Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005027">
                <pb pagenum="466" xlink:href="016/01/115.jpg"/>
              digitum, totus rubet: iaſpidis refert ſpe­
                <lb/>
              ciem. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005028">
                <margin.target id="marg710"/>
              Achates, &
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              eius mira
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              varietas.</s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.115.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/115/1.jpg" number="66"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s id="s.005029">Expertus, quòd ſomnum conciliat:</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005030">Et ſomnia plena grauitatis oſtendit om­
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              nia, vanitate remota, prudentiam quoque
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              auget. </s>
              <s id="s.005031">Nihilominus quia dum ferre multa
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              paſſus ſum infortunia, præter errorem ac
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              expectationem, iam ſecundò illum depo­
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              ſui. </s>
              <s id="s.005032">Alij etiam achates referunt auium ocu­
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              los, & nos talem habemus: alij autem piſ­
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              cium. </s>
              <s id="s.005033">Ponticus, qui ſanguineis guttis in­
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              terſtinguitur, aut atris, montium refert &
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              conuallium imagines. </s>
              <s id="s.005034">Quidam humanos
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              oculos, leucophthalmi: quidam lupi, ly­
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              cophthalmi: quidam capræ, ægophthalmi
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              vocati. </s>
              <s id="s.005035">Vidi & viridem perſpicuum lineis
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              duabus candidis pulcherimè diſtinctum,
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              quem dubiæ naturæ eſſe crediderim, potius
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg711"/>
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              inter achatem & praſſium. </s>
              <s id="s.005036">Nam velut in
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              animalibus muli ex aſino & equa, & ly­
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              ciſca è lupo & cane, ita & lapides quan­
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              doque miſcentur è vario genere, miſta
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              eorum materia, cauſiſque illos producen­
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              tibus. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005037">
                <margin.target id="marg711"/>
              Lapides è
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              duobus gene­
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              ribus quem­
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              admodum &
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              animalia
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              gignantur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005038">Cæterùm quod ad achatem Pyrrhi regis
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              attinet, nimis ridiculum puto, caſu illum
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              adeò ad amuſſim ornatum, ac diſtinctum
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg712"/>
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              fuiſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.005039">Hoc igitur ſic contingit. </s>
              <s id="s.005040">Pictor va­
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              lidis coloribus lapidem aliquem è marmo­
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              rum genere pinxit, vt nouem Muſæ pul­
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              ſantem in medio Apollinem mirarentur. </s>
              <s id="s.005041">In­
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              de ſeu caſu, ſeu ex induſtria lapis ille ſe­
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              pultus iacuit per multos annos, eo in loco
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              vbi achatis gigni lapides ſolent: contin­
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              git itaque circumcirca gigni achatem per­
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              ſpicuum & aqueum, inde inuentus refere­
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              bat Muſas & Apollinem illum quaſi natu­
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              ræ induſtria fabricatum, cùm achates iam
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              gemma eſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.005042">Nam ſi ſpicæ & muſcus ar­
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              boribus hærens in achatem tranſeunt tra­
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              ctu temporis, vt ego achatem habuerim,
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              cum quinque ſpicis, quas diceres nunc è tri­
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              tico excidiſſe, & tamen lapis erant, imò gem­
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              ma: ſic etiam muſci non parua pars ad­
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              erat: quantò facilius pictus lapis mollis
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              ille, in achatem potuit tranſire? </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005043">
                <margin.target id="marg712"/>
              Modus
                <expan abbr="faciẽ">faciem</expan>
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              di achatem
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              mirabilem.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005044">Itaque ſi loca achatum quis obſeruare ve­
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              lit, & maximè vbi perſpicui generantur (hoc
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              enim eſt neceſſarium
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſepeliat verò pictu­
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              ram ex coloribus perpetuis, quales ſunt cæ­
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              ruleus & aureus, metallo conſtans, tum ma­
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              ximè ſi cera punica pauco oleo temperata
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              alióve perpetuo, ſed perſpicuo tamen vn­
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              guento opus liniat, quale eſt quod apud nos
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              Vernix liquida vocatur, quæ picturis abſo­
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              lutis pretioſioribus ſolet induci, achates naſ­
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              cetur ſic pictus. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005045">Verùm dices, Frequens hic eſſet acha­
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              tes ſic pictus, ſi tam parua arte parari poſ­
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              ſet? </s>
              <s id="s.005046">At non animaduertis primò oportere
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              ſepeliri, vbi gignantur achates, tum verò
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              achatem, qui circumducitur eſſe ſplendi­
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              dum & perſpicuum: ac intra paucos an­
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              nos tranſire in gemmam, antequam pereat
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              pictura, nec dilui prius aliquo externo hu­
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              more, ne aboleatur imago, demum con­
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              tingere, vt abſolutus effodiatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005047">Quot enim
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              piſces ſunt, quos nemo vnquam piſcatur,
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              & ferè in nemoribus aues quas nullus vn­
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              quam cepit, ſpontéque ſua in propriis lo­
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              cis obeunt, tot eſſe exiſtima gemmas, quæ
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              latitantes locis quo genitæ ſunt, nunquam
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              in lucem prodeunt, ſed in primam matrem
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              terram, vt coaluerunt vetuſtate, ita in ean­
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              dem reuertuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.005048">Tametſi achates varie­
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              tate nobilis ſit, quia tamen parum ſplen­
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              det, rarò pretium ingens habet inter gem­
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              mas. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005049">Chryſolithus verò longè nobilior eſt
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              æſtimatione achate, hunc vocant noſtri
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              topazium, ſicut verum topazium, chryſo­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg713"/>
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              lithum. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005050">
                <margin.target id="marg713"/>
              Topazius,
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              qui eſt ve­
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              rè chryſoli­
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              thus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005051">Inquit enim Plinius: Chryſolithus au­
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              tem, gemma eſt aurei coloris, micans. </s>
              <s id="s.005052">At­
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              que hæc ipſa de noſtro topazio vulgari ve­
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              ra ſunt: quanquam enim topazius Germa­
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              nicus, vt pleræque aliæ gemmæ, quæ ſub
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              frigida zona inueniuntur, mollior ſit: quòd
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              calor non poſſit adeò ſuccum illum attenua­
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              re, atque durare gemmam ( nam, vt dixi,
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              duritiei cauſa eſt perfecta concretio, quæ
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              fit dum minutiſſimæ partes inuicem com­
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              miſcentur) attamen non de illo chryſolitho,
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              ſed de Orientali loquitur Plinius, quem pa­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg714"/>
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              làm eſt prædurum eſſe, ac tantæ duritiei, vt
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              ſapphiro parum, aut nihil cedat. </s>
              <s id="s.005053">Itaque
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              hanc ob cauſam ego in chryſolitho effigiem
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              meam cælari iuſſi, cum prima nominis, ac
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              prænominis litera. </s>
              <s id="s.005054">Elegi hunc lapidem,
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              quòd ſit duriſſimus, atque ob id æternum
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              opus, ſplendeátque non parum. </s>
              <s id="s.005055">Rarus ta­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg715"/>
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              men eſt chryſolithus abſque maculis qui­
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              buſdam nigris, à quibus vitiatur: alioquin
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              gemma non vulgaris. </s>
              <s id="s.005056">Creditum eſt libidi­
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              nem ſupra omnem opinionem coërcere, ſi
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              tangens carnem geſtetur. </s>
              <s id="s.005057">Albertus ſcribit,
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              in aqua feruentem immiſſum, illius feruo­
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              rem tollere: quod haud verum eſt, ſed mul­
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              ta ( vt ſolet
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in his fabulatur: quædam ta­
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              men quæ expertum ſe ait de gemmis, ac la­
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              pidibus, ſuo loco retulimus, ac referemus:
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              neque enim mendax fuit, ſed minimum cre­
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              dulus, vt mos eſt eorum, qui talia ſectantur,
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              aut ſcribunt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005058">
                <margin.target id="marg714"/>
              Cur gemmæ
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              boreales ple­
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              runque
                <expan abbr="limã">limam</expan>
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              ſentiant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005059">
                <margin.target id="marg715"/>
              Chyſolithi
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              vires.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005060">Cæterum, gemmam eſſe ingentis frigo­
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              ris exiſtimo, hoc argumento, quòd ſitim
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              ſub lingua poſita febricitantium mitiget:
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              quòd quamvis etiam cryſtallo, & aliis pluri­
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              bus gemmis commune ſit, non tamen adeò
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              euidenter. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005061">Ergo topazium nunc habemus, qui
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg716"/>
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              fuit antiquorum chryſolithus: atque con­
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              traria ratione, quem nunc vocamus chry­
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              ſolithum, Topazius eſt verus antiquorum.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005062">Inquit enim Plinius: Topazium ſubuiri­
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              dem eſſe gemmam, quæ ſola inter gem­
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              mas à cote poliatur, ob mollitiem, li­
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              máque tangatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005063">Quæ omnia de chryſoli­
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              tho à noſtris vocato, ſunt veriſſima: nam
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              lima tangitur, & eſt aurei coloris, non
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              ſynceri, ſed ſubuiridis, & ob mollitiem
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              rota ſtannea expoliunt ipſum: nitorem etiam </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
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