Galilei, Galileo, The systems of the world, 1661

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb xlink:href="065/01/109.jpg" pagenum="101"/>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SAGR. </s>
              <s>Hold a little, I pray you. </s>
              <s>Tell me
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Simplicius,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              when
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              two Knights encounter each other, tilting in open field, or when
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              two whole Squadrons, or two Fleets at Sea, make up to grapple,
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              and are broken and ſunk, do you call theſe encounters contrary to
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              one another?</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SIMPL. Yes, we ſay they are contrary.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SAGR. </s>
              <s>How then, is there no contrariety in circular motions.
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              </s>
              <s>Theſe motions, being made upon the ſuperſicies of the Earth or
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              Water, which are, as you know, ſpherical, come to be circular.
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              </s>
              <s>Can you tell,
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Simplicius,
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              which thoſe circular motions be, that
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              are not contrary to each other? </s>
              <s>They are (if I miſtake not) thoſe
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              of two circles, which touching one another without, one thereof
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              being turn'd round, naturally maketh the other move the
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              ry ^{*} way; but if one of them ſhall be within the other, it is
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg257"/>
                <lb/>
              poſſible that their motion being made towards different points,
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              they ſhould not juſtle one another.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg257"/>
              As you ſee in a
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              Mill, wherein the
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              implicated cogs ſet
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              the wheels on
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              ving.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SALV. </s>
              <s>But be they contrary, or not contrary, theſe are but
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              alterations of words; and I know, that upon the matter, it would
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              be far more proper and agreeable with Nature, if we could ſalve
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              all with one motion onely, than to introduce two that are (if you
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              will not call them contrary) oppoſite; yet do I not cenſure this
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              introduction (of contrary motions) as impoſſible; nor pretend I
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              from the denial thereof, to inferre a neceſſary Demonſtration,
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              but onely a greater probability, of the other. </s>
              <s>A third reaſon
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg258"/>
                <lb/>
              which maketh the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ptolomaique Hypotheſis
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              leſſe probable is, that it
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              moſt unreaſonably confoundeth the order, which we aſſuredly
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              ſee to be amongſt thoſe Cœleſtial Bodies, the circumgyration of
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              which is not queſtionable, but moſt certain. </s>
              <s>And that Order is,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg259"/>
                <lb/>
              that according as an Orb is greater, it finiſheth its revolution in a
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              longer time, and the leſſer, in ſhorter. </s>
              <s>And thus
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Saturn
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              bing a greater Circle than all the other Planets, compleateth the
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              ſame in thirty yeares:
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Jupiter
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              finiſheth his; that is leſſe, in
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              twelve years:
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              Mars
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in two: The Moon runneth thorow hers, ſo
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              much leſſe than the reſt, in a Moneth onely. </s>
              <s>Nor do we leſſe
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              ſenſibly ſee that of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Medicean Stars,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              which is neareſt to
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ju-
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg260"/>
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              piter,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              to make its revolution in a very ſhort time, that is, in four
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              and forty hours, or thereabouts, the next to that in three dayes and
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              an half, the third in ſeven dayes, and the moſt remote in ſixteen.
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              </s>
              <s>And this rate holdeth well enough, nor will it at all alter, whileſt
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              we aſſign the motion of 24 hours to the Terreſtrial Globe, for it
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              to move round its own center in that time; but if you would have
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              the Earth immoveable, it is neceſſary, that when you have paſt
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              from the ſhort period of the Moon, to the others ſucceſſively
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              bigger, until you come to that of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Mars
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              in two years, and from
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              thence to that of the bigger Sphere of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Jupiter
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in twelve years, and </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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