Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005538">
                <pb pagenum="477" xlink:href="016/01/126.jpg"/>
              ad boream ferrum dirigit, vel ad auſtrum.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005539">Relinquere etiam aliquas dubitationes po­
                <lb/>
              ſteris licet. </s>
              <s id="s.005540">Nunc ad ferrugineum magnetem
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              oratio ipſa retrahatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005541">Naſcitur in Hiſpania
                <lb/>
              & Ilua etiam inſula, quæ inter Cyrnum ſeu
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              Corſicam, atque Italiam iacet. </s>
              <s id="s.005542">Elba nunc
                <lb/>
              dicitur, pluribúſque aliis regionibus: ſed
                <lb/>
              propinquioribus adduximus, vt manifeſti
                <lb/>
              erroris arguantur, qui ob regiones ipſas, in
                <lb/>
              quibus oritur ferrum, dirigi putant: neque
                <lb/>
              enim regiones ipſæ vbi oritur hic lapis, re­
                <lb/>
              ſpiciunt oras eas, quas ferrum magnete illi­
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              tum, neque vna eſt tantùm regio, quæ illum
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              ferat. </s>
              <s id="s.005543">Eſt & ſubſtantia ferro ac pondere ſi­
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              milis, vt maſculus quaſi dicatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005544">Porrò in
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              his, quæ ſenſu prædita ſunt, maſculus ad fœ­
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              minam mouetur: ſenſu enim trahitur. </s>
              <s id="s.005545">In his
                <lb/>
              quæ ſenſu carent, fœmina à maſculo trahi­
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              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.005546">Ob id igitur ferrum à magnete trahitur
                <lb/>
              ac rapitur: mutuò tamen (vt dixi
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              feruntur
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              alterum ad alterum. </s>
              <s id="s.005547">Sed cur nullum aliud
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              metallum à lapide vllo alio trahitur? </s>
              <s id="s.005548">quo­
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              niam nullum metallum adeò frigidum eſt,
                <lb/>
              quemadmodum ferrum, neque forſan om­
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              ninò eſſe non poteſt, vt metalla alia ab aliis
                <lb/>
              trahantur lapidibus. </s>
              <s id="s.005549">Viribus celebrantur,
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              ſarcophagus, calamochus, halcyonium, pu­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg792"/>
                <lb/>
              mex, ſmiris, tripolis. </s>
              <s id="s.005550">Sarcophagus quaſi car­
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              nes edens, leuis, candidus, ſubcinereus, fria­
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              bilis, in cuius ſuperficie ſumma velut ferina
                <lb/>
              quædem leuis reſidet, in imo autem at­
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              que intus vt venæ luteæ. </s>
              <s id="s.005551">Ex hoc antiqui ſe­
                <lb/>
              pulchra faciebant, quòd in quadraginta
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              diebus corpora ipſa præter dentes abſume­
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              rentur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005552">
                <margin.target id="marg792"/>
              Sarcophagus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005553">Eadem verò ratione calx viua in cryptas
                <lb/>
              concameratas iniecta, ſuperfuſa aqua, ſi in
                <lb/>
              ea cadauera ſepeliantur, exedi ſolent, tum
                <lb/>
              verò à cadmia cum terra mixta: immodicè
                <lb/>
              enim omne tenue atque ſiccum, & quod vre­
                <lb/>
              re poteſt, abſumit, non ſolùm carnes mor­
                <lb/>
              tuorum, ſed etiam oſſa: atque non ſolum mor­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg793"/>
                <lb/>
              tuorum, ſed etiam viuentium: vnde fit eſcha­
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              roticum abſque dolore, facilè quod autem
                <lb/>
              pertundit in horis 24. Si ſana eſt cutis, ipſum
                <lb/>
              ſolum corio circumdatum imponitur: ſin au­
                <lb/>
              tem ſanies, vt in ſuppurationibus ſubeſt, lo­
                <lb/>
              cus aceto acerrimo lauatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005554">Conſtat medi­
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              camentum è tenore ſapone, & calce viua
                <lb/>
              tenuiſſimè miſtis, adeò vt in vnguenti mol­
                <lb/>
              lis formam tranſeat. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005555">
                <margin.target id="marg793"/>
                <expan abbr="Eſcharoticũ">Eſcharoticum</expan>
                <lb/>
              ſine dolore.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005556">Ergo eadem ratione ſarcophagus confert,
                <lb/>
              ſi quid aliud doloribus podagricorum, hu­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg794"/>
                <lb/>
              mores extenuando. </s>
              <s id="s.005557">Sed & acetum verum
                <lb/>
              quantò acrius, eò magis vt dolore, ita & ſen­
                <lb/>
              ſu priuat: nam euocant hæc quod intus eſt,
                <lb/>
              & attenuat, & diſſoluit: ideò ſtrenuè ſiccat.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg795"/>
                <lb/>
              Calamochus ſeu adarces, harundinum ſpu­
                <lb/>
              ma, in humidis ac paluſtribus locis circa ha­
                <lb/>
              rundines, & cremia naſcitur, in ſiccitati­
                <lb/>
              bus ſapore ſubſalſo, viribus ſarcophago
                <lb/>
              non abſimilis. </s>
              <s id="s.005558">Colos alij lapidis, fora­
                <lb/>
              minibus plenus, calidiſſimus eſt, & acer­
                <lb/>
              rimus.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg796"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005559">
                <margin.target id="marg794"/>
                <expan abbr="Podagricorũ">Podagricorum</expan>
                <lb/>
              doloribus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005560">
                <margin.target id="marg795"/>
              Calamochus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005561">
                <margin.target id="marg796"/>
              Halcyo­
                <lb/>
              nium.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005562">Huic ſimile viribus, & forma ferè quod
                <lb/>
              vocatur halcyonium, id eſt, maris ſpuma: &
                <lb/>
              eſt copioſum, at in vſu. </s>
              <s id="s.005563">Videtur autem à ni­
                <lb/>
              do auium deductum nomen, de quo dicemus
                <lb/>
              inferius. </s>
              <s id="s.005564">Sed non ſolùm nidum verùm maris
                <lb/>
              recrementum quoddam vile hoc nomine
                <lb/>
              appellamus: & vt in vniuerſum dicam, Hal­
                <lb/>
              cyonium homonymum eſt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005565">Pumicem conſtat eſſe genus lapidis mol­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg797"/>
                <lb/>
              lioris, igne ſulphureo exuſti, ac per auras de­
                <lb/>
              lati. </s>
              <s id="s.005566">Prohibere dicitur muſtum ne ferueat,
                <lb/>
              & præſumptum ebrietatem, ſed non abſque
                <lb/>
              iactura vehementi. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005567">
                <margin.target id="marg797"/>
              Pumex.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005568">Smiris è genere eſt lapidum Oſtracoſo­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg798"/>
                <lb/>
              rum: atterit ænea rota, gemmas pleraſque, &
                <lb/>
              dentes mundat fricando. </s>
              <s id="s.005569">Porrò lapide, &
                <lb/>
              fragmentis Obſidianæ cælabant gemmas
                <lb/>
              Romani. </s>
              <s id="s.005570">Quòd ſi non ſit Smiris Potus lapis,
                <lb/>
              ignotum illis eum fuiſſe neceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005571">Te­
                <lb/>
              nuium partium ac denſarum, ſolidæque ſub­
                <lb/>
              ſtantiæ eſt Smiris, adeò vt ferrum poliat &
                <lb/>
              exacuat: nitorémque illi, & chalybi addit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005572">Nitor enim fit deraſa ſuperficie, donec
                <lb/>
              æqualis ac denſa reddatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005573">Quamobrem
                <lb/>
              quædam nitent, quædam non. </s>
              <s id="s.005574">Nitent quæ­
                <lb/>
              cunque dura, ac vt magis, & denſa. </s>
              <s id="s.005575">Itaque
                <lb/>
              lapilli pretioſi magis metallis, & metalla li­
                <lb/>
              gnis. </s>
              <s id="s.005576">Et inter lapides adamas, quòd ſit duriſ­
                <lb/>
              ſimus: inter metalla aurum, quòd ſit denſiſ­
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              ſimum: inter ligna ebenus, inter oſſa ebur,
                <lb/>
              inter cornua buffali, eiſdem rationibus, &
                <lb/>
              quæcunque his erunt denſiora ac duriora,
                <lb/>
              magis ſplendebunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005577">Additur ergo ſplendor
                <lb/>
              polita ſuperficie, auróque ilito, quod aurum
                <lb/>
              quantumuis tenue ſit, ſit ſemper denſiſſi­
                <lb/>
              mum. </s>
              <s id="s.005578">Quæ verò expoliunt, dura omnia at­
                <lb/>
              que æqualia ſunt: quod verò æquale eſt,
                <lb/>
              idem tenue, vel ex tenuibus. </s>
              <s id="s.005579">Quamobrem
                <lb/>
              exactiùs expolit ſmiride tripolis: hæc gleba
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg799"/>
                <lb/>
              ferruginea eſt croceo proximior, aut ſi vis
                <lb/>
              tener lapis: non ob duritiem, ſed ob tenui­
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              tatem ſubſtantiæ. </s>
              <s id="s.005580">Multa autem videntur in
                <lb/>
              his molliora, cùm dura ſint. </s>
              <s id="s.005581">Quædam ex
                <lb/>
              mollibus dura conſtant tenaci glutino, vt ſi­
                <lb/>
              lex: alia ex duris mollia, vt tripolis. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005582">
                <margin.target id="marg798"/>
              Smiris.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005583">
                <margin.target id="marg799"/>
              Tripolis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005584">Fit & tartarum ex vini fæce, quod in de­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg800"/>
                <lb/>
              tergendo compar non habet: ob id ſordida,
                <lb/>
              & duris nata locis, & carnis excreſcentia
                <lb/>
              purgat, ac viuam carnem oſtendit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005585">
                <margin.target id="marg800"/>
              Tartarum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005586">Gypſum terra candida, tenax, leuis, fin­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg801"/>
                <lb/>
              gendis operibus idonea, glutinans vlcera, &
                <lb/>
              illius flos à pluribus talchum vocatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005587">Sunt
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg802"/>
                <lb/>
              qui talchum lapidem alium a ſpeculari eſſe
                <lb/>
              velint. </s>
              <s id="s.005588">Quicquid ſit talchum, eſt ſimile vitro
                <lb/>
              ſquamoſum, & perſpicuum, ac quaſi ſpecu­
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              lare. </s>
              <s id="s.005589">Epotum talchum vnius auellanæ pon­
                <lb/>
              dere, difficultati inteſtinorum mirum in
                <lb/>
              modum prodeſt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005590">
                <margin.target id="marg801"/>
              Gypſum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005591">
                <margin.target id="marg802"/>
              Talchum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005592">Ex eodem genere lapis eſſe videtur cru­
                <lb/>
              ſtaceus, coloris nigri, aureis diſtinctus vęnis,
                <lb/>
              ex quo tabulæ fiunt, quæ ex Norimberga
                <lb/>
              deferuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.005593">Forma lapides inſignes ſunt abſ­
                <lb/>
              que numero. </s>
              <s id="s.005594">Cauſa varietatis ea, quæ in
                <lb/>
              herbis atque arboribus dicetur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005595">Trochites ſtriatus in plano: & in plani
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg803"/>
                <lb/>
              medio punctus eſt, ex quo diriguntur ſtriæ:
                <lb/>
              ſed planum illud leui tympano circumanbi­
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.005596">In aceto poſitus non ſecùs ac Aſtroites
                <lb/>
              mouetur ſpontè. </s>
              <s id="s.005597">Entrochos verò ex multis
                <lb/>
              Trochitis componitur: éſtque vis eius qua­
                <lb/>
              lis partium ex quibus conſtat. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005598">
                <margin.target id="marg803"/>
              Trochites.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005599">Pentacrinos quinque lilia refert, ſtria­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg804"/>
                <lb/>
              tus lapis. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005600">
                <margin.target id="marg804"/>
              Pentacrines.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005601">Encrinos è pluribus conſtat Pentachrinis,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg805"/>
                <lb/>
              ruber lapis, nigro adnaſcens. </s>
              <s id="s.005602">Sic Belenites
                <lb/>
              forma eſt ſagittæ, rimam habens intùs </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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