Castelli, Benedetto
,
Of the mensuration of running waters
,
1661
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particular accidents in this admirable matter, and all depending
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on this ſole Propoſition, the ſenſe of which I have oft repeated,
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that it might be well underſtood.</
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COROLLARIE
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I.</
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>And firſt, we hence conclude, that the ſame Streams of a
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Torrent, namely, thoſe ſtreams which carry equal quantity of
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Water in equal times, make not the ſame depths or meaſures in
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the River, in which they enter, unleſſe when in the entrance in
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to the River they acquire; or to ſay better, keep the ſame velo
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city; becauſe if the velocicities acquired in the River ſhall be
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different, alſo the meaſures ſhall be diverſe; and conſequently
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the depths, as is demonſtrated.</
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COROLLARIE
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II.</
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>And becauſe ſucceſſively, as the River is more and more full,
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it is conſtituted ordinarily in greater & greater velocity: hence
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it is that the ſame ſtreams of the Torrent, that enter into the Ri
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ver, make leſſe and leſſe depths, as the River grows more and
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more full; ſince that alſo the Waters of the Torrent being en
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tered into the River, go acquiring greater and greater velocities,
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and therefore diminiſh in meaſure and height.</
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COROLLARIE
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III.</
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>We obſerve alſo, that while the main River is ſhallow, if there
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fall but a gentle rain, it ſuddenly much increaſeth and riſeth;
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but when the River is already ſwelled, though there fall again a
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nother new violent ſhower, yet it increaſeth not at the ſame rate
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as before, proportionably to the rain which fell: which thing
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we may affirm particularly to depend on this, that in the firſt
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caſe, while the River is low, it is found alſo very ſlow, and there
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fore the little water which entereth into it, paſſeth and runs with
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little velocity, and conſequently occupieth a great meaſure:
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But when the River is once augmented, by new water being alſo
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made more ſwift, it cauſeth the great Flood of water which fal
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leth, to bear a leſſe meaſure, and not to make ſuch a depth.</
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IV.</
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>From the things demonſtrated is manifeſt alſo, that whilſt a
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Torrent entereth into a River, at the time of Ebbe, then the
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Torrent moveth with ſuch a certain velocity, what ever it be, </
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