Foscarini, Paolo Antonio, An epistle to fantoni, 1661

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              <s>
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              nothing elſe but the end and termination of it ſelf: in regard
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              that Grave and Light Bodies, when once they have attained their
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              proper and Natural Place, do deſiſt from that Motion to which
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              they were incited by Levity and Gravity. </s>
              <s>Therefore: ſince Cir­
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              cular Motion is proper
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              to the Whole,
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              and Right Motion
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              to the
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              Parts,
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              theſe differences are not rightly referred to Motion, ſo as
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              to call one Motion Right, another Circular, as if they were not
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              conſiſtent with one another: For they may be both together, and
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              that Naturally, in the ſame Body; no leſſe than it is equally
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              Natural for a Man to participate of Senſe and Reaſon, ſeeing
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              that theſe differences are not directly oppoſite to one another.
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              </s>
              <s>Hereupon Reſt and Immobility only are oppoſed to Motion;
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              and not one Species of Motion to another. </s>
              <s>And for the other
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              differences
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              à medio, ad medium,
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              and
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              circa medium,
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              they are di­
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              ſtinguiſhed not
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              really,
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              but only
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              formally,
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              as the Point, Line and
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              Superficies, none of which can be without the other two, or
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              without a Body. </s>
              <s>Hence it appears, that in as much as this Phy­
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              loſophy differs from that of
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              Ariſtotle,
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              ſo in like manner doth this
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              New Coſmographical Syſtem vary from the Common one, that
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              hath been hitherto received. </s>
              <s>But this by the way, upon occaſion
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              of explaining the Fifth Maxim: For as to the truth or falſhood
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              of theſe foregoing Poſitions (although I conceive them very pro­
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              bable) I am reſolved to determine nothing at preſent, neither
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              ſhall I make any farther enquiry into them.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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              *
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              Vide Coperni­
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              cum de Revolutio­
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              nibus Cœleſt.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Simple Motion
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              peculiar to only
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              Simple Bodies.
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              </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Right Motion
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              belongeth to Im­
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              perfect Bodies, and
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              that are out of
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              their natural Pla­
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              ces.
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              </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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              Right Motion
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              cannot be Simple.
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              </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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              Right Motion is
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              ever mixt with
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              the Circular.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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              *
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              æquabilis.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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              *
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              Even.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Circular Mo­
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              tion is truly Sim­
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              ple and Perpetual.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Circular Mo­
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              tion belongeth to
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              the Whole Body,
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              and the Right to
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              its parts.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Circular and
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              Right Motion co­
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              incedent, and may
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              conſiſt together in
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              the ſame Body.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>The Sixth and Laſt Maxim is this. </s>
              <s>Every thing is Simply deno­
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              minated ſuch as it is in compariſon of all things, or of many
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              things which make the greater number of that kinde, but not in
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              reſpect of a few which make but the leſſer part of them. </s>
              <s>As,
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              for inſtance, a Veſſel ſhall not be called abſolutely Great be­
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              cauſe it is ſo whilſt it is compared with two or three others: but
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              it ſhall be ſaid to be great abſolutely, and will be ſo, if it ex­
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              ceed in magnitude all indivials, or the greater part of them. </s>
              <s>Nor
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              again ſhall a Man be ſaid to be abſolutely Big, becauſe he is big­
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              ger than a Pigmey; nor yet abſolutely Little, becauſe leſſe than
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              a Gyant: but he ſhall be termed abſolutely Big or Little in com­
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              pariſon of the ordinary Stature of the greater part of Men. </s>
              <s>Thus
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              the Earth cannot abſolutely be ſaid to be High or Low for that it
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              is found to be ſo in reſpect of ſome ſmall part of the Univerſe; nor
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              again ſhall it be abſolutely affirmed to be High, being compared
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              to the Centre of the World, or ſome few parts of the Univerſe,
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              more near to the ſaid Centre, as is the
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              Sun, Mercury
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              or
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              Venus
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              :
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              but it ſhall receive its abſolute denomination according as it ſhall
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              be found to be in compariſon of the greater number of the
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              Spheres and Bodies of the Univerſe. </s>
              <s>The Earth therefore, in
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              compariſon of the whole Circuit of the Eighth Sphære which </s>
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          </chap>
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