Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004292">
                <pb pagenum="450" xlink:href="016/01/099.jpg"/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg568"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004293">
                <margin.target id="marg567"/>
              Cinabrium.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004294">
                <margin.target id="marg568"/>
              Argentum
                <lb/>
              ſublimatum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004295">Argentum ſublimatur hoc modo: de viuo
                <lb/>
              loquor, nec pudet nomine barbaro vti: ſed
                <lb/>
              ſi Libet Latinè proferre, non tamen adeò
                <lb/>
              clarè, excoctum argentum vocetur. </s>
              <s id="s.004296">Argen­
                <lb/>
              tum viuum, & ſutorium atramentum in
                <lb/>
              mortarium pari pondere coniice, & aceto
                <lb/>
              albo acerrimo eouſque miſce, donec argen­
                <lb/>
              tum viuum videri deſierit, inde vitreo vaſe
                <lb/>
              luto oblito excoque, donec concreſcat. </s>
              <s id="s.004297">Si
                <lb/>
              quid ſubterfugerit nec coëat, iterum in mor­
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              tario addito aceto, terito, & denuò exco­
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              quito.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg569"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004298">
                <margin.target id="marg569"/>
                <expan abbr="Præcipitatũ">Præcipitatum</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004299">Argentum coctum rubrum ſic fit, vocant
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              Præcipitatum. </s>
              <s id="s.004300">Alumeu, chalcanhum æquis
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              portionibus ſumito, quibus adde ſalis dimi­
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              dio plus altero eorum, & diſtilla hoc totum
                <lb/>
              cum vitreis vaſis: huius aquæ pondo vnum,
                <lb/>
              argenti autem viui tria in vas vitreum po­
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              ne, inde diſtilla: & auctis ignibus perſeuera
                <lb/>
              eouſque, donec fumus, & vas rubeſcant, nec
                <lb/>
              aquæ quicquam ſuperſit: demùm fracto
                <lb/>
              vaſe collige argentum viuum, quod coire
                <lb/>
              iam videbis inſtar lapidis, hoc tenuiſſimè teri,
                <lb/>
              to in porphyritide tabula, & denuò exco­
                <lb/>
              que ac diſtilla, donec ſiccetur in vaſe vitreo:
                <lb/>
              rurſus fracto vaſe, materiam, quæ ſupereſt,
                <lb/>
              collige: ac denuò tere in tabula eadem ſub­
                <lb/>
              tiliſſimè: pòſt ipſum in æneo vaſe repone,
                <lb/>
              ſuppoſitóque igne valido, cum æneo baculo
                <lb/>
              miſce ac agita per ſpatium horarum dua­
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              rum, donec ſplendorem fermè ac rubedi­
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              nem minij acquirat: túncque exceptum ſer­
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              ua vitreis vaſis. </s>
              <s id="s.004301">Vt verò hoc inter omnia
                <lb/>
              quæ citra dolorem carnes erodunt, & ſiccant
                <lb/>
              putreſcentia vlcera, ſi ritè factum fuerit, eſt
                <lb/>
              præſtantiſſimum, nec vlli alio vſui eſt quòd
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              ſciam: ita argento excocto ad fucum vtun­
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              tur, dealbat enim, & ſplendorem addit mu­
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              lierum vultibus: ſed dentes elidit, & fœto­
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              rem gignit oris. </s>
              <s id="s.004302">Cæterùm ad argenti vſum,
                <lb/>
              & aurifabrorum artem, in non paucis con­
                <lb/>
              ducit.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg570"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004303">
                <margin.target id="marg570"/>
              Auripigmen­
                <lb/>
              tum coctum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004304">Vertunt colorem pleraque metallica vel
                <lb/>
              ſolo igne: vt auripigmentum, quod ſubci­
                <lb/>
              trini coloris eſt, in vitreo vaſe excoctum,
                <lb/>
              donec adhæreat vaſi, rubeſcit, vires præci pi­
                <lb/>
              tati ſuſcipit, nec tantò inferiores, quantò fa­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg571"/>
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              cilitate conficiendi vtilius eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004305">Pſoricum ex
                <lb/>
              duabus partibus chalcitidis, & vna cadmiæ,
                <lb/>
              vel ſpumæ argenti conſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.004306">Miſcentur, addi­
                <lb/>
              tóque aceto candido acri teruntur, inde ſe­
                <lb/>
              pelitur Caniculæ tempore fimo equino qua­
                <lb/>
              draginta diebus: erutum teſta noua ſubie­
                <lb/>
              ctis carbonibus torretur, donec rubeſcat.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg572"/>
                <lb/>
              Smaltum vitri genus eſt, quo aureæ cauita­
                <lb/>
              tes implentur, variato colore, venuſtate exi­
                <lb/>
              mia: calores omnis generis recipit, ſplendét­
                <lb/>
              que optimum, & cui par non eſt, fit alumine,
                <lb/>
              & chalcantho, & lapidoſo ſale: alij vitro
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg573"/>
                <lb/>
              colores miſcent. </s>
              <s id="s.004307">Recrementum eſt, quòd à
                <lb/>
              metallo, dum excoquitur, detrahitur, ſpu­
                <lb/>
              mam vulgus vocat: vires, & materiam reti­
                <lb/>
              net metallici cuius eſt: ob id argenteum &
                <lb/>
              aureum denuò excoqui ſolet, ne quicquam
                <lb/>
              hominum auaritiæ pereat. </s>
              <s id="s.004308">Quod verò non
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg574"/>
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              liqueſcit metallo liquato, lapis eſt: retinet
                <lb/>
              & hic metalli quippiam, ac vires: ſed in no­
                <lb/>
              bilioribus metallis tunditur lapis diligenter,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg575"/>
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              atque excoquitur. </s>
              <s id="s.004309">Dyphryges fit dum lapis
                <lb/>
              qui cum ære iunctus erat, vritur: eſt autem
                <lb/>
              ſaporis ærei, vt par eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004310">Cæruleum colorem
                <lb/>
              aut æris aqua inſperſus contrahit: quòd ſi
                <lb/>
              non aſpergatur, purpureus eſt, aut ſubniger.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004311">Cadmiam diximus eſſe natiuam, ſed etiam
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg576"/>
                <lb/>
              fit, dum metallum excoquitur hærens for­
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              naci, vt botrus. </s>
              <s id="s.004312">Optima ex pyritide cæruleo
                <lb/>
              dum eſt in fruſtis, eſt candida, & quæ cùm
                <lb/>
              teritur, eſt candidiſſima, quoniam ex argen­
                <lb/>
              to, vel etiam ex auro fit. </s>
              <s id="s.004313">Pompholyx adhæ­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg577"/>
                <lb/>
              ret, vt bulla dum metallum excoquitur, ſi­
                <lb/>
              millima lanarum penniculis. </s>
              <s id="s.004314">Parietibus li­
                <lb/>
              cet hæreat, poſterior tamen eſt cadmia: can­
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              dida eſt, cùm teritur maximè. </s>
              <s id="s.004315">Tutia vocatur
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              à vulgaribus. </s>
              <s id="s.004316">Sed & Tutiæ appellatione in­
                <lb/>
              telligunt Spodon, quandoquidem inter Spo­
                <lb/>
              don, & Pompholigem haud multum inter­
                <lb/>
              ſit, cùm Pompholygis ſpecies fermè ſit Spo­
                <lb/>
              don, aut eius vice fungatur: nam Spodon
                <lb/>
              ignobilior eſt Pompholyx, vtraque ad medi­
                <lb/>
              camenta ocularia vtilis. </s>
              <s id="s.004317">Eſt Spodos, quod
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg578"/>
                <lb/>
              hæret parietibus fornacum ſecundis, in qui­
                <lb/>
              bus metalla ſeparantur, concreſcítque fumo
                <lb/>
              auri, argenti, ac plumbi terræ miſto, vnde im­
                <lb/>
              purior redditur Pompholyge ac debilior:
                <lb/>
              non enim vt Cadmia, vel Pompholyx ex fu­
                <lb/>
              mo, & prima materia metallorum, quæ &
                <lb/>
              ipſa eſt metallica, ſed ex ſolo fumo, & pul­
                <lb/>
              uere haud metalli participe concreſcit: vnde
                <lb/>
              Cadmia, & Pompholyx iuxta fodinas ſo­
                <lb/>
              lùm in fornacibus: Spodos verò in vrbi­
                <lb/>
              bus plærunque inuenitur. </s>
              <s id="s.004318">Flos æris fit, aqua
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg579"/>
                <lb/>
              ſuperæs, dum ex prima fornace ignitum
                <lb/>
              eruitur, affuſa. </s>
              <s id="s.004319">Dum enim cogitur, expuit
                <lb/>
              granula quædam æri ſimillima, ſed tamen
                <lb/>
              quæ trita in puluerem facillimè redigantur.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg580"/>
                <lb/>
              Squama verò ab ære deciditur, dum malleis
                <lb/>
              percutitur: quòd verò
                <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan>
              modo à ferro ex­
                <lb/>
              cidit, vocatur Stomoma, id eſt, ferri ſquama.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004320">Ærugo fit caſu pauca, plurima verò ſic:
                <lb/>
              Æreum vas deterſum, alteri vaſi velut oper­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg581"/>
                <lb/>
              culum imponito, in ipſum vas inferius,
                <lb/>
              quod etiam poteſt eſſe lapideum, vel li­
                <lb/>
              gneum, aut ferreum, acetum acerrimum im­
                <lb/>
              pone, in decem diebus è fundo ærei vaſis,
                <lb/>
              quod velut operculum impoſuiſti, optimam
                <lb/>
              detrahes æruginem. </s>
              <s id="s.004321">Colligitur autem multa
                <lb/>
              è vaſis amplioribus, pluribúſque, ac iterato
                <lb/>
              opere. </s>
              <s id="s.004322">Et vt ex ære ærugo, ita ex ferro ferru­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg582"/>
                <lb/>
              go colligitur: & vt ærugo non ſolùm aſtrin­
                <lb/>
              git, ſiccat, ſed etiam erodit: ita ferrugo aſtrin­
                <lb/>
              git, & ſiccat vehementiùs ærugine, eroſio­
                <lb/>
              nis expers. </s>
              <s id="s.004323">Nam in ærugine partes ſunt te­
                <lb/>
              nues atque acres ob calorem, in ferrugine,
                <lb/>
              nec calidum quicquam, nec tenue: quamo­
                <lb/>
              brem neque color venuſtus. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004324">
                <margin.target id="marg571"/>
              Pſoricum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004325">
                <margin.target id="marg572"/>
              Smaltum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004326">
                <margin.target id="marg573"/>
                <expan abbr="Recrementũ">Recrementum</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004327">
                <margin.target id="marg574"/>
              Lapis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004328">
                <margin.target id="marg575"/>
              Dyphryges.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004329">
                <margin.target id="marg576"/>
              Cadmia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004330">
                <margin.target id="marg577"/>
              Pompholyx,
                <lb/>
              ſeu tutia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004331">
                <margin.target id="marg578"/>
              Spodos.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004332">
                <margin.target id="marg579"/>
              Æris flos.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004333">
                <margin.target id="marg580"/>
              Æris ſqua­
                <lb/>
              ma.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004334">
                <margin.target id="marg581"/>
              Ærugo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004335">
                <margin.target id="marg582"/>
              Ferrugo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004336">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, in his metallicis,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg583"/>
                <lb/>
              quæ igne conſtituuntur, colorem ineſſe ſub­
                <lb/>
              tiliori ſubſtantiæ ſi non ſit niger: cúmque
                <lb/>
              tenuis ſubſtantia craſſæ haud poſſit immiſ­
                <lb/>
              ceri, niſi naturæ beneficio, vt demonſtratum
                <lb/>
              eſt, omnem colorem nigro excepto eſſe deci­
                <lb/>
              duum. </s>
              <s id="s.004337">Atniger poteſt conſiſtere, cùm ſit pri­
                <lb/>
              uatio luminis, quæ in terreo conſiſtit. </s>
              <s id="s.004338">Igitur
                <lb/>
              ærugini vermicularis proxima eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004339">Cùm
                <lb/>
              enim aceti albi
                <expan abbr="partẽ">partem</expan>
              ſumpſeris, atque vrinæ
                <lb/>
              veteris
                <expan abbr="duplũ">duplum</expan>
              ,
                <expan abbr="miſcueríſq;">miſcueríſque</expan>
              in vaſe æris Cyprij,
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="agitaueríſq;">agitaueríſque</expan>
              piſtillo tandiu, donec ſubſtan­
                <lb/>
              tiam quandam tenaciorem ſuſceperint, inde
                <lb/>
              addideris ſalis, & aluminis partem ex ſingu­
                <lb/>
              lis vigeſimam quartam, in Sole verò 40. </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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