Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008638">
                <pb pagenum="541" xlink:href="016/01/190.jpg"/>
              ctibus veſcitur, hócque nobiliſſimum eſt:
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              atque in eo genere eſt homo, elephas, ſus, &
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              vrſus, tum etiam mures, auéſque omnes fer­
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              mè præter carniuoras: ſeminibus enim ac
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              fructibus omnes veſcuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008639">Ex ex his omnia
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              etiam præter elephantem carnes deuorant,
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              exceptis auibus, quarum etiam quædam, vt
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              gallinæ, & picæ, & cornices, carnibus alun­
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              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.008640">Quæ verò animalia carnibus veſcuntur,
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              edunt etiam & oua, lac, & ſanguinem Igitur
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              quæcunque talia ſunt, mortuis ſolùm dele­
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              ctantur, non tamen occîdunt quicquam
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              præter aues: aues enim quæ carnibus vtun­
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              tur, eædem deuorant animalia, ſi liceat etiam
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              uiuentia, vt gallinæ vermes. </s>
              <s id="s.008641">Cùm verò ex
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              his ſint in frigidis quidem regionibus mi­
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              nores, & agreſtibus ſimiles, in temperatis
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              maximi, vt etiam Erymanthij apri, qui re­
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              giones deuaſtare auſus eſt, memoria maneat,
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              mirum cur in calidis regionibus minimi
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1210"/>
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              ſint: habemus enim Indicos forma, voce,
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              moribus aliis ſimiles, tum etiam vteri ge­
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              ſtatione: nam duobus menſibus, non vt cuni­
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              culi tribus abſoluuntur ſeptimanis, cunicu­
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              lis tamen non parum minores: quorum caro
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              ſuauis eſt: ipſi verò nec mordent, nec man­
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              ſueſcunt, ſed velociſſimè, vt pleraque parua
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              animalia, currunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008642">Non tam facilè moriun­
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              tur, vt cuniculi, raróque & parum bibunt:
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              non eſt illis
                <expan abbr="lõga">longa</expan>
              vita: frigore etiam pereunt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008643">Itaque eos Indicos non auſim dicere, ſed po­
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              tiùs ob ſiccitatem paruos, quia forſan origo
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              ex Africa ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.008644">Calor enim non poteſt ma­
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              gnitudini obſtare, nec humidum, ſed frigus
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              aut ſiccitas, ob id frigore moriuntur, nec bi­
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              bunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008645">Veſcuntur autem maximè caulibus,
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              furfure & auena. </s>
              <s id="s.008646">Erigunt etiam ſeſe contra
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              aliorum morem, & vt cuniculi fœtus ſuos
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              deuorant ob ſalacitatem: digitos quinos, ſe­
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              noſve habent in pedibus, aut etiam plures:
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              pilum molliorem, color omnis generis qua­
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              drupedium: os habent non roſtrum, atque
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              nitus recondita genitalia: dentes etiam cu­
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              niculorum more, & tamen abſolutos fœtus
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              pariunt, quíque vt ſues: matrem ſtatim co­
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              mitant (pariunt autem plerunque ternos
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
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              oculos murium oculis ſimiles, vnde qui­
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              dam mures Indicos eſſe exiſtimant, ſed cau­
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              da fermè cùm careant, miſtum quaſi genus
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              dicas. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008647">
                <margin.target id="marg1209"/>
              Animalium
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              differentiæ
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              ex ciborum
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              diſcrimine.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008648">
                <margin.target id="marg1210"/>
              Sus Indicus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008649">Sed cùm de muribus tractaſſe deſtinaſſem,
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              ad ſues tranſieram. </s>
              <s id="s.008650">Illud non omittens, ani­
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              malia quæque magnitudinem ciborum co­
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              pia, aut paucitate, dum ablactantur commu­
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              tare, vt etiam canes ac ſues, tum alia omnia:
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1211"/>
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              itaque ad mures redeundum. </s>
              <s id="s.008651">Neque vulga­
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              ris hiſtoria tam vile animal, etiam in mini­
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              mis tam egregiè ludente natura: ſiquidem
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              adeò primùm fœcundum eſt, vt Theophra­
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              ſtus referat: in Perſide mures fœminas etiam
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              in vtero matris concipere. </s>
              <s id="s.008652">Res prorſus in­
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              credibilis, niſi facilitas procreandi ad vtilita­
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              tem potiùs, quàm ad præſtantiam referre­
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              tur: viliſſima enim quæque facillimè gene­
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              rantur, & abſoluuntur, & celerrimè, & om­
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              nibus modis: non ita elephas, aut delphin,
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              aut homo. </s>
              <s id="s.008653">Itaque & pluuis adeò multipli­
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              cantur, vt neſcias quid magis mirum ſit, an
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              tam facilè genus illorum propagari, an inte­
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              rire: non enim minùs celeriter intereunt,
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              quàm augeantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008654">Cauſa (vt dictum eſt)ma­
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              nifeſta: viliſſima enim quæque vt colluuie
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              propria ac ſorde generantur, ita minimis
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              quibuſcunque cauſis intereunt: eadem enim
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              facilitas interitus, generationíſque. </s>
              <s id="s.008655">Nam
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              quòd facilè generentur, ratio vna eſt, quia
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              facilè abſoluuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008656">Facilè autem abſoluun­
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              tur parua vnoquoque genere, & imbecilla.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008657">talia ergo facilè etiam interire neceſſarium
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              eſt: quod non ſolùm in ſpeciebus, ſed homi­
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              nibus ſingulis intelligendum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008658">Videtur
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              enim homo quaſi ſpecies vna, non æternita­
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              te, aut nobilitate, ſed potentia atque perfe­
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              ctione. </s>
              <s id="s.008659">In Giaro quoque inſula Archipelagi
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              referunt metalla erodere, & arbores denti­
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              bus tactas occidere. </s>
              <s id="s.008660">Hoc autem rabiei cuiuſ­
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              dam, & immodicæ ſiccitatis argumentum
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              eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008661">Cur igitur ad tantam ſiccitatem facilli­
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              mè ferantur, cauſa eſt, quòd facillimè mu­
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              tantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008662">Mutantur autem facillimè, quod ſint
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              imbecilliſſima natura: recipiunt autem ac
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              retinent vim quia alioquin ſunt perfecta
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              atque ſanguinea. </s>
              <s id="s.008663">Species verò eorum innu­
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              meræ, domeſtici, agreſtes, ſciuri, à caudæ ma­
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              gnitudine vocati glires, auellanei reliquis
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              minores, qui totam hyemem dormiunt: al pi­
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              ni quoque, quos vocant Mediolanenſes mar­
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              motas, ad hoc genus referuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.008664">Commune
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              eſt alpinis ac ſciuris, tum gliribus, auella­
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              neíſque manſueſcere. </s>
              <s id="s.008665">Omnes etiam hi præ­
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              ter ſciuros gyeme dormiunt: ſed auellanei,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1212"/>
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              qui inter corylos degunt, rubri ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008666">Sciuri
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              hyeme latent potius, quàm dormiant. </s>
              <s id="s.008667">Om­
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              nibus his etiam commune eſt, vt erecti co­
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              medant, pedibus anterioribus pro manibus
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              vtentes. </s>
              <s id="s.008668">Pingueſcunt glires maximè hyeme,
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              vt ſomno potiùs, quàm cibo pingueſcere vi­
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              deantur: quamuis tamen recondant in arbo­
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              ribus caſtanearum, nucúmque immenſam
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              plerunque copiam. </s>
              <s id="s.008669">Sciuri auxilio caudæ, &
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              leuitate agiles adeò ſunt, vt ex arbore in ar­
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              borem ſaliant. </s>
              <s id="s.008670">Flumina tranant, cauda pro
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              velo vtentes ramuſculis innixi: caro eorum,
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              qui iuxta polum capiuntur: quoniam ibi pin­
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              gueſcere ſolent, ſuauis eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008671">Creditum eſt,
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              dentes illorum appenſos, pro amuleto eſſe ad
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              diuinationem omnium maximi alpini, ſaga­
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              ces admodum, & nihil præter nomen com­
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              mune cum muribus habentes. </s>
              <s id="s.008672">Speculatorem
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              enim in montibus vnum è ſuis habent, qui
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              gregem moneat, alioqui ſarmentis colligen­
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              dis intentum: ex his enim mollia colligen­
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              tes, ac pedibus ſupini amplexantes, onuſtus
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              ab altero cauda trahi, plauſtri inſtar ſe pati­
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              tur, vt lectulum ſuum ſecum auehat, quem
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              aliter deferre non poſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.008673">Creditum eſt eui­
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              dendi ratione, cùm plurimùm pingueſcant,
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              & in cibo minimè ſint ingrati illorum car­
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              nes ad ſomnum conciliandum plurimùm
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              conferre. </s>
              <s id="s.008674">Manſueſcunt hi maximè & ſciuri:
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              ſed glires, & auellanei parum, ob paruita­
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              tem. </s>
              <s id="s.008675">Videntur alpinis è directo cuſetæ (ſic
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              enim ſciuros vocant ciues noſtri) contrarij:
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              alpini enim tardi motu, & quietis amatores,
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              ſciuri autem nunquam quieſcunt: vnde im­
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              modicè carnem illorum calidam, & ſiccam
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              eſſe neceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008676">Nuper ex Aſia murem, quem
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              Indicum eſſe affirmabant, aduexerunt,
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              ore, & cauda muribus noſtris exquiſitè ſi­
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              milem, ſed colore, & magnitudine taxi. </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
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    </archimedes>
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