Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="419"/>
              Solid that weighs above 100 pounds: in that we have
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              ted, That it ſufficeth, that ſuch difference be found between the
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              Specificall Gravities of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Mediums
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              and Moveables, let the particular
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              and abſolute Gravities be what they will: inſomuch, that a Solid,
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              provided that it be Specifically leſs grave than the water, although
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              its abſolute weight were 1000 pounds, yet may it be born up and
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              elevated by ten pounds of water, and leſs: and on the contrary,
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              nother Solid, ſo that it be Specifically more grave than the water,
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              though in abſolute Gravity it were not above a pound, yet all the
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              water in the Sea, cannot raiſe it from the Bottom, or float it. </s>
              <s>This
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              ſufficeth me, for my preſent occaſion, to have, by the above declared
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              Examples, diſcovered and demonſtrated, without extending ſuch
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              matters farther, and, as I might have done, into a long Treatiſe:
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              yea, but that there was a neceſſity of reſolving the above propoſed
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              doubt, I ſhould have contented my ſelf with that only, which is
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              demonſtrated by
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Archimedes,
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              in his firſt Book
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              De Inſidentibus
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              mido
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              : where in generall termes he infers and confirms the ſame </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1423"/>
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              Concluſions, namely, that Solids (
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              a
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              ) leſs grave than water, ſwim or
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1424"/>
                <lb/>
              float upon it, the (
                <emph type="italics"/>
              b
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              ) more grave go to the Bottom, and the (
                <emph type="italics"/>
              c
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              )
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1425"/>
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              qually grave reſt indifferently in all places, yea, though they ſhould
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              be wholly under water.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1422"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Of Natation
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1423"/>
              (a)
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Lib. 1. Prop.
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              4.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1424"/>
              (b)
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Id. </s>
              <s>Lib. </s>
              <s>1.
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              Prop.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              3.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1425"/>
              (c)
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Id. </s>
              <s>Lib. 1.
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              Prop.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              3.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>But, becauſe that this Doctrine of
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              Archimedes,
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              peruſed,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1426"/>
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              bed and examined by
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              Signor Franceſco Buonamico,
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              in his
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              fifth Book
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              of Motion, Chap.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              29, and afterwards by him confuted, might by the
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              Authority of ſo renowned, and famous a Philoſopher, be rendered
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              dubious, and ſuſpected of falſity; I have judged it neceſſary to
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              fend it, if I am able ſo to do, and to clear
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Archimedes,
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              from thoſe
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              cenſures, with which he appeareth to be charged.
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              Buonamico
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                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1427"/>
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              jecteth the Doctrine of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Archimedes,
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              firſt, as not conſentaneous with
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              the Opinion of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Aristotle,
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              adding, that it was a ſtrange thing to him,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1428"/>
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              that the Water ſhould exceed the Earth in Gravity, ſeeing on the
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              contrary, that the Gravity of water, increaſeth, by means of the
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1429"/>
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              cipation of Earth. </s>
              <s>And he ſubjoyns preſently after, that he was
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              not ſatisfied with the Reaſons of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Archimedes,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              as not being able with
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              that Doctrine, to aſſign the cauſe whence it comes, that a Boat and
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              a Veſſell, which otherwiſe, floats above the water, doth ſink to the
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              Bottom, if once it be filled with water; that by reaſon of the
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              quality of Gravity, between the water within it, and the other water
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              without, it ſhould ſtay a top; but yet, nevertheleſs, we ſee it to go to
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              the
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1430"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1426"/>
              The
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Authors
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              defence of
                <emph type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              chimedes
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              his
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              ctrine, againſt
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              the oppoſitions
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              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Buonamico.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1427"/>
              His firſt
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              on againſt the
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              Doctrine of
                <emph type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              chimedes.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1428"/>
              His Second
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              jection.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1429"/>
              His third
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              ction.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1430"/>
              His ſourth
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              jection.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>He farther addes, that
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ariſtotle
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              had clearly confuted the Ancients,
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              who ſaid, that light Bodies moved upwards, driven by the impulſe </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
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              of the more grave Ambient: which if it were ſo, it ſhould ſeem of
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              neceſſity to follow, that all naturall Bodies are by nature heavy, </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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