulphuris non
                <lb/>
              parum. </s>
              <s id="s.003844">Ob quod falsò creditum eſt, metalla
                <lb/>
              ſulphure conſtare, cùm ſit hic odor excre­
                <lb/>
              menti metallici, & ſuperfluæ coctionis in­
                <lb/>
              dicium. </s>
              <s id="s.003845">Grauiores etiam lapides, aut terra
                <lb/>
              quàm ratio poſtulet, certum eſt metallicæ
                <lb/>
              materiæ argumentum. </s>
              <s id="s.003846">Si etiam aliqua par­
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              te nimis ſplendeant, vel ſi ſolidi careant
                <lb/>
              omni ſplendore, ſubeſſe metalli materiam
                <lb/>
              certò ſcias: demum ſi igni liquefeceris, de­
                <lb/>
              præhendes ſimul & metallum eſſe, & genus
                <lb/>
              illius, & quantitatem. </s>
              <s id="s.003847">Aquæ etiam effluen­
                <lb/>
              tes leuem quandam huius coniecturam af­
                <lb/>
              ferunt: quæ ſi odorem, aut colorem, aut præ­
                <lb/>
              ſe ferant alienum, haud dubiè metallum in
                <lb/>
              monte eſſe pronunciabis. </s>
              <s id="s.003848">Fundum etiam al­
                <lb/>
              uei diligenter explorabis, nam partem me­
                <lb/>
              talli inuenies: vix enim fieri poteſt, vt lon­
                <lb/>
              go temporis ſucceſſu aliquid ſemper adden­
                <lb/>
              te die, ex deſcenſu grauioris partis, veſtium
                <lb/>
              metalli non appareat. </s>
              <s id="s.003849">Mons etiam rimo­
                <lb/>
              ſus, propter halitus acres metallicorum
                <lb/>
              fit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003850">Sunt etiam plantæ quæ metallorum ſo­
                <lb/>
              cietate gaudent: & vt rariores ſunt, quæ
                <lb/>
              metallis gaudent, eò ſi adſint
                <expan abbr="euidẽtius">euidentius</expan>
              teſti-</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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