Buonamici, Francesco, De motu libri X

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              <s>
                <pb pagenum="92"/>
              veluti cùm dico ens; & ſubſtantiam & quantum mihi pręſentat: neque tamen quantum ſine ſub­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg794"/>
                <lb/>
              ſtantia, ſed quòd ex eius nominis poteſtate vtrunque indefinitè concipio, aut hoc ſolum, aut illud
                <lb/>
              in ſubſtantia. </s>
              <s>Nam poſſum verbigratia noſſe lumen eſſe. </s>
              <s>& quanuis ipſum vel ſub ratione ſubſtan­
                <lb/>
              tiæ concipiam, vel accidentis illo notitię genere quod eſt inchoatum & rude: tamen ambigam ad­
                <lb/>
              huc, & diligenter exquiram ſit'ne accidens, an ſubſtantia. </s>
              <s>Deinde verò quia poteſt eo nomine ſi­
                <lb/>
              gnificari id quod prius eſt; at eius notio ſimplicior eſt, quàm poſterioris; cùm poſterioris notio
                <lb/>
              neceſſariò reſoluatur in prius. </s>
              <s>etenim nomine entis ſubſtantia ſine poſte concipi poteſt, & ge­
                <lb/>
              neratim illud quod accipitur in definitione, ſic notum eſt, vt conſimilem formam ex analogia ſi­
                <lb/>
              gnificet quæ notuit in alio,
                <expan abbr="veluti licoctionẽ">veluti licoctionem</expan>
              dixeris eſſe perfectionem; quod in alio perfectio vo­
                <lb/>
              catur, id ex officij
                <expan abbr="iā">iam</expan>
              noti ſimilitudine ponis in coctione. </s>
              <s>Reſtat illud vnum
                <expan abbr="oſtendẽdum">oſtendendum</expan>
              , quae partes
                <lb/>
              communis ad vnum ſint priores quàm illud commune, contrà quàm res ſe habeat in vniuocis.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Id verò ſatis monſtrauit Alexander ita concludens. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              a
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Etenim illud eſt prius à quo non reciproca­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg795"/>
                <lb/>
              tur ſubſiſtendi ſequela. </s>
              <s>Cùm verò à communi vniuoco ad partes non reciprocetur; reciprocetur
                <lb/>
              autem ab eo quod eſt commune vt ad vnum. </s>
              <s>Ergo dicendum eſt vniuocum prius eſſe quàm par­
                <lb/>
              teis; contrà verò id quod eſt commune vt ad vnum, eſſe poſterius. </s>
              <s>Perſpicua verò res eſt in vni­
                <lb/>
              uoco. </s>
              <s>Siquidem ſi fuerit homo, neceſſarium ſit eſſe animal; at ſi fuerit animal; non idcirco extite­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg796"/>
                <lb/>
              rit homo. </s>
              <s>Quapropter hoc alia probatione non eget. </s>
              <s>Rem verò longè aliter ſe habere in iis quæ
                <lb/>
              ſunt ad vnum, ita probatur. </s>
              <s>Illud eſt prius natura quibuſdam quo ſublato illa tolluntur, & qui­
                <lb/>
              bus poſitis illud ponitur. </s>
              <s>Sed ſi de medio remoueatur illud quod ab eo nomine primùm ſignifi­
                <lb/>
              catur, cętera item remouentur, & commune ad vnum tollitur, ac ſi tum reliquæ partes, tùm com­
                <lb/>
              mune illud ponatur; continuò primum illud ponitur à quo reliqua nomen adepta fuerint. </s>
              <s>Et hoc
                <lb/>
              igitur prius erit quàm reliqua: necnon prius, quàm id quod commune eſt & vniuerſale. </s>
              <s>Sic de­
                <lb/>
              ſtructa ſubſtantia tolluntur cętera prædicamenta, tollitur item ens: copoſito & reliquis ſubſtan­
                <lb/>
              tia ponitur. </s>
              <s>Atque hæc quæ narrantur ab Alexandro, valent mea quidem ſententia, in omne ge­
                <lb/>
              nus communium ad vnum. </s>
              <s>Sed Ariſtoteles priuatim de ente & vno verba faciens vna ſanè & illa
                <lb/>
              perpetua ratione ens & vnum genus eſſe non poſſe monſtrauit: eſt autem huiuſmodi ratio. </s>
              <s>Si ens
                <lb/>
              & vnum genera forent, à differentiis participari non poſsint: at verò participantur à differentiis:
                <lb/>
              etenim quæque differentia & vna eſt & ens. </s>
              <s>Nec genus igitur eſſe poteſt vnum, aut ens. </s>
              <s>Hac ra­
                <lb/>
              tione primùm eſt vſus Ariſtoteles 3. Met.
                <emph type="sup"/>
              b
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              quam explorans Alexander habuit pro dialectica.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg797"/>
                <lb/>
              quamobrem ad alteram illam ſuam confugiſſe eſt veriſimile. </s>
              <s>Verùm ſanè eſt eam hauſtam fuiſſe è
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg798"/>
                <lb/>
              fontibus dialecticis; quandò nixus Philoſophus illo fundamento quòd differentiæ non
                <expan abbr="participãt">participant</expan>
                <lb/>
              genus; indicauit loca, vnde promerentur argumenta ad euertendum genus & definitionem. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              c
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Ve­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg799"/>
                <lb/>
              rùm & loca noua ratione firmauit; ſiquidem efficeretur ex eo, ſi genus de differentia diceretur,
                <lb/>
              quòd toties repeteretur in vna definitione genus, quot differentiæ in definitione ſumerentur quas
                <lb/>
              certè multas eſſe nil prohibet, cùm genus de ſingulis differentiis prædicetur, atque idem in ea de­
                <lb/>
              finitione ponatur: etenim ſi homo eſt animal, & idem mortale, bipes, & ratione vtens; ratione ve­
                <lb/>
              rò vtens bipes & mortale ſunt animalia. </s>
              <s>Ergo animal & per ſeipſum & in ſuis differentiis de ho­
                <lb/>
              mine prædicabitur. </s>
              <s>Itaque non vnum animal erit homo, ſed plura; id verò eſt abſurdum
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              eue­
                <lb/>
              nit hoc, vbi genus aliquod remotius ſpeciei tribuatur, nanque & ſi ineſt in genere proximo, non
                <lb/>
              tamen cum eo ſumitur in explicatione ſpeciei, veluti cùm homo ſit animal, & animal ſit corpus,
                <lb/>
              necnon & homo ſit corpus, non idcirco cùm dicimus hominem eſſe animal corpus; non vnum
                <lb/>
              de homine prædicatur, illud ſcilicet, quod eſt in animali, & quod ſeorſum attribuitur omni: nan­
                <lb/>
              que vnico genere contenta eſt ea prædicatio: neque enim dicitur hominem eſſe animal corpus,
                <lb/>
              ſed ſeorſum animal & corpus, cùm cęteroqui genus in definitione non ſit omittendum. </s>
              <s>Idcirco
                <lb/>
              nugatio committeretur in definitione, quod eſt vitium maximum, & ſæpius ab Ariſt. </s>
              <s>deteſtatum.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg800"/>
                <lb/>
              Oportebat igitur Alexandrum aliquid dicere ad hanc rationem quæ, vt opinor, ita placuit Ariſt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>vt illam quoque iterum vſurpauerit,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              d
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              nec aliam ſtuduerit in tanta re afferre quæ ad initia primę
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg801"/>
                <lb/>
              philoſophię conſtituenda pertineret: nam ſi ens genus fuiſſet, non erat expungendum de numero
                <lb/>
              principiorum. </s>
              <s>Et quanuis accepta fuerit à dialecticis, ita hic ego dicam, quemadmodum dixit ali­
                <lb/>
              quando Ariſtoteles,
                <emph type="sup"/>
              e
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              ea nimirùm quæ fieri non poſſent apud mathematicos, eadem quoque
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg802"/>
                <lb/>
              ſuccedere in naturalibus, non autem contrà quæ fieri nequirent apud naturalem, denegari mathe­
                <lb/>
              matico: quandoquidem mathematica in ablatione ſint poſita, phyſica verò in appoſitione. </s>
              <s>Sic
                <lb/>
              igitur phyſica ſe habent ad dialectica quæ vindicant ſua præcepta à qualibet certa materia. </s>
              <s>Qua­
                <lb/>
              propter Alexandri rationem ſic accipiemus, vt vniuerſa communia complectatur; rationem verò
                <lb/>
              Ariſtotelis ad ens & vnum ſpeciatim pertinere defendemus. </s>
              <s>Eſt igitur
                <expan abbr="ſubſtãtia">ſubſtantia</expan>
              prior ente. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="Ideoq́">Ideoque</expan>
              .
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>ens à ſubſtantia ſeparari nequit. </s>
              <s>Non igitur numeratur in iis quæ continentur in priore modo
                <lb/>
              prædicandi per ſe, neque ponitur in definitione, nec reuera quicquam ponit in ſuis partibus præ­
                <lb/>
              ter ordinem. </s>
              <s>Reſtat igitur, vt ſint ſimplices partes, neque reſolui poſsint in alia priora ſeipſis. </s>
              <s>Pro­
                <lb/>
              inde è prædicamentis
                <expan abbr="ſummisq́">ſummisque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>generibus propoſitiones efficiuntur negantes quę medio
                <expan abbr="vacẽt">vacent</expan>
              . </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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