Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003899">
                <pb pagenum="443" xlink:href="016/01/092.jpg"/>
              thryalides prolucernis. </s>
              <s id="s.003900">Videbuntur hæc qui­
                <lb/>
              buſdam incredibilia dictu quæ tamen non
                <lb/>
              ſolùm vera, ſed etiam neceſſaria ſunt, ac fa­
                <lb/>
              cilia inuentu. </s>
              <s id="s.003901">Nam cùm omnes fermè lapi­
                <lb/>
              des igni præſertim haud diuturno reſiſtant,
                <lb/>
              ſquamoſi plerunque nentur ob fila. </s>
              <s id="s.003902">Si igitur
                <lb/>
              neas iam igni materiam contumacem, map­
                <lb/>
              pas, mantilia, & thryalides efficere licebit,
                <lb/>
              ignibus non obnoxias. </s>
              <s id="s.003903">Texi verò quæcun­
                <lb/>
              que nentur, quis dubitat? </s>
              <s id="s.003904">vnde etiam non
                <lb/>
              ſolum ex lino & canabe, ſed ex ſparto quo­
                <lb/>
              que, ſeu geniſta mappæ conficiuntur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003905">Nunc geniſta vtimur ſolùm ad verrendum:
                <lb/>
              ſed ſi artifex non deſit, vtilis eſt etiam ad
                <lb/>
              conficienda lintea: quicquid enim ductile
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg495"/>
                <lb/>
              eſt, nere licet: quòd nere licet, licet & texere.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003906">Ductile verò eſt, quicquid humido conſtat
                <lb/>
              tenaci, ac minimè fragili. </s>
              <s id="s.003907">Alumini verò
                <lb/>
              plumæ non tantum ineſt ſucci, vt nere
                <lb/>
              poſſis. </s>
              <s id="s.003908">Neque igitur pro miraculo ducen­
                <lb/>
              dum, quòd turris lignea ignibus immiſſis
                <lb/>
              extiterit incorrupta, hoc aluminis genere
                <lb/>
              inſperſa,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg496"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003909">
                <margin.target id="marg492"/>
              Succus atris
                <lb/>
              & potens.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003910">
                <margin.target id="marg493"/>
              Alumen Ro­
                <lb/>
              chæ, & eius
                <lb/>
              vires.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003911">
                <margin.target id="marg494"/>
              Alumen
                <lb/>
              Scaiolæ.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003912">Alumen plu­
                <lb/>
              mæ.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003913">Ellychnia
                <lb/>
              quæ haud
                <lb/>
              conſumun­
                <lb/>
              tur, & map­
                <lb/>
              pæ, ab igne.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003914">
                <margin.target id="marg495"/>
              Geniſta vti­
                <lb/>
              lis ad confi­
                <lb/>
              cienda lin­
                <lb/>
              tea.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003915">
                <margin.target id="marg496"/>
              Bituminis
                <lb/>
              genera 12.
                <lb/>
              nobiliora.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003916">Sed nec minor virtus bitumini quàm
                <lb/>
              alumini: verùm non vnum genus illius, ſed
                <lb/>
              eſt quòd propriè aſphaltum dicitur, & piſ­
                <lb/>
              ſa ſphaltum, & napta, Gagates, Ampelites,
                <lb/>
              Maltha, Thracius lapis, carbones foſſiles,
                <lb/>
              ſuccinum, ambra, petroleum, camphora. </s>
              <s id="s.003917">Et
                <lb/>
              de omnibus ſatis conuenit, præterquam de
                <lb/>
              camphora, ſunt qui caphuram vocent: ma­
                <lb/>
              num do, in ius non voco, de re ipſa eſt du­
                <lb/>
              bitatio: nomen tibi, quicunque es adeò
                <lb/>
              faſtidioſus, concinnandum relinquo. </s>
              <s id="s.003918">Cùm
                <arrow.to.target n="marg497"/>
                <lb/>
              igitur in ea ligna inueniant, lachrymam
                <lb/>
              arboris, Capar nomine, quæ in inſula Bu­
                <lb/>
              tei, aliàs Zebut vocata (hæc ab æquinoctia­
                <lb/>
              li Boream verſus partibus quinque cum
                <lb/>
              quadrante diſtat, à Fortunatis centum octo­
                <lb/>
              ginta ſex ) prouenit, potius quàm bitumen
                <lb/>
              eſſe credunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003919">Veruntamen ſi ſuccinum ar­
                <lb/>
              deat, quòd bitumen proculdubio eſt, aqua­
                <lb/>
              que, madida mappa fumus excipiatur, cam­
                <lb/>
              phoram olet. </s>
              <s id="s.003920">Sed medico non multum re­
                <lb/>
              fert hoc ſcire, ſed quòd camphora, ſuccinum
                <lb/>
              & ambra, è bituminis genere ſint. </s>
              <s id="s.003921">Atque
                <lb/>
              ea de cauſa etiam ſi quid horum fluat ex ar­
                <lb/>
              boribus, nil prohibet quin etiam ei ſimile
                <lb/>
              in terræ viſceribus generetur. </s>
              <s id="s.003922">Sed videtur
                <lb/>
              camphora ex arboribus primam originem
                <lb/>
              ducere. </s>
              <s id="s.003923">Non tamen adeò alba natura eſt, ſed
                <lb/>
              deſtillatione talis fit. </s>
              <s id="s.003924">Deſtillatio enim deal­
                <lb/>
              bare ſolet, non tantùm quia ſordes omnes
                <lb/>
              detrahat, ſed quia ſubſtantiam raram efficit,
                <lb/>
              atque ideò aëri peruiam. </s>
              <s id="s.003925">Camphora igitur
                <lb/>
              eſt immodicè ſicca, adeò vt in ſinu virginum
                <lb/>
              geſtata, iuuenes ad Venerem reddat impo­
                <lb/>
              tentes. </s>
              <s id="s.003926">Eadem ſiccat vlcera, & dealbat; te­
                <lb/>
              nuiſſimæ enim eſt ſubſtantiæ, hiſque de cau­
                <lb/>
              ſis etiam ſomnum arcet. </s>
              <s id="s.003927">Gagatem vocat
                <lb/>
              vulgus ambram nigram. </s>
              <s id="s.003928">Fiunt globuli pro
                <lb/>
              precibus: ſplendet & lucidus eſt, adeò vt à
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg498"/>
                <lb/>
              pluribus inter lapides numeretur: niger co­
                <lb/>
              los, trahitque paleas: ex Hiſſpania peregri­
                <lb/>
              ni imagines ad nos ferunt: ardet, hoc enim
                <lb/>
              omni bituminis generi commune eſt, Fer­
                <lb/>
              tur virgines, epotus cum aqua, non cogere
                <lb/>
              ad migendum, corruptas cogere: res pro­
                <lb/>
              pior fabulæ, quàm veriſimili. </s>
              <s id="s.003929">Quaſdam ma­
                <lb/>
              gis irritare, atque eas, quæ vitiatæ ſunt, nihil
                <lb/>
              prohibet. </s>
              <s id="s.003930">Nam cùm collum veſicæ collo
                <lb/>
              vteri inſeratur, quæcunque corruptæ ſunt,
                <lb/>
              vexantur magis ab his, quæ moleſtiam ve­
                <lb/>
              ſicæ afferre conſuerunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003931">Ferunt etiam ac­
                <lb/>
              cenſum oleo reſtingui, non aqua: id ſupe­
                <lb/>
              riùs declarauimus. </s>
              <s id="s.003932">Bitumini enim hoc ge­
                <lb/>
              nerale eſt, ac proprium fermè: ſed non
                <lb/>
              ab omni aqua tutus is eſt ignis, nec ab
                <lb/>
              omni oleo extinguitur: multa enim aqua
                <lb/>
              omnem ignem ſuffocat, & paucum oleum
                <lb/>
              nullum extinguit, vt quaſi hæc per meta­
                <lb/>
              phoram dicta videri poſſint. </s>
              <s id="s.003933">Creditum eſt
                <lb/>
              etiam, nec fruſtrà, comitiales excitare, vt
                <lb/>
              ſuccinum. </s>
              <s id="s.003934">Sed & antiqui ſcripſerunt, illum
                <lb/>
              prouocare morbum: poteſtque vtrunque
                <lb/>
              facere. </s>
              <s id="s.003935">Vtrique cauſa communis eſt caliditas
                <lb/>
              modera, tenuitas ac ſiccitas. </s>
              <s id="s.003936">Porrò quod
                <lb/>
              pingue eſt, etiam odoratum. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003937">
                <margin.target id="marg497"/>
              Camphora
                <lb/>
              quid ſit, &
                <lb/>
              vires.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003938">
                <margin.target id="marg498"/>
              Gagates.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003939">De ſuccino magna ad hanc vſque diem
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg499"/>
                <lb/>
              contentio fuit: bitumen tamen eſt, & pin­
                <lb/>
              guedo quædam terræ à maris æſtu. </s>
              <s id="s.003940">Copio­
                <lb/>
              ſum piſcatur in Sudinis Pruſſiæ, cùm herba
                <lb/>
              quæ illi concreſcit pulegio ſimili. </s>
              <s id="s.003941">Quòd ſi
                <lb/>
              etiam à lachryma herbarum, aut arborum
                <lb/>
              duceret originem, bitumen tamen eſſet pin­
                <lb/>
              guedine maris, & terrarum coactum, ac il­
                <lb/>
              lorum calore temperatum. </s>
              <s id="s.003942">Eius plura ſunt
                <lb/>
              genera. </s>
              <s id="s.003943">Candidum precioſiſſimum, guſtu
                <lb/>
              dulce, & optimè olens, adeò vt ſuffitum in
                <lb/>
              conclauibus contra peſtem ( iuuat enim ) ad
                <lb/>
              tertiam vſque diem conclaue olere bene fa­
                <lb/>
              ciat. </s>
              <s id="s.003944">Omne enim bene olens dum ſuffitur,
                <lb/>
              vapores abſumendo corruptos, aërem ab
                <lb/>
              omni vitio liberat: liberant ergo magis, quæ
                <lb/>
              magis fragrant, & quæ tardius conſumun­
                <lb/>
              tur: quæ verò calida & ſicca ſunt, vapores
                <lb/>
              celerius abſumunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003945">Ob id magnus ignis præ­
                <lb/>
              ſtantiſſimum eſt, auxilium aduerſus peſtilen­
                <lb/>
              tentem aëris ſtatum, vt etiam flabella: vi­
                <lb/>
              tiant enim aërem vapores, tum natura loci
                <lb/>
              ex quo eleuantur, tum quia Solis radios pe­
                <lb/>
              netrare prohibent. </s>
              <s id="s.003946">Ob id referunt in Ger­
                <lb/>
              mania vallem Ioachimicam cùm ob ſyluas
                <lb/>
              denſas, & ſtagna inhabitabilis eſſet, deriua­
                <lb/>
              tis aquis in cuniculos ac foſſas,
                <expan abbr="ſucciſiſq;">ſucciſiſque</expan>
              ne­
                <lb/>
              moribus, ſalubrem factam eſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.003947">Itaque nil mi­
                <lb/>
              rum eſt, duplici auxilio flagrans ſuccinum
                <lb/>
              aërem emendare, tum quia ſiccum tum quia
                <lb/>
              bene olens. </s>
              <s id="s.003948">Ita videntur bis olim Athenæ
                <lb/>
              ignis beneficio à duobus medicis Hippocra­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg500"/>
                <lb/>
              te, & Acrone peſte liberatæ, flammis ſcili­
                <lb/>
              cet beneolentium lignorum, non quidem
                <lb/>
              mediocribus, ſed maximis. </s>
              <s id="s.003949">A mediocribus
                <lb/>
              enim ignibus, & minimè odorata materia
                <lb/>
              ſuccenſis, tantum abeſt, vt peſtilens aër
                <lb/>
              emendetur, tum magis ſi beneficium vento­
                <lb/>
              rum abſit, vt etiam vehementer exacerbe­
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.003950">Quamobrem Thucydides refert, cùm ob
                <lb/>
              multitudinem cadauera rogis imponeren­
                <lb/>
              tur, non parum auctam peſtilentiam.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.003951">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, eiſdem penè cauſis
                <lb/>
              ſuccinum eidem morbo medicamentis im­
                <lb/>
              miſtum, plurimùm conferre. </s>
              <s id="s.003952">Miſcetur
                <lb/>
              enim aut propter odorem, aut ſiccandi cau­
                <lb/>
              ſa, aut, quòd euidentius eſt auxilium in eo,
                <lb/>
              attrahendi: trahit enim omnia leuia, paleas,
                <lb/>
              feſtucas, ramenta tenuia metallorum, & ozi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg501"/>
                <lb/>
              mi folia, perperàm contradicente Theophra­
                <lb/>
              ſto. </s>
              <s id="s.003953">Cauſa eſt huius, quòd humidum habeat
                <lb/>
              pingue & glutinoſum, quo emiſſo ad leuia </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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