Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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            <pb pagenum="520" xlink:href="016/01/169.jpg"/>
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              <s id="s.007643">Solùm id forſan admiratione dignum vi­
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              deri poterit multis, cur natura his quidem
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              nullius propemodum vſus, multa & præ­
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              clara dederit ad ſe tuendum auxilia, aliis
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              autem fermè nulla: vt chamæleonti qui­
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              dem, cuius nomen leonem humilem ſeu
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              terrenum ſonat, non dentes, non curſum,
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              non robur, non vngues: crocodilo tam im­
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              mani feræ aciem videndi acrem, peracutos
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              & validos vngues, & dentes truculentos,
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              celeritatem tantam, vt etiam canes minus
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              generoſos aſſequatur: vnde etiam ratum
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              adagium: ſicut canis ad Nilum bibit & fu­
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              git: corium impenetrabile, caudæ tantum
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              roboris vt nauigia parua euertat, crura
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              equorum omnia vno ictu atterat, vt nihil
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              amplius ad illius ſalutem videatur excogi­
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              tari poſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.007644">Illud demum addidit, quod ma­
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              ximum eſt, vt ſcilicet in vtroque viueret
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              elemento abſque diſcrimine, quod priuile­
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              gium nulli alij animali tam liberè conceſ­
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              ſum eſt: vt ſi vis aliqua in terris eum oppri­
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              mat, tutus ſit in aquis: & ſi in aquis à poten­
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              tiore infeſtetur, ſecurè ad terram ſe recipiat.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007645">Verum forſan hoc animal inter perfecta nu­
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              merari debet, & vt elephas inter quadrupe­
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              da, aquila inter aues, aut ſit quid melius
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              aquila eſt, cete inter piſces, homo inter vni­
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              uerſa animalia: inter ſerpentes (ni fabuloſum
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              ſit ) regulus, ita inter amphibia crocodilus
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              eminet. </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007646">In vniuſcuiuſque autem generis coryphæo
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              natura conatum quendam effecit. </s>
              <s id="s.007647">Neque ex
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              ouo generatur crocodilus ob ignobilitatem,
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              vt erucæ araneique ac lacertæ, ſed vt aues, ob
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              commodum: de his autem ſequenti libro
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              tractabimus, quare ad reliquum diuiſionis
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              membrum tranſeamus. </s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.169.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/169/1.jpg" number="78"/>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007648">
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              LIBER DECIMVS,
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              </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007649">
                <emph type="center"/>
              De Perfectis Animalibus.
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              </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007650">ANIMALIVM perfectorum
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1091"/>
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              quædam in ſolo habitare aë­
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              re, pedibúſque carent, ta­
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              metſi hæc Ariſtoteles non co­
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              gnouerit, vt Manucodiata:
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              alia in aëre & terra, vt aquila, & pleræ­
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              que aliæ aues: alia terreſtria, ſed aui­
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              bus ſimilia, vt ſtruthio camelus: alia aquæ
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              terræque communia, vt fiber: alia aues,
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              natantes, vt olores: alia piſces volan­
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              tes, vt marinæ hirundines: alia purè ter­
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              reſtria, vt canis, alia ſub terra habitant, vt
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              talpa: alia in aquis ſolùm degunt, vt dephin. </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007651">
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              Animalia
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              perfecta no­
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              biliora
                <expan abbr="nouẽ">nouem</expan>
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              differentiis
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              comprehen­
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              duntur. </s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007652">Nec noſtri inſtituti eſt, omnes differen­
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              tias, ſed tantùm genera hæc nouem,
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              contentáſque ſub illis nobiliores ſpecies
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              attingere. </s>
              <s id="s.007653">Eſt verò alia diuiſio iuxta mo­
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              res, alia iuxta viuendi rationem, alia iux­
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              ta generationis modum. </s>
              <s id="s.007654">Iuxta mores, quo­
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              niam alia fera, alia manſueta, alia cicu­
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              ra, alia agreſtia. </s>
              <s id="s.007655">Iuxta viuendi rationem,
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              alia carne viuunt, alia autem plantis ac
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              eiuſcemodi. </s>
              <s id="s.007656">Verùm iuxta generationis mo­
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              dum, alia ex ouis, alia ex putredine,
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              alia ex animalibus generantur. </s>
              <s id="s.007657">Ex ouis
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              autem quadrifariàm, aues, piſces, ſer­
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              pentes, & inſecta quædam vilia, vt bom­
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              byces, cicadæ, erucæ. </s>
              <s id="s.007658">Demonſtranda ſunt
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              igitur primò tria. </s>
              <s id="s.007659">Vnum eſt, cur aues cùm
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              ſint animalia perfecta, ex ouis omnes gene­
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              rentur. </s>
              <s id="s.007660">Secundò, cur piſces: tertiò, quare quæ
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              imperfecta ſunt, animal generare nequeant.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1092"/>
              </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007661">
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              Cur aues om
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              nes ex ouis
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              generentur.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007662">Primùm igitur ratione magna factum vi­
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              detur: nam aut paucos pullos, aut multas
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              aues generare neceſſarium erat. </s>
              <s id="s.007663">Paruæ ſi
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              paucos generaſſent, breui genus illarum
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              periiſſet, quoniam aues paruæ à magnis de­
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              uorantur, & retibus capiuntur, & à ſer­
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              pentibus antequam volare poſſint, rapiuntur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007664">Interdum oua abſumuntur, pereunt fame,
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              frigore, milléque aliis incommodis. </s>
              <s id="s.007665">Omnes
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              igitur paruæ aues, imò omnia animalia par­
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              ua, multos generant pullos ſeu catulos. </s>
              <s id="s.007666">Ma­
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              gnæ magnos pullos generant: ob id, ſi magnę
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              aues magnos fœtus in ventre geſtarent, ma­
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              gno & diuturno pondere fatigarentur, aut
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              breui pullum abſolui neceſſe eſſet, atque ſic
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              aues non perfecta, ſed imperfecta animalia
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              neceſſariò eſſent. </s>
              <s id="s.007667">Rurſus in paruis, ſi omnes
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              ſimul fœtus mater in ventre geſtaret, immo­
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              dico grauaretur pondere: ſi vnum poſt alium,
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              toto anno implicita eſſent in alendis geren­
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              diſque pullis: adde, quòd in tempora anni
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              grauia incideret, eſſétque obnoxia, feris, &
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              auibus rapacibus. </s>
              <s id="s.007668">Non igitur fieri potuit, vt
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              aues ex auibus, vt ex belluis belluæ, procrea­
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              rentur. </s>
              <s id="s.007669">Sed dum ex ouo prodeunt pulli, qua­
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              druplex commodum conſequitur. </s>
              <s id="s.007670">Nam mas
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              toto anno coire non cogitur: coitus autem
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              maximè auium generi inimiciſſimus, ob ſic­
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              citatem: vnde paſſer non vltra biennium vi­
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              uit. </s>
              <s id="s.007671">Breui etiam mater à pondere liberatur,
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              nam ouum vna die ex paruo ad integram per­
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              uenit magnitudinem, vel ad ſummum in duo­
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              bus diebus: quod manifeſtum eſt diſſecanti­
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              bus gallinas, quæ ſingulo die ouum parere.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007672">ſolent. </s>
              <s id="s.007673">Nam vnum ouum magnum videbis,
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              alterum mediocre, ſcilicet quod perendie edi­
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              tura erat, reliqua multitudo granis ſorgi ſeu
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              milicæ perſimilis eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.007674">Oua autem edita pri­
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              mùm abſque incommodo diu ab aue fota,
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              animal perfectum gignere poſſunt: & plura
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              ſimul fouentur, ita vt quod in quatuor, aut
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              ſex menſibus pullos in vtero geſtando vix
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              perficeretur, in ouis vno menſe abſoluitur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007675">
                <expan abbr="Manifeſtũ">Manifeſtum</expan>
              eſt igitur cur aues non pullos, ſed
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              oua pariant. </s>
              <s id="s.007676">Quædam tamen animal, vt veſ­
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              pertilio: hęc enim ſola inter volucres animal, </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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