Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="436"/>
              but a compoſition of Ebony and Air, from which reſulteth a Solid
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              no longer ſuperiour in Gravity to the water, as was the ſimple Ebony,
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              or the ſimple Gold. </s>
              <s>And, if we exactly conſider, what, and how
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              great the Solid is, that in this Experiment enters into the water, and
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              contraſts with the Gravity of the ſame, it will be found to be all that
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              which we find to be beneath the Surface of the water, the which is
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              an aggregate and Compound of a Board of Ebony, and of almoſt
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              the like quantity of Air, or a Maſs compounded of a Plate of Lead,
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              and ten or twelve times as much Air. </s>
              <s>But, Genrlemen, you that
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              are my Antagoniſts in our Queſtion, we require the Identity of
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              Matter, and the alteration only of the Figure; therefore, you muſt
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              remove that Air, which being conjoyned with the Board, makes it
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              become another Body leſs grave than the Water, and put only the
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              Ebony into the Water, and you ſhall certainly ſee the Board deſcend
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              to the Bottom; and, if that do not happen, you have got the day.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1474"/>
                <lb/>
              And to ſeperate the Air from the Ebony, there needs no more but
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              only to bath the Superficies of the ſaid Board with the ſame Water:
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              for the Water being thus interpoſed between the Board and the Air,
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              the other circumfuſed Water ſhall run together without any
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              ment, and ſhall receive into it the ſole and bare Ebony, as it was to do.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1473"/>
              Why ſolids
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              having
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              ted the Water,
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              do not proceed
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              to a totail
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              merſion.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1474"/>
              How to
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              rate the Air from
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              Solids in
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              ting them into
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              the water.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>But, me thinks I hear ſome of the Adverſaries cunningly oppoſing
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              this, and telling me, that they will not yield, by any means, that
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              their Board be wetted, becauſe the weight added thereto by the
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              Water, by making it heavier than it was before, draws it to the
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              Bottom, and that the addition of new weight is contrary to our
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              greement, which was, that the Matter be the ſame.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>To this, I anſwer, firſt; that treating of the operation of Figure
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              in Bodies put into the Water, none can ſuppoſe them to be put into
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              the Water without being wet; nor do I deſire more to be done to
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              the Board, then I will give you leave to do to the Ball. </s>
              <s>Moreover,
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              it is untrue, that the Board ſinks by vertue of the new Weight added
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              to it by the Water, in the ſingle and ſlight bathing of it: for I will
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              put ten or twenty drops of Water upon the ſame Board, whilſt it is
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              ſuſtained upon the water, which drops, becauſe not conjoyned with
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              the other Water circumfuſed, ſhall not ſo encreaſe the weight of it, as
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              to make it ſink: but if the Board being taken out, and all the water
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              wiped off that was added thereto, I ſhould bath all its Superficies
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              with one only very ſmall drop, and put it again upon the water,
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              out doubt it ſhall ſink, the other Water running to cover it, not
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              ing retained by the ſuperiour Air; which Air by the interpoſition of
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              the thin vail of water, that takes away its Contiguity unto the Ebony,
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              ſhall without Renitence be ſeperated, nor doth it in the leaſt oppoſe
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              the ſucceſſion of the other Water: but rather, to ſpeak better, it
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              ſhall deſcend freely; becauſe it ſhall be all invironed and covered </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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