Galilei, Galileo
,
Discourse concerning the natation of bodies
,
1663
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nature apt to deſcend to the Bottom, being placed lightly on the water
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ſubmerge not, unleſs they be firſt thorowly bathed; and have found,
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that one of theſe Bodies having deſcended to the Bottom, by
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ing to it (without touching it in the leaſt) a little Air, which conjoyneth
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with the top of the ſame; it becometh ſufficient, not only, as before to
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ſuſtain it, but alſo to raiſe it, and to carry it back to the top, where it
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ſtays and abideth in the ſame manner, till ſuch time, as the aſſiſtance
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of the conjoyned Air is taken away. </
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>And to this effect, I have taken a
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Ball of Wax, and made it with a little Lead, ſo grave, that it leaſurely
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deſcends to the Bottom, making with all its Superficies very ſmooth and
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pollite: and this being put gently into the water, almoſt wholly
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mergeth, there remaining viſſible only a little of the very top, the which
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solong as it is conjoyned with the Air, ſhall retain the Ball a-top, but
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the Contiguity of the Air taken away by wetting it, it ſhall deſcend to
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the Bottom and there remain. </
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>Now to make it by vertue of the Air, that
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before ſuſtained it to return again to the top, and ſtay there, thruſt into
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the water a Glaſs reverſed with the mouth downwards, the which ſhall
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carry with it the Air it contains, and move this towards the Ball, abaſing
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it till ſuch time that you ſee, by the tranſparency of the Glaſs, that the
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contained Air do arrive to the ſummity of the
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B
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all: then gently
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draw the Glaſs upwards, and you ſhall ſee the
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B
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all to riſe, and afterwards
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stay on the top of the water, if you carefully part the Glaſs and the water
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without overmuch commoving and diſturbing it. </
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>There is, therefore, a
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certain affinity between the Air and other
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B
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odies, which holds them
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ed, ſo, that they ſeperate not without a kind of violence. </
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>The ſame
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likewiſe is ſeen in the water; for if we ſhall wholly ſubmerge ſome
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B
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ody
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in it, ſo that it be thorowly bathed, in the drawing of it afterwards
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ly out again, we ſhall ſee the water follow it, and riſe notably above its
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Surface, before it ſeperates from it. </
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>Solid
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B
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odies, alſo, if they be equall
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and alike in Superficies, ſo, that they make an exact Contact without
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the interpoſition of the leaſt Air, that may part them in the ſeperation
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and yield untill that the ambient
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Medium
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ſucceeds to repleniſh the place,
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do hold very firmly conjoyned, and are not to be ſeperated without great
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force but, becauſe, the Air, Water, and other Liquids, very
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tiouſly ſhape themſelves to contact with any Solid
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B
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odies, ſo that their
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Superficies do exquiſitely adopt themſelves to that of the Solids, without
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any thing remaining between them, therefore, the effect of this
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junction and Adherence is more manifeſtly and frequently obſerved in
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them, than in hard and inflexible
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B
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odies, whoſe Superficies do very
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ly conjoyn with exactneſs of Contact. </
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<
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>This is therefore that
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tick vertue, which with firm Connection conjoyneth all Bodies, that do
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touch without the interpoſition of flexible fluids; and, who knows, but
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that that a Contact, when it is very exact, may be a ſufficient Cauſe of
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the Union and Continuity of the parts of a naturall
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B
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ody?</
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