Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="421"/>
              namely, that Earth is leſs Grave than Water. </s>
              <s>The Veſſel that ſwims
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              occupieth in the water, not only a place equall to the Maſs of the
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              Earth, of which it is formed; but equall to the Earth and to the Air
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              together, contained in its concavity. </s>
              <s>And, if ſuch a Maſs
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              ded of Earth and Air, ſhall be leſs grave than ſuch another quantity
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              of water, it ſhall ſwim, and ſhall accord with the Doctrine of
                <emph type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              medes
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              ; but if, again, removing the Air, the Veſſell ſhall be filled
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              with water, ſo that the Solid put in the water, be nothing but
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              Earth, nor occupieth other place, than that which is only poſſeſt by
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              Earth, it ſhall then go to the Bottom, by reaſon that the Earth is
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              heavier than the water: and this correſponds well with the meaning
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              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Archimedes.
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              See the ſame effect illuſtrated, with ſuch another
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              Experiment, In preſſing a Viall Glaſs to the Bottom of the water,
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              when it is full of Air, it will meet with great reſiſtance, becauſe it is
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              not the Glaſs alone, that is preſſed under water, but together with
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              the Glaſs a great Maſs of Air, and ſuch, that if you ſhould take as
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              much water, as the Maſs of the Glaſs, and of the Air contained in it,
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              you would have a weight much greater than that of the Viall, and of
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              its Air: and, therefore, it will not ſubmerge without great violence:
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              but if we demit only the Glaſs into the water, which ſhall be when
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              you ſhall fill the Glaſs with water, then ſhall the Glaſs deſcend to
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              the Bottom; as ſuperiour in Gravity to the water.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1433"/>
              The Authors
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              ſwer to the firſt
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              Objection.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1434"/>
              The Authors
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              ſwer to the
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              cond Objection.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Returning, therefore, to our firſt purpoſe; I ſay, that Earth is
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              more grave than water, and that therefore, a Solid of Earth goeth to
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              the bottom of it; but one may poſſibly make a compoſition of Earth
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              and Air, which ſhall be leſs grave than a like Maſs of Water; and
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              this ſhall ſwim: and yet both this and the other experiment ſhall
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              very well accord with the Doctrine of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Archimedes.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              But becauſe that
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              in my judgment it hath nothing of difficulty in it, I will not
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              ly affirme that
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              Signor Buonamico,
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              would by ſuch a diſcourſe object
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              unto
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              Archimedes
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              the abſurdity of inferring by his doctrine, that Earth
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              was leſs grave than Water, though I know not how to conceive what
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              other accident he could have induced thence.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Perhaps ſuch a Probleme (in my judgement falſe) was read by
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Signor Buonamico
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in ſome other Author, by whom peradventure it
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              was attributed as a ſingular propertie, of ſome particular Water, and
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              ſo comes now to be uſed with a double errour in confutation of
                <emph type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              chimedes,
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              ſince he ſaith no ſuch thing, nor by him that did ſay it was it
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              meant of the common Element of Water.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>The third difficulty in the doctrine of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Archimedes
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              was, that he
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1435"/>
                <lb/>
              could not render a reaſon whence it aroſe, that a piece of Wood,
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              and a Veſſell of Wood, which otherwiſe floats, goeth to the bottom,
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              if filled with Water.
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Signor Buonamico
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              hath ſuppoſed that a Verſſell
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              of Wood, and of Wood that by nature ſwims, as before is ſaid, </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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