Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003223">
                <pb pagenum="429" xlink:href="016/01/078.jpg"/>
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                <lb/>
              ceum interponendus erit. </s>
              <s id="s.003224">Sed cauendum eſt,
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              ne candido multum in picturis vtaris: eſt
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              enim velut illarum venenum: nam ſplendo­
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              re ſua venuſtatem primò, ac grauitatem
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              quandam ab artis opere aufert, colores de­
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              inde reliquos obſcurat, & vmbras rerum
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              vitiat.
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              </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003225">
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              Ordo colorum
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              ſibi con­
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              gruentium.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003226">
                <margin.target id="marg381"/>
              Candidus
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              color
                <expan abbr="venenũ">venenum</expan>
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              picturis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003227">
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              Colorum no­
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              mina.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003228">Sed poſtquam in colorum mentionem in­
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              cidimus, de illorum generatione ac nomini­
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              bus tum ſpeciebus dicendum eſt: ſed quia
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              res tractare difficile eſt, non intellectis no­
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              minibus, nomina illorum prius exponenda
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              erunt, non equidem nunc antiquorum ex
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              opinione, ſed ita vt quæ tractantur intelli­
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              gantur. </s>
              <s id="s.003229">Velle enim nunc in tanta illorum
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              confuſione de colorum nominibus tractare
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              iuxta antiquorum ſententiam, res eſt præter
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              id quòd difficillima & immenſi negotij, ex­
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              tra propoſitum noſtrum. </s>
              <s id="s.003230">Rem igitur hanc
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              tametſi nouo, non tamen inutili exemplo
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              aggrediemur. </s>
              <s id="s.003231">Ergo quomodo de coloribus
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              agendum ſit, à manifeſtiſſimis ſumens ini­
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              tium, nunc docebo. </s>
              <s id="s.003232">Niueus color qualis ſyn­
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              ceræ niui in cumulum congregatæ, candore
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg384"/>
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              eximio, ac ſplendore non leui. </s>
              <s id="s.003233">Candidus in
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              calce eſt, colore niue non inferior, fed ſplen­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg385"/>
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              dore. </s>
              <s id="s.003234">Lacteus in lacte, candore minore,
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              ſplendore fermè nullo: nam nullus candor
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg386"/>
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan>
              ſplendore. </s>
              <s id="s.003235">Hi tres, albi nomine intelli­
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              guntur. </s>
              <s id="s.003236">Huic niger è directo opponitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003237">Hic
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              talis eſt, qualis in carbonibus qui tamen ex
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              eo ſplendet. </s>
              <s id="s.003238">Prannius à gemma quæ talis vo­
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              catur. </s>
              <s id="s.003239">Argenteus ab argento dictus, multum
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              habet ſplendoris, candoris parum. </s>
              <s id="s.003240">Plumbeus
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              verò minus candido eximius: nam obſcurior
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg388"/>
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              eſt, & minus habet lucis. </s>
              <s id="s.003241">Aqueus aquæ ſi­
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              millimus, non quidem maris, ſed fontium
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              atque fluminum: ſplendoris habet multum,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg389"/>
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              candoris parum: è directo contrarius cine­
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              reo, qui colos eſt cinis, in quo candoris plus,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg390"/>
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              lucis fermè nihil. </s>
              <s id="s.003242">Plumbeo proximus liuidus,
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              qualis eſt ad vnguem caro puerorum, qui lo­
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              ris vapularunt: eſt enim veluti plumbeus
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              abſque ſplendore vllo, cùm ſanguis accurrit,
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              nec exit, ſed ſub cute colligitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003243">Palearis,
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              qualis tritici paleæ. </s>
              <s id="s.003244">Splendidior ſolùm eſt
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              colos vrinæ bene valentium corporum.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg392"/>
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              Flauus, qualis maturis aſtris. </s>
              <s id="s.003245">Aureus parum
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              differt à flauo, eſt tamen longè ſplendidior.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003246">Inde luteus, qualis ouorum vitellis, quæ lu­
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              tea etiam ſolemus vocare. </s>
              <s id="s.003247">Splendidior eſt eo
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              croceus, ac paulò rubicondior. </s>
              <s id="s.003248">Quo flam­
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              meus à flamma dictus, vt à croco croceus,
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              longè clarior eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003249">Eſt purperæ noſtræ color
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              purpureus, rubeo clarior. </s>
              <s id="s.003250">Nam rubro etiam
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              ſubrubens proximus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003251">Hic qualis vino ru­
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              benti clariori. </s>
              <s id="s.003252">Manifeſtum eſt autem, quòd
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              paulò dilutior & clarior aliquantò ſanguinis
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              venalis colore, qui propriè Rubens mere­
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              tur apellari. </s>
              <s id="s.003253">Ex albo, rubróque miſtis roſeus
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              componitur, qui in roſis, tum pueris ac puel­
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              lis effloreſcit, ac etiam inter reliqua in cera­
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              ſiis fructibus. </s>
              <s id="s.003254">Vinoſus qualis amethyſto gem­
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              mæ, non à vino dictus, ſed ab acinis vuarum
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg395"/>
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              originem traxit. </s>
              <s id="s.003255">Rubens pallidior, qualis
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              floribus mali punici, puniceus vocatur. </s>
              <s id="s.003256">Viri­
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              dis, qualis in pratis veris tempore antequam
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              floreant: atque ſmaragdus gemma hunc,
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              cùm nobilis fuerit, pulcherrimè exprimit.
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              Citreus, à citro ſeu malo medico non valde
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              maturo, ex viridi, & paleati intermiſtus.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003257">Praſſius, à praſſio, quod marrubium vocant,
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              deductus, viridi paulò obſcurior. </s>
              <s id="s.003258">Cui ærugi­
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              noſus aduerſatur, tantò viridi clarior, qua­
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              lis in ærugine purgata videri ſolet. </s>
              <s id="s.003259">Luridus,
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              venenis ac ſerpentibus quaſi peculiaris, ex
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              viridi & nigro intermiſtus, addito ſplendo­
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              re. </s>
              <s id="s.003260">Poſt hos ſunt obſcuriores: Ceruleus, à
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              cera, ſimilis tranquillo mari, qui etiam Ve­
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              netus ſolet appellari. </s>
              <s id="s.003261">Et cœruleus à cœlo de­
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              ductus, qualis in ſaphiris electis: vocabimus
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              hunc & cœleſtem, & cyaneum. </s>
              <s id="s.003262">Eſt & lapis
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              huius nominis quo vtuntur pictores, ſapphi­
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              ro in totum ſimilis, niſi quòd nec nitet, nec
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              eſt perſpicuus. </s>
              <s id="s.003263">Ferrugineus à ferrò, quod ru­
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              biginem contraxit. </s>
              <s id="s.003264">Et pullus: hic terræ quàm
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              nuper vomere vertit agricola, ſimilis, ferru­
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              gineóque obſcurior: neuter autem eorum
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              nitet. </s>
              <s id="s.003265">Melongeneus, qualis ad vnguem car­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg402"/>
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              cinomatibus, à fructu herbæ qui eius coloris
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              eſt, ſic appellatus. </s>
              <s id="s.003266">Sunt igitur colores princi­
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              pales quatuor, albus, rubens, viridis, & obſ­
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              curus. </s>
              <s id="s.003267">Statuemus autem & ſeptem pòſt, iux­
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              ta Ariſtotelis ſententiam. </s>
              <s id="s.003268">Sed iam de illo­
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              rum cauſis dicendum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003269">Generantur colo­
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              res omnes ex tribus: primùm quidem ſub­
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              iecta materia: inde luce, ſeu potius lumine,
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              quod ei miſcetur, & medio. </s>
              <s id="s.003270">Nam viſa per vi­
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              ride vitrum, aut in vmbra arborum, viridia
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              perſæpè videntur, cùm tamen non ſint. </s>
              <s id="s.003271">Alia
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              etiam eſt rei ſpecies per aquam aut cryſtal­
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              lum viſa, quàm per aërem. </s>
              <s id="s.003272">Lumen quoque
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              colorem mutat pro ſui magnitudine, vt co­
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              lumbæ collo, quod diuerſis coloribus pro lu­
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              cis varietate nitet. </s>
              <s id="s.003273">Res etiam etiam per ſe
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              ſubiecta colorem à propria miſtione expoſ­
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              cit: quoniam neque calx nigra vllam ob lu­
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              cem fiet, neque carbones albi. </s>
              <s id="s.003274">Hoc autem
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              quaſi contingit, quoniam potentia aut actu
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              lucem quandam retinent. </s>
              <s id="s.003275">Potentia quidem,
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              vt viridis: actu autem, vt niueus. </s>
              <s id="s.003276">Sunt autem
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              colores qui multum luminis retinent, niueus,
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              argenteus, aureus, candidus, viridis, puni­
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              ceus, purpureus, & vinoſus: qui omnes fer­
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              mè in ipſa iride, ſi rectè eam conſideremus,
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                <expan abbr="ſpectãtur">ſpectantur</expan>
              . </s>
              <s id="s.003277">Facilè
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
              eſt ſingulos colores, qui
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg404"/>
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              multum lucis continent, explorare. </s>
              <s id="s.003278">Vrceum
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              aqua plenum Soli expone, & quotquot ge­
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              nerantur colores, omnes hi multum lucis
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              continent. </s>
              <s id="s.003279">Rurſus, qui in rebus nitidis ſpe­
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              ctantur, vt auro, argento, & aqua, qui colos
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              communis etiam eſt cryſtallo, vitro ac ſpe­
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              culis. </s>
              <s id="s.003280">Ergo argenteus fit ex cinereo, cùm
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              multum lucis exceperit: ſicut niueus ex al­
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              bo multo lumini miſto: & puniceus ex ni­
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              gro multa luce pleno, vt in pruna. </s>
              <s id="s.003281">Purpureus,
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              cùm album obſcurum radiis miſcetur Solis,
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              velut in aurora. </s>
              <s id="s.003282">Vinoſus è puro, nec diluto
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              nigro aëri ac ſplendori immiſto. </s>
              <s id="s.003283">Hic tamen
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              inter lucidos colores minus retinet lucis.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003284">Aureus è flauo multa pura luce referto con­
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              ſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.003285">Viridis fit duobus modis, aut humido
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              multo ſenſim excocto, vt in arborem foliis:
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              vel cùm humidum nigrum vlterius coqui­
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              tur, vt cùm aquarum ſtantium nigra ſuper­
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              ficies, aut terra ſub impluuiis nigra facta
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              vireſcunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003286">Cùm verò vireſcit aliquid, maio­
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              re calore aër & lumen admiſcentur. </s>
              <s id="s.003287">Can­
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              didus ex albo fit puro mediocri luce con­
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              ſperſo. </s>
              <s id="s.003288">Aqueus ex mediocri luce perſpicui-</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
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    </archimedes>
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