Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007441">
                <pb pagenum="516" xlink:href="016/01/165.jpg"/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1079"/>
                <lb/>
              indigerent, & formicæ viſu, quòd terreſtre
                <lb/>
              animal non adeò viſu indigerent, cornibus
                <lb/>
              auxiliantibus, quæ illis loco baculi ſunt ad
                <lb/>
              prætentandam viam, velut & limacibus: hæ
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              enim ob ſiccam temperiem, illæ ob paruita­
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              tem oculis priuatæ, cornua pro baculo ac­
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              ceperunt vt cæci. </s>
              <s id="s.007442">Nullum autem animal vo­
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              lans poterat eſſe cæcum, nam adeò ſenſim
                <lb/>
              animal volare poteſt, quin impingat & ex­
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              cidat, ſi viſu careat: Apibus verò cùm paruæ
                <lb/>
              eſſent, & oculis indigerent, ſuſtulit auditum,
                <lb/>
              ne in tam paruo capite ambo ſenſus collo­
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              cati fierent, ob imperfectionem inutiles.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007443">Formicæ igitur cæcæ, apes verò ſurdæ meri­
                <lb/>
              tò fuerunt: retinent tamen forſan vræque
                <lb/>
              imaginem quandam ſenſus deficientis. </s>
              <s id="s.007444">Sed
                <lb/>
              alij tres ſenſus, tametſi imperfecti ſint, ma­
                <lb/>
              gis tamen ob vitæ neceſſitatem vigent. </s>
              <s id="s.007445">Sunt
                <lb/>
              autem, vt dixi, guſtus, odoratus, & tactus.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007446">Iuxta hos igitur inuenta ratio depellendi
                <lb/>
              hæc animalia. </s>
              <s id="s.007447">Tactu quidem metalla refu­
                <lb/>
              giunt, & lapides ob frigus: cùm enim ſint
                <lb/>
              exanguia, frigida ſunt, & à frigore ob calo­
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              ris inopiam maximè læduntur. </s>
              <s id="s.007448">Calce illita
                <lb/>
              cimices necantur, quoniam in parietum fo­
                <lb/>
              raminibus viuunt: ob id inuat lectos à pa­
                <lb/>
              rietibus remouere: viuunt & in libris adeò
                <lb/>
              ſanguine pleni vt haud dubium ſit natura
                <lb/>
              non hauſtu tales eſſe: quamobrem ſpiritu
                <lb/>
              humano maximè eorum generatio conſtat.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007449">Ab odore, quoniam omnia refugiunt odo­
                <lb/>
              rem, qui fit animalibus ſui generis exuſtis.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.007450">Ita locuſtæ fugiunt, docente natura, locuſta­
                <lb/>
              rum nidorem, & formicæ formicarum, cra­
                <lb/>
              brones crabronum. </s>
              <s id="s.007451">Fugiunt & omnem im­
                <lb/>
              modicè ſiccum odorem, ob ídque cedriam
                <lb/>
              etiam non exuſtam, & cerui cornu dum cre­
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              matur. </s>
              <s id="s.007452">Cùm enim ſint ſicca hæc animalia,
                <lb/>
              vt dixi, à ſiccis vehementer offenduntur. </s>
              <s id="s.007453">Gu­
                <lb/>
              ſtu verò amara refugiunt, vt abſinthium
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1080"/>
                <lb/>
              abrotonúmque. </s>
              <s id="s.007454">Et ob id talia in veſtibus
                <lb/>
              ſparſa, tum folia citrij, & nardi, & ſabina
                <lb/>
              cedria & duplici ratione, altera quidem
                <lb/>
              quòd amara ſunt, reliqua quòd ſiccum odo­
                <lb/>
              rem atque vehementem ſpargunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007455">Eadem
                <lb/>
              ratione aceti odor culices, & ſimilia pellit,
                <lb/>
              eſt enim acris: non tamen muſcas, quo­
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              niam (vt dictum eſt) culex dulci magis ma­
                <lb/>
              teria gaudet, nam in aquis & humidioribus
                <lb/>
              locis gignitur quàm muſca. </s>
              <s id="s.007456">Ob id referunt,
                <lb/>
              ſpongiam acri, aceto plenam in medio cu­
                <lb/>
              biculi ſuſpenſam, arcere culices ne cubicu­
                <lb/>
              lum illud ingrediantur. </s>
              <s id="s.007457">In locis vbi abun­
                <lb/>
              dant, claudunt cubiculi feneſtras antequam
                <lb/>
              lumen referatur. </s>
              <s id="s.007458">Nam ad claritatem lucis
                <lb/>
              hoc animal, vt pleraque talia, accedit liben­
                <lb/>
              ter, adeò vt genus ſit quoddam papilionis,
                <lb/>
              quod non ceſſat ad lumen toties ac tam pro­
                <lb/>
              pè accedere, donec conſumptis ab igne alis
                <lb/>
              decidat & moriatur. </s>
              <s id="s.007459">Vocant hoc genus vul­
                <lb/>
              gari ſermone farfallam: erophon Græcè li­
                <lb/>
              ceat appellare, ſi Latinum nomen non ha­
                <lb/>
              beat. </s>
              <s id="s.007460">Quæ verò illa arcent, cùm (vt dixi) acria
                <lb/>
              omnia & amara, peculiari tamen ratione
                <lb/>
              ſtaphiſagria quaſi dicas vua ſylueſtris, adeò
                <lb/>
              vt intrita oleo atque filo eo imbuto ſi cir­
                <lb/>
              cundetur capiti, omnes pediculi refugiunt,
                <lb/>
              aut moriuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.007461">Culices verò cannabe foren­
                <lb/>
              ſe indita cubiculo. </s>
              <s id="s.007462">Pilo etiam equino ante
                <lb/>
              cubiculum ſuſpenſo non ingredi putant: fa­
                <lb/>
              bulæque hoc propius quam præſtigiæ eſſe
                <lb/>
              videtur In priore genere eſt cucumer agre­
                <lb/>
              ſtis, elleborus niger, maius dracontium &
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1081"/>
                <lb/>
              raphanus, cuius ſucco perunctos negant à
                <lb/>
              ſerpentibus vulnerari. </s>
              <s id="s.007463">Corij quoque cremati
                <lb/>
              odor, quo etiam hyſtericæ mulieres reuocari
                <lb/>
              ſolent, ſerpentes fugat. </s>
              <s id="s.007464">Referunt, quendam
                <lb/>
              qui viperam dormiens deuorauerat fumo
                <lb/>
              corij liberatum, illa refugiente fumum quem
                <lb/>
              æger ore excipiebat. </s>
              <s id="s.007465">Certum eſt igne omnes
                <lb/>
              fugari ſerpentes, & non ſolùm ſerpentes, ſed
                <lb/>
              ferarum pleraſque. </s>
              <s id="s.007466">Et quæ ſerpentes fugant,
                <lb/>
              ea omnia inſecta occîdunt, fugántque. </s>
              <s id="s.007467">Pu­
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              ſillum tamen ignem & lucem multa inſe­
                <lb/>
              ctorum genera amant, vt muſcæ, culices, pa­
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              piliones: amant & cancri, & mugiles perni­
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              cie ſua. </s>
              <s id="s.007468">Omnia tamen hæc magnum ignem
                <lb/>
              timent. </s>
              <s id="s.007469">Ignis etiam illa occîdit, & oua delet
                <lb/>
              atque illuuiem qua genus eorum (vt dixi)
                <lb/>
              reparatur. </s>
              <s id="s.007470">Quæcunque etiam in hudo latita­
                <lb/>
              re ſolent, ſub ſole celerrimè pereunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007471">Nuper
                <lb/>
              cùm menſe Iulio ſcilicet, ſcorpiones in
                <lb/>
              oleum (quod aduerſus febres parare ſoleo)
                <lb/>
              immittere vellem, in ſole repoſui, ſtatim è
                <lb/>
              furfuribus diſcurrere cœperunt: erant autem
                <lb/>
              circiter decem. </s>
              <s id="s.007472">Ego exiſtimabam, ipſo calo­
                <lb/>
              re viuidiores factos: verùm momento extin­
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              ctos omnes inueni: vt res miraculo proxima
                <lb/>
              exiſtimari poſſet, ſi idem in talpis non con­
                <lb/>
              tingeret. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007473">
                <margin.target id="marg1076"/>
              Myuſcij ob
                <lb/>
              culices oppi­
                <lb/>
              dum deſer­
                <lb/>
              uerunt.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007474">
                <margin.target id="marg1077"/>
              Inſecta om­
                <lb/>
              nia quomodo
                <lb/>
              pellantur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007475">
                <margin.target id="marg1078"/>
              Apes ſurda. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007476">
                <margin.target id="marg1079"/>
              Formicæ cæ­
                <lb/>
              cæ.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007477">
                <margin.target id="marg1080"/>
              Panni ne ti­
                <lb/>
              nei,
                <expan abbr="inſeſtãtur">inſfſtan­
                  <lb/>
                tur</expan>
              . </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007478">
                <margin.target id="marg1081"/>
              Serpentes
                <lb/>
              quibus fu­
                <lb/>
              gentur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007479">Quædam verò proprietate quadam ea re­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1082"/>
                <lb/>
              pellunt, vt platanus fertur veſpertiliones: ne­
                <lb/>
              que enim hoc animal ad eam arborem ac­
                <lb/>
              cedere affirmant. </s>
              <s id="s.007480">Inuentum vtiliſſimum fuit
                <lb/>
              amurcam olei calci miſcuiſſe ad illiniendas
                <lb/>
              tabernas pannorum, ne araneæ, blattæve
                <expan abbr="pã-nos">pan­
                  <lb/>
                nos</expan>
                <expan abbr="infeſtẽt">infeſtent</expan>
              :
                <expan abbr="prohibétq;">prohibétque</expan>
              vdum. </s>
              <s id="s.007481">Et forſan pro­
                <lb/>
              prietate quadam inſecta omnia arcet amur­
                <lb/>
              ca, aut odore id facit, vel quia vdum prohi­
                <lb/>
              bet illorum originem: ab vdo enim generan­
                <lb/>
              tur, aut ab omnibus his. </s>
              <s id="s.007482">Quædam verò etiam
                <lb/>
              de his inferius exponemus, peculiariter qui­
                <lb/>
              dem aduerſus cimices ingratum animal, prę­
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              ter reliqua
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              odore tetro: & aduerſus for­
                <lb/>
              micas. </s>
              <s id="s.007483">Nunc ſatis ſit de his
                <expan abbr="ſermonẽ">ſermonem</expan>
              habuiſ­
                <lb/>
              ſe. </s>
              <s id="s.007484">Adeò verò ante nos non perſpecta ratione
                <lb/>
              cæcutierunt veteres, vt Plinius neget locu­
                <lb/>
              ſtis oculos eſſe, quaſi nunquam locuſtas vi­
                <lb/>
              derit: conſpicui enim ſunt ac prægrandes: he­
                <lb/>
              beti tamen ſunt viſu, vt diximus. </s>
              <s id="s.007485">Nos verò
                <lb/>
              etiamſi locuſtas non vidiſſemus, prouincia­
                <lb/>
              re tutò auſi eſſemus, oculos illas habere, quòd
                <lb/>
              eſſe
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              poſſit, vt animal volatu
                <expan abbr="præditũ">præditum</expan>
                <expan abbr="cæcũ">cæcum</expan>
                <lb/>
              ſit: imò ſi animali volanti oculos effodias, vo­
                <lb/>
              lare deſinet, ſui periculi memor. </s>
              <s id="s.007486">Hæc igitur
                <lb/>
              atque alia demonſtrando intelligere licet.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1083"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007487">
                <margin.target id="marg1082"/>
              Veſpertilio
                <lb/>
              non accedit
                <lb/>
              ad
                <expan abbr="platanũ">platanum</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007488">
                <margin.target id="marg1083"/>
              Cur quibuſ­
                <lb/>
              dam anima­
                <lb/>
              libus præciſa
                <lb/>
              membra re­
                <lb/>
              generentur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007489">Proprium videtur eſſe animalibus è putre­
                <lb/>
              dine genitis, quòd inſecta ſint, vt pręciſa
                <expan abbr="mẽ-bra">menm
                  <lb/>
                bra</expan>
              illis renaſcantur: vt caudæ ſerpentum &
                <lb/>
              lacertorum, chelæ cancrorum, oculi hirundi­
                <lb/>
              num certè, & vt multi exiſtimant, etiam ſer­
                <lb/>
              pentum. </s>
              <s id="s.007490">Cauſa huius eſt, quòd imperfecta
                <lb/>
              ſunt: vnde non hirundinibus, ſed pullis hi­
                <lb/>
              rundinum oculi renaſcuntur, & in fœtibus
                <lb/>
              etiam perſæpè, dum in vtero ſunt membra
                <lb/>
              oblæſa reſtaurantur. </s>
              <s id="s.007491">Medici ob id quòd hu­
                <lb/>
              midiora ſunt, dicerent. </s>
              <s id="s.007492">Forſan vtraque cauſa
                <lb/>
              vera dici poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.007493">In genere igitur inſecto­
                <lb/>
              rum erunt teſtudines, & crocodili, & cha­
                <lb/>
              mæleontes, & quæcunque quadrupeda </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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