Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

List of thumbnails

< >
11
11 		12
12
13
13 		14
14
15
15 		16
16
17
17 		18
18
19
19 		20
20
< >
page |< < of 403 > >|
    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000218">
                <pb pagenum="362" xlink:href="016/01/011.jpg"/>
              enim ſpatium ſupra F, inane eſt, nec in eo
                <lb/>
              aliquid continetur præter embolum & vir­
                <lb/>
              gulas. </s>
              <s id="s.000219">In imo harum virgularum circulus F,
                <lb/>
              câpitibus earum annexus conſtituatur, nec
                <lb/>
              totus inanis, ſed in medio tantùm, & vbi
                <lb/>
              foramen relinquitur, corio ſupernè, ac ſu­
                <lb/>
              per corium plumbi lamina tenui, vt in M,
                <lb/>
              dictum eſt, integatur, ſic vt cùm integitur,
                <lb/>
              ne aër poſſit tranſire, & corium tamen cum
                <lb/>
              plumbo eleuari poſſit verſus N, & foramen
                <lb/>
              ipſum detegere. </s>
              <s id="s.000220">Hoc itaque fiet, ſi corium
                <lb/>
              media quaſi parte annexum fuerit circulo,
                <lb/>
              capita virgarum continente: reliqua parte
                <lb/>
              diſiunctum, ac ſolùm ad amuſſim foramen
                <lb/>
              illud, cùm hæret, occludens. </s>
              <s id="s.000221">Ex ipſis rurſus
                <lb/>
              virgarum capitibus tres aliæ virgæ rectà
                <lb/>
              prodeant, lateribus introrſum tubæ hæren­
                <lb/>
              tes. </s>
              <s id="s.000222">Has corium circumambit vndequaque
                <lb/>
              ab F, ſuprema parte vſque in G, hærens ad
                <lb/>
              amuſſim lateribus tubæ introrſum, ne vel aër
                <lb/>
              ex K, in N, poſſit permeare. </s>
              <s id="s.000223">Ita fiet in H, mo­
                <lb/>
              diolum, ſed inuerſum, videatur: eſt enim fun­
                <lb/>
              dus F, & corio circumueſtitus vndequaque
                <lb/>
              tereti forma, & in G, apertus ac patens. </s>
              <s id="s.000224">Quo
                <lb/>
              peracto ita aptetur A, embolus, vt citrò, vl­
                <lb/>
              tróque commeare modò deſcendendo vſque
                <lb/>
              ad M, parte G, ima modioli inuerſi, modò
                <lb/>
              ſursùm vbi nunc pingitur, retrahi poſſit. </s>
              <s id="s.000225">His
                <lb/>
              itaque ſic diſpoſitis, iaceat G, ſuper M Q, &
                <lb/>
              incipiat eleuari, tunc aër contentus in ſpatio
                <lb/>
              H, rarior factus demùm trahit Q, & eleuat:
                <lb/>
              cuius ſucceſſu aſcendit aër ex L, in K, ſpa­
                <lb/>
              tium, huius ſucceſſu aqua aſcendit ex B, in
                <lb/>
              L. </s>
              <s id="s.000226">Cùm autem embolus deſcendit aëris im­
                <lb/>
              pulſu, & plumbi grauitate, illicò Q, deſcen­
                <lb/>
              dit: quare aqua, quæ eſt in L, neceſſariò ma­
                <lb/>
              net: nam recluſo operculo MQ, ſi aqua deſ­
                <lb/>
              cenderet, conuelleretur modicus ille aër, qui
                <lb/>
              eſſet in ſuprema parte L, ſupra aquam, cùm
                <lb/>
              non poſſit alium haurire aërem ex K, pro­
                <lb/>
              pter periculum MQ: aër verò qui in K, con­
                <lb/>
              tinebatur, dum deſcendit per G, eleuans
                <lb/>
              operculum F, effugit ſpatium O, & per P,
                <lb/>
              foramen exit foràs: ita ſæpiùs repetito aſcen­
                <lb/>
              ſu, deſcenſúque G, & emboli, impletur lo­
                <lb/>
              cus L, aqua, pòſt rurſus eleuato G, & ob
                <lb/>
              motus primi rationem, ne aër in K, nimis
                <lb/>
              conuellatur, eleuato Q M, operculo aqua
                <lb/>
              ingreditur, ſpatium K, donec impleatur, &
                <lb/>
              ſimul cum eo ſpatium H, quod (vt dixi) com­
                <lb/>
              mune eſt cum K, quia G, eſt medioli os pa­
                <lb/>
              tens, & nulla ex parte concluſum. </s>
              <s id="s.000227">Sic igitur
                <lb/>
              iam plenum, & rurſus embolus deſcendat:
                <lb/>
              aqua igitur quæ in H, eſt, eleuabit opercu­
                <lb/>
              lum F, & implebit ſpatia N, & O. </s>
              <s id="s.000228">Cùm au­
                <lb/>
              tem ſursùm trahitur embolus, ne aqua, quæ
                <lb/>
              in O. aſcenderat, rursùm deſcendat, prohibet
                <lb/>
              operculum in F, quod grauitate tum propria,
                <lb/>
              tum aquæ ſuperincumbentis, cadens obturat
                <lb/>
              foramen. </s>
              <s id="s.000229">Itaque conſtat hac machina aquam
                <lb/>
              ſemper aſcendere, & nunquam poſſe deſ­
                <lb/>
              cendere: vnde cùm peruenerit ad P, effun­
                <lb/>
              ditur per P, os tubæ in locum, quem volue­
                <lb/>
              ris, tuncque minimo labore quantum voles
                <lb/>
              aquæ ex B, exhauries: nam plena iam tuba
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg20"/>
                <lb/>
              facilior fit motus emboli A. </s>
              <s id="s.000230">Tubæ verò qui­
                <lb/>
              bus ſiccantur naues, tum fontes & ſcaturigi­
                <lb/>
              nes aquarum, ſimpliciore conſtructione con­
                <lb/>
              ſtant. </s>
              <s id="s.000231">Manente ratione B, & C, ne lapides
                <lb/>
              machinam impediant, embolus quatuor
                <lb/>
              habet corij fruſta in imo, & totidem iuxtà,
                <lb/>
              duorum tamen cubitorum, aut paulò plus
                <lb/>
              ſpatio diſtincta, quæ ſupernè alligantur. </s>
              <s id="s.000232">Pal­
                <lb/>
              mi longitudo eſt eorum: & vt trahuntur,
                <lb/>
              aqua ingreditur vacui ratione: cùm deſcen­
                <lb/>
              dunt, dilatantur propter aëris impulſum, ſed
                <lb/>
              & ob celeritatem aliquid rurſus permeat
                <lb/>
              aquæ ſuperiùs. </s>
              <s id="s.000233">Itaque non ſolùm trahen­
                <lb/>
              do, ſed & premendo aqua aſcendit. </s>
              <s id="s.000234">Iam igi­
                <lb/>
              tur declarauimus exemplum quietis, quæ
                <lb/>
              fit per vacui fugam, hanc tamen docui­
                <lb/>
              mus potiùs debere dici raritatis violentiam: </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.000235">
                <margin.target id="marg20"/>
              Tubæ
                <expan abbr="hauriẽ-tes">haurien­
                  <lb/>
                tes</expan>
              aquas.</s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.011.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/011/1.jpg" number="5"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s id="s.000236">Horologij
                <lb/>
              mola.
                <lb/>
              fit enim à forma elementi fu­
                <lb/>
              gientis maiorem, quam ei con­
                <lb/>
              uenire poſſit, raritatem. </s>
              <s id="s.000237">Sic ea­
                <lb/>
              dem ratione appellabimus im­
                <lb/>
              pulſum, ſeu ſit motus, ſeu quies,
                <lb/>
              à denſitate, ſicut tertium ele­
                <lb/>
              menti motum, ſeu grauis ſit, ſeu
                <lb/>
              leuis. </s>
              <s id="s.000238">Exemplo igitur lucernæ
                <lb/>
              quies olei in ſuprema parte
                <lb/>
              oſtenſa eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.000239">Secundo autem
                <lb/>
              exemplo motus attractionis ob
                <lb/>
              raritatem, & impulſus ob den­
                <lb/>
              ſitatem, in machina Cteſibica
                <lb/>
              demonſtratur. </s>
              <s id="s.000240">Hoc tertio ſimi­
                <lb/>
              liter
                <expan abbr="vtriuſq;">vtriuſque</expan>
              motus exemplar,
                <lb/>
              ac quietis etiam grauis præter
                <lb/>
              naturam. </s>
              <s id="s.000241">Supereſt modò, vt
                <lb/>
              motum à ſola raritate, ſeu à va­
                <lb/>
              cuo quarto exemplo doceamus:
                <lb/>
              verùm id inferiùs exponere
                <lb/>
              oportet, ratione quadam ſin­
                <lb/>
              gulari, cùm motus elemento­
                <lb/>
              rum docebimus. </s>
              <s id="s.000242">Nunc verò
                <lb/>
              motum qui ob ſolam fit denſi­
                <lb/>
              tatem aggrediemur, cuius
                <lb/>
              exemplum in tormentis bellicis
                <lb/>
              patuit, in quibus impulſus mo­
                <lb/>
              tus ſolum apparet. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000243">Eiuſdem planè generis eſt
                <lb/>
              motus, qui fit in molis horologiorum, ſi­
                <lb/>
              cut baliſtarum ex raritate, tum ſcorpio­
                <lb/>
              num, ac eiuſcemodi generis tormentorum:
                <lb/>
              nam cùm nimium tenditur neruus, vt ſe
                <lb/>
              contrahat, impulſu mouetur acriore, ac
                <lb/>
              impoſitum lapidem, aut ſagittam impel­
                <lb/>
              lit. </s>
              <s id="s.000244">Itaque ad motum raritatis hæc ratio re­
                <lb/>
              ducitur. </s>
              <s id="s.000245">Contraria igitur ( vr dixi ) ratio­
                <lb/>
              ne, mola torquetur in horologio: nam
                <lb/>
              chalybs mollis redditus, in tenuem bra­
                <lb/>
              cteam prolongam & ſtrictam, vt in figu­
                <lb/>
              ra vides, redigitur; inde per vim in or­
                <lb/>
              bem arctiſſime colligitur, capſulæque in­
                <lb/>
              cluditur. </s>
              <s id="s.000246">Funis autem tenuis, ſed validior,
                <lb/>
              circumuoluitur capſulæ, cuius extremum
                <lb/>
              axi rotæ latiori nectitur. </s>
              <s id="s.000247">Ita fit, vt dum
                <lb/>
              chalybs denſitate nimia preſſus tenditur,
                <lb/>
              capſulam circumuoluat, quæ trahit funem:
                <lb/>
              inde axis ſenſim circumuolutus, rota à qua
                <lb/>
              denticulis implicatis aliæ circumaguntur,
                <lb/>
              ſecum agit. </s>
              <s id="s.000248">Sextum exemplum eſt, quónam
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg21"/>
                <lb/>
              pacto quies ex impulſu poſſit contingere.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.000249">Huius generis eſt vrceus aqua plenus fiſtu­
                <lb/>
              lam inanem habens: cùm enim fiſtula ver­
                <lb/>
              titur inferiùs, aqua ipſa pendere vide­
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.000250">Simili ratione lapides ſuper aquam
                <lb/>
              iacti reſiliunt: & ſitula aqua plena cir­
                <lb/>
              cumuelociter acta, non effundit aquam:
                <lb/>
              quia cùm tempus deſit aëris diuiſioni, ne </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
Impressum