Galilei, Galileo
,
Discourse concerning the natation of bodies
,
1663
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[Figure 11]
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[Figure 13]
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[Figure 14]
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[Figure 17]
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[Figure 18]
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[Figure 19]
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peradventure not hitherto obſerved, cometh to meet with the ſaid
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Board, rendering it no longer as it was before, whilſt it did fink more
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ponderous than the water, but leſs.</
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>Now, let us return to take the thin Plate of Gold, or of Silver, or the
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thin Board of Ebony, and let us lay it lightly upon the water, ſo that it
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ſtay there without ſinking, and diligently obſerve its effect. </
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>And
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firſt, ſee how falſe the aſſertion of
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Aristotle,
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and our oponents is, to wit,
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that it ſtayeth above water, through its unability to pierce and
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trate the Reſiſtance of the waters Craſſitude: for it will manifeſtly
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appear, not only that the ſaid Plates have penetrated the water, but
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alſo that they are a conſiderable matter lower than the Surface of the
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ſame, the which continueth eminent, and maketh as it were a Rampert
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on all ſides, round about the ſaid Plates, the profundity of which they
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ſtay ſwimming: and, according as the ſaid Plates ſhall be more grave
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than the water, two, four, ten or twenty times, it is neceſſary, that
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their Superficies do ſtay below the univerſall Surface of the water, ſo
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much more, than the thickneſs of thoſe Plates, as we ſhal more diſtinctly
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ſhew anon. </
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<
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>In the mean ſpace, for the more eaſie underſtanding of what
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I ſay, obſerve with me a little the preſent
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Scheme: in which let us ſuppoſe the Surface
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of the water to be diſtended, according to the
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Lines F L D B, upon which if one ſhall put a
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board of matter ſpecifically more grave than
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water, but ſo lightly that it ſubmetge not, it
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ſhall not reſt any thing above, but ſhall enter with its whole thickneſs
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into the water: and, moreover, ſhall ſink alſo, as we ſee by the Board
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A I, O I, whoſe breadth is wholly ſunk into the water, the little
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perts of water L A and D O incompaſſing it, whoſe Superficies is
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tably higher than the Superficies of the Board. </
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>See now whether it be
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true, that the ſaid Board goes not to the Bottom, as being of Figure
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unapt to penetrate the Craſſitude of the water.</
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>But, if it hath already penetrated, and overcome the Continuity of
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the water, & is of its own nature more grave than the ſaid water, why
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doth it not proceed in its ſinking, but ſtop and ſuſpend its ſelf within
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that little dimple or cavitie, which with its ponderoſity it hath made in
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the water? </
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>I anſwer; becauſe that in ſubmerging it ſelf, ſo far as till its
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Superficies come to the Levell with that of the water, it loſeth a part
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of its Gravity, and loſeth the reſt of it as it ſubmergeth & deſcends
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neath the Surface of the water, which maketh Ramperts and Banks
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round about it, and it ſuſtaines this loſs by means of its drawing after it,
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and carrying along with it, the Air that is above it, and by Contact
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herent to it, which Air ſucceeds to fill the Cavity that is invironed by
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the Ramperts of water: ſo that that which in this caſe deſcends and is
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placed in the water, is not only the Board of Ebony or Plate of Iron, </
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