Galilei, Galileo, The systems of the world, 1661

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1incorruptible, unalterable, &c. and this corruptible, alterable, &c.
The diſputes and
contradictions of
Philoſophers may
conduce to the
benefit of
phy.
SIMPL. I ſee not yet any need that Ariſtotle hath of help,
ſtanding as he doth ſtoutly and ſtrongly on his feet; yea not
ing yet aſſaulted, much leſs foiled by you.
And what ward will
you chooſe in this combate for this firſt blow? Aristotle writeth,

that whatever is generated, is made out of a contrary in ſome
ſubject, and likewiſe is corrupted in ſome certain ſubject from a

contrary into a contrary; ſo that (obſerve) corruption and
neration is never but onely in contraries; If therefore to a
leſtial Body no contrary can be aſſigned, for that to the circular

motion no other motion is contrary, then Nature hath done very
well to make that exempt from contraries, which was to be
generable and incorruptible, This fundamental firſt confirmed,
it immediately followeth of conſequence, that it is
ble, inalterable, impaſſible, and finally eternal, and a

tionate habitation to the immortal Deities, conformable to the
opinion even of all men that have any conceit of the Gods.
He

afterwards confirmeth the ſame by ſenſe; in regard, that in all
times paſt, according to memory or tradition, we ſee nothing
moved, according to the whole outward Heaven, nor any of its

proper parts.
Next, as to the circular motion, that no other is
contrary to it, Aristotle proveth many ways; but without
ting them all, it is ſufficiently demonſtrated, ſince fimple motions
are but three, to the medium, from the medium, and about the
medium, of which the two right, ſurſum and deorſum, are
feſtly contrary; and becauſe one onely hath onely one for
trary, therefore there reſts no other motion which may be
ry to the circular.
You ſee the ſubtle and moſt concluding
courſe of Ariſtotle, whereby he proveth the incorruptibility of
Heaven.
Ariſtotles diſcourſe
to prove the
ruptibility of
ven.
Generation &
ruption is onely
mongſt contraries,
according to Ariſt.
To the circular
motion no other
motion is contrary.
Heaven an
tation for the
ortal Gods.
Immutability of
Heaven evident to
ſexſe.
He proveth that
the circular motion
hath no contrary.
SALV. This is nothing more, ſave the pure progreſs of
tle, by me hinted before; wherein, beſides that I affirm, that the
motion which you attribute to the Cœleſtial Bodies agreeth alſo
to the Earth, its illation proves nothing.
I tell you therefore,
that that circular motion which you aſſign to Cœleſtial Bodies,
ſuiteth alſo to the Earth, from which, ſuppoſing that the reſt of
your diſcourſe were concludent, will follow one of theſe three
things, as I told you a little before, and ſhall repeat; namely,
either that the Earth it ſelf is alſo ingenerable, and incorruptible,
as the Cœleſtial bodies; or that the Cœleſtial bodies are, like as
the Elementary generable, alterable &c.
or that this difference of
motion hath nothing to do with Generation and Corruption.
The diſcourſe of Ariſtotle, and yours alſo contain many
tions not to be lightly admitted, and the better to examine them,
it will be convenient to reduce them to the moſt abſtracted and

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