Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="433"/>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1468"/>
              Place defined
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              according to
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ariſtotle.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              The which is again made manifest, by the queſtions being put as well
                <lb/>
              about the things which go to the Bottom, as thoſe which ariſe from the
                <lb/>
              Bottom to ſwimme, and who ſees not that things placed in the Bottom,
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              muſt have water about them.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>It is now to be noted, that the Board of Ebany and the Ball, put
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1469"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              into
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              the water, both ſink, but the Ball more ſwiftly, and the Board
                <lb/>
              more ſlowly; and ſlower and ſlower, according as it ſhall be more
                <lb/>
              broad and thin, and of this Tardity the breadth of the Figure is the
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              true Cauſe: But theſe broad Boards that ſlowly deſcend, are the
                <lb/>
              ſame, that being put lightly upon the water, do ſwimm: Therefore,
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              if that were true which the Adverſaries affirm, the ſame numerical
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              Figure, would in the ſame numericall water, cauſe one while Reſt, and
                <lb/>
              another while Tardity of Motion, which is impoſſible: for every
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1470"/>
                <lb/>
              ticular Figure which deſcends to the Bottom, hath of neceſſity its own
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              determinate Tardity and ſlowneſs, proper and naturall unto it,
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              ding to which it moveth, ſo that every other Tardity, greater or leſſer
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              is improper to its nature: if, therefore, a Board, as ſuppoſe of a foot
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              ſquare, deſcendeth naturally with ſix degrees of Tardity, it is
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              ble, that it ſhould deſcend with ten or twenty, unleſs ſome new
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              diment do arreſt it. </s>
              <s>Much leſs can it, by reaſon of the ſame Figure
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              reſt, and wholly ceaſe to move; but it is neceſſary, that when ever it
                <lb/>
              reſteth, there do ſome greater impediment intervene than the breadth
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              of the Figure. </s>
              <s>Therefore, it muſt be ſomewhat elſe, and not the
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              gure, that ſtayeth the Board of Ebany above water, of which Eigure
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              the only Effect is the retardment of the Motion, according to which
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              it deſcendeth more ſlowly than the Ball. </s>
              <s>Let it be confeſſed,
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              fore, rationally diſcourſing, that the true and ſole Cauſe of the Ebanys
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              going to the Bottom, is the exceſs of its Gravity above the Gravity of
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              the water: and the Cauſe of the greater or leſs Tardity, the breadth
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              of this Figure, or the contractedneſs of that: but of its Reſt, it can
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              by no means be allowed, that the quallity of the Figure, is the Cauſe
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              thereof: aſwell, becauſe, making the Tardity greater, according as
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              the Figure more dilateth, there cannot be ſo immenſe a Dilatation, to
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              which there may not be found a correſpondent immence Tardity.
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              </s>
              <s>without reduſing it to Nullity of Motion; as, becauſe the Figures
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              produced by the Antagoniſts for effecters of Reſt, are the ſelf ſame
                <lb/>
              that do alſo go to the
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1471"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1469"/>
              The
                <lb/>
              on of the
                <lb/>
              riment in the
                <lb/>
              Ebany.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1470"/>
              Every perticular
                <lb/>
              Figure hath its
                <lb/>
              own peculiat
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              Tardity.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1471"/>
              * The Figure &
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              Reſiſtance of
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              the Medium
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              gainſt Diviſion,
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              have nothing to
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              do with the
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              fect of Natation
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              or Submerſion,
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              by an
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              ment in
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              nut tree,</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>I will not omit another reaſon, founded alſo upon Experience, and
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              if I deceive not my ſelf, manifeſtly concluding, how that the
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              ducton of the breadth or amplitude of Figure, and the Reſiſtance of
                <lb/>
              the water againſt penetration, have nothing to do in the Effect of
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              ſcending, or aſcending, or reſting in the water. ^{*}Take a piece of wood
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              or other Matter, of which a Ball aſcends from the Bottom of the water </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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