Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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              <s>
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              he ſhall plainly ſee, who ſhall have underſtood my Book of the
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              Meaſure of Running Waters And this was the Reaſon why all
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              the Countrey did grow dry upon the opening of the Mouth into
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              the Sea. </s>
              <s>And here I propoſe to conſideration that which the Pea­
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              ſants about
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              Piſa
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              relate, namely, That the Water in the Fields
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              doth no conſiderable harm by continuing there five or ſix, yea, or
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              eight dayes. </s>
              <s>And therefore the work of the Countrey is to o­
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              pen the Mouth of
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              Fiume morto,
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              in ſuch manner, that the Water
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              being come, they may have the Trench free and ready, when that
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              the Water cometh it may have a free drain, and may not ſtay
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              there above eight or nine dayes, for then the overflowings be­
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              come hurtful. </s>
              <s>It is to be deſired alſo, that if any Propoſition is
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              produced touching theſe affairs, it might be propounded the moſt
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              diſtinctly that may be poſſible, and not conſiſt in generals, eſpe­
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              cially when the Diſpute is of the riſings, of velocity, of tardity,
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              of much and little water; things that are all to be ſpecified by
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              meaſures.</s>
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              <s>6. Your Letter ſaith, in the next place, that
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              Signore Barto­
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              lotti
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              confeſſeth, that if the Mouth of the
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              Fiume morto
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              might al­
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              wayes be kept open, it would be better to let it continue as it is:
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              the which, that I may not yield to him in courteſie, I confeſſe,
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              for the keeping it ſtopt on all ſides would be a thing moſt per­
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              nicious. </s>
              <s>But admitting of his confeſſion I again reply, that
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              Fi­
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              ume morto
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              ought not to be let into
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              Serchio,
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              but immediately in­
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              to the Sea; becauſe although ſometimes the Mouth to Sea­
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              wards be ſtopt up, yet for all that, the raiſing of the Bank above
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              the Plains (which is all the buſineſſe of importance) ſhall be ever
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              leſſer, if we make uſe of the Mouth leading to the Sea, than u­
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              ſing that of
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              Serchio.
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              </s>
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              <s>7. I will not omit to mention a kinde of ſcruple that I have
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              concerning the poſition of
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              Sign. </s>
              <s>Bartolotti,
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              that is, where he ſaith
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              that the two Mouths A and D are equal to the like Mouths into
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              the Sea; Now it ſeems to me, that the Mouth A of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Fiume morto
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              into
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              Serchio
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              is abſolutely within
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              Serchio,
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              nor can it be made low­
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              er, and is regulated by the height of
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              Serchio
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              : But the Mouth
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              of
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              Fiume morto
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              terminates, and ought to be underſtood to ter­
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              minate in the Sea it ſelf, the loweſt place. </s>
              <s>And this I believe
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              was very well peroeived by
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              Sig. </s>
              <s>Bartolotti,
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              but I cannot tell why
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              he paſt it over without declaring it: and we ſee not that the
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              Mouth D falleth far from the Sea, which Mouth ought to be let
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              into the Sea it ſelf, and ſo the advantage of the
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              M
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              outh into the
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              Sea more clearly appeareth.</s>
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              <s>8. That which
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              Sig. </s>
              <s>Bartolotti
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              addeth, that when it is high
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              Waters, at ſuch time as the Waters are out, and when Winds
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              choak up
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              Fiume morto,
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              they not only retard it, but return the </s>
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