Lorini, Buonaiuto , Le fortificationi, old version (312 p.), 1609

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb xlink:href="031/01/098.jpg" pagenum="90"/>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg191"/>
              Si
                <expan abbr="riſpōde">riſponde</expan>
                <lb/>
              per difeſa
                <lb/>
              delle der­
                <lb/>
              te oppoſi­
                <lb/>
              tioni.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg192"/>
              Come ſi
                <lb/>
              <20>e maneg
                <lb/>
              giar la pol
                <lb/>
              uere.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Officio
                <lb/>
              delle due
                <lb/>
              piazze del
                <lb/>
              fianco.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Secondo, che la piazza baſſa poſſa con le ſcalate eſſer rubata. </s>
              <s>Dico eſſer queſta oppoſitione put
                <lb/>
              troppo debole, poi che quando anco la cannoniera
                <expan abbr="nō">non</expan>
                <gap/>
              più citre paſſa, ſopra il piano della foſſa,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg193"/>
              ella ſi può aſſicurare, come s'è detto col faiui ſotto vn cauamonto largo quanto tiene lo ſpatio del
                <lb/>
              fianco, & profondo quanto ſi vuole, facendoui il ponte per la ſortita, ſi che in ogni baſſezza, che ven
                <lb/>
              ghino le cannoniere, elle poſſono eſſere aſſicurate, nè ſi dee attendere ad altro, ſe non che vengano
                <lb/>
              coperte dalle batterie nimiche, che queſto importa, e non il pericolo dolle ſcalate, perche non sò
                <lb/>
              che mai per tale offeſa in detto luogo ſi ſian perſe Fortezze, che ſe ciò accadoſſe, molto poco diligenti
                <lb/>
              ſarebbono i difenſori, eſſendo quella vna parte, che vien guardata, e cuſtodita aſſai più dell altre. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg193"/>
                <expan abbr="Cãnonie-re">Cannonie­
                  <lb/>
                re</expan>
              baſſe,
                <lb/>
              come ſi aſ
                <lb/>
              ſicurino.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Terzo, che poſſa reſtar la detta piazza baſſa orbata con la trauerſa, che faccſſe il nimico nella
                <lb/>
              foſſa, dico che queſta oppoſitione non ha alcun fondamento; perche prima ſi dee ſen pre procu­
                <lb/>
              rare che il fianco poſſa con quel maggior vantaggio, che ſi deſidera, offendere il ſuo nimico, e maſſi­
                <lb/>
              me quando ſtà per isboccar nella foſſa, ſi come è proprio ſuo oſſicio, laqual' ofreſa ſi farà, quan­
                <lb/>
              do i ſuoi tiri vadino meno di ficco, e che ſieno più coperti, ſi che poſſa impedire tal'opera,
                <lb/>
              ouero dare ad eſſo nimico quelle maggior difficultà, che ſi può. </s>
              <s>E quando poi la trauerſa veniſſe
                <lb/>
              fatta, all'hora a le difeſe delle piazze ſuperiori tocca a fare il principal officio loro, e maſſime alli ca­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg194"/>
              ualieri per fianco, che per la maggior loro altezza ſcoprono il nimico, e tanto più ſeruendoſi in tal
                <lb/>
              caſo d'alcuni cannoni da cinquanta, che ſtante la groſſezza della palla, maggiormente viene violen­
                <lb/>
              tato l'opera della trauerſa per ſcoprire il nimico. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg194"/>
              Caualiere
                <lb/>
              vtile <21> im
                <lb/>
              pedire l'o
                <lb/>
              pera delle
                <lb/>
              trauerſe.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Quarto, i difenſori, che ella dice, douere ſtare nella piazza baſſa eſpoſti all'offeſe delle ruine di
                <lb/>
              quella di ſopra. </s>
              <s>Dico, che eſſendo l'altezza di dentro fatta con la ſemplice terta, cioè quella parte
                <lb/>
              eſpoſta all'eſſere ſcoperta, e battuta, non può cauſare alcuna ruina, ne danno a i difenſori, poten­
                <lb/>
              doſi anco ſempre ſenza pericolo riſtaurare quello, che veniſſe guaſto, ſtante la ſtrada coperta da baſ­
                <lb/>
              ſo, come anco ſi poſſono ſer za alcuna dificultà reſtaurare quelle della ſeconda piazza di ſopra, ve­
                <lb/>
              nendo coperta da tutta la ſpalla, & orecchione per eſſere coſi ritirata in dentro. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Quinto, che le due piazze venghino a riſtringere la gola del baluardo. </s>
              <s>Queſto è vero, ma ſe vorre­
                <lb/>
              mo conſiderare le cauſe, per lequali noi deſideriamo larga la piazza di eſſa gola, troueremo che tal ri­
                <lb/>
              ſtringimento è fatto conforme al biſogno di quello che più ſi deſidera, che è di conſeruare la ſua di­
                <lb/>
              feſa. </s>
              <s>Già che ella non mi può negare, che facendoſi il fianco con vna ſola piazza, non ſi ricerchian­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg195"/>
              cora ſpatio commodo da poter ritirarſi prima in dentro, con la difeſa de' merloni, & delle cannoniere
                <lb/>
              di eſſo fianco, ſempre che foſſe battuto, e ruinato; ſi come facilmente può accadere per la molta ſua
                <lb/>
              altezza di fuori, & inſieme poi dopo lo ſpatio della piazza, che ſi ricerca per le ſue artiglierie, non ſi
                <lb/>
              debba fare vna ſeconda difeſa di gabbioni, o d'argine di terra, per aſſicurare il reſto della piazza del­
                <lb/>
              la gola dalle palle tirate dal nimico, che paſſaſſino per la larghezza delle cannoniere, offeſa non co­
                <lb/>
              noſciuta da color o, che ſenza eſperienza, & ſolo con l'auttorità, e co' fauori vogliono fare l'Ingegne­
                <lb/>
              ro, perche volendo coprire la gola del baluardo ſiante la ſua baſſezza, per il pendere, & altezza, che
                <lb/>
              fuori ſi può fare il nimico, conuiene ciò fare con vna trinciera, con gabbioni, che pure ſi viene a far
                <lb/>
              due piazze, con certezza di non potere operare ſe non vna, che ſarà quella dauanti, che venendo
                <lb/>
              ſcoperta, reſta coſi preſto inutile, diſordine, che non ſuccede ne' fianchi fatti con due piazze, doue
                <lb/>
              per le ragioni dette, ſi conſerua ſempre la ſua difeſa duplicata, e con la maggior ſicurtà delle ſue
                <lb/>
              ruine, reſtando la larghezza della gola ſempre larga, quanto ſi ricerca per lo paſſo di aſſai gente in
                <lb/>
              ordinanza per la difeſa della fronte del baluardo, cioè per le batterie, & aſſalti. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg195"/>
              In tutti i
                <lb/>
              fianchi è
                <lb/>
              neccſſario
                <lb/>
              far due
                <lb/>
              piazze.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Seſto, & vltimo, che la piazza da alto tiri di ficco, e non poſſa ſcoprire più del terzo della lunghez­
                <lb/>
              za della foſſa, le dico, che in quanto al tirar di ficco, in queſta parte ell'ha la ſteſſa oppoſitione, che
                <lb/>
              il più delle volte ha la piazza ſola, perche ſe la piazza ſuperiore viene alquanto più alta, ella è com­
                <lb/>
              moda, e ſicura per difeſa della fronte del baluardo, doue in tale altezza, ſtante la lontananza, & l'eſ­
                <lb/>
              ſere aſſai coperta, il ſuo tiro non ſi può addimandare di ficco. </s>
              <s>Quanto poi allo ſcoprire il fondo del­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg196"/>
              la foſſa, queſto ſi fa ſenza alcuna dificultà, per farſi il merlone della piazza inferiore coſi baſſo, che
                <lb/>
              non impediſce la viſta alla piazza ſuperiore, laquale baſta, che ſcopra dua terzi della lunghezza di eſ­
                <lb/>
              ſa foſſa per longhezza della cortina, ſcoprendo il reſto l'altro fianco oppoſito, e però, da quanto s'è
                <lb/>
              detto, ſopra al fianco fatto con le due piazze, e che diremo, ſopra alla piazza ſola, ſi douerà rico­
                <lb/>
              noſcere le ragioni, & poi ſtabilire quello, che più ſi ricerca per beneficio della Fortezza, & non per
                <lb/>
              lo ſparagno del danaro, benche la differenza non ſia molta, oltre a che il Prencipe ſpenda ſempre po
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg197"/>
              co quando fortifica bene; e perche ſi veda chiaramente, eſſa ragione farò altre cinque oppoſitioni ſo­
                <lb/>
              pra al fianco fatto con vna ſol piazza, ne i ſiti però, doue ſe ne poſſono far due, & maſſime in Fortezze
                <lb/>
              moderne. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg196"/>
                <expan abbr="Cãnonie-re">Cannonie­
                  <lb/>
                re</expan>
              del fian
                <lb/>
              co, chepar
                <lb/>
              te <20>lla foſ
                <lb/>
              ſa deono
                <lb/>
              ſcoprire.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg197"/>
              Cique op­
                <lb/>
              poſitioni
                <lb/>
              fatte al
                <expan abbr="fiã">fiam</expan>
                <lb/>
              co d'vna
                <lb/>
              ſola piaz­
                <lb/>
              za.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Prima, Che i tiri del nimico paſſando per la larghezza delle cannoniere ſcoueranno
                <lb/>
              la gola del baluardo, e daranno nella ſchiena a bombardieri dell'altro fian­
                <lb/>
              co. </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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