Alberti, Leone Battista, Architecture, 1755

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            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="003/01/267.jpg" pagenum="191"/>
              then, where the Roof is to be flat, the Height
                <lb/>
              muſt be equal to the Breadth; where the Roof
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              is to be vaulted, a third Part of that Breadth
                <lb/>
              more muſt be added. </s>
              <s>This may ſerve for mid­
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              dling Buildings: In very large ones, if they are
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              to have a vaulted Roof, the whole Height muſt
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              be one whole Breadth, with the Addition of
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              one fourth Part; but if the Roof is to be flat
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              it muſt be one whole Breadth and two fifths.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>If the Length of the Platform be three Times its
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              Breadth, and the Roof is to be flat, let the
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              Height be one whole Breath and three quarters,
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              if the Roof is to be vaulted, let the Height be
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              one whole Breadth and an half. </s>
              <s>If the Length
                <lb/>
              of the Platform be four Times its Breadth, and
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              the Roof is to be vaulted, let the Height be
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              half its Length; and if the Roof is to be flat,
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              divide the Breadth into four Parts, and give
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              one and three quarters of thoſe Parts to the
                <lb/>
              Height. </s>
              <s>If the Length be five Times the
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              Breadth, make the Height the ſame as where
                <lb/>
              it is four Times, only with the Addition of
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              one ſixth Part of that Height; and if it is ſix
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              Times the Breadth, make it as before, adding
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              not a ſixth as in the former, but a fifth. </s>
              <s>If
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              the Platform be an exact Square with equal
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              Sides, and the Roof is to be vaulted, let the
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              Height exceed the Breadth as in the Platform
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              of three Breadths; but if the Roof is to be flat,
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              it muſt not exceed ſo much, and in the larger
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              Platforms, it muſt not exceed this Breadth
                <lb/>
              above one fourth Part. </s>
              <s>In thoſe Platforms
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              where the Length exceeds the Breadth only
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              one ninth Part, let the Height be exceeded by
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              the Breadth one ninth Part too; but this muſt
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              be only in a flat Roof. </s>
              <s>When the Length is
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              to be one whole Breadth and a third, let the
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              Height be one whole Breadth and a ſixth in flat
                <lb/>
              Roofs; but in vaulted ones, let the Height be
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              one whole Breadth and a ſixth of the Length.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>When the Length is one Breadth and an Half,
                <lb/>
              let the Height be one Breadth and a ſeventh of
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              that Breadth, in a flat Roof; but in a vaulted
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              one, let the Height be one Breadth, and a
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              ſeventh of the Length of the Platform. </s>
              <s>If the
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              Platform conſiſt of Lines whereof one is as
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              ſeven, and the other as five, or the Length be
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              as five and the Breadth as three, or the like,
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              according as the Neceſſity of the Place, or Va­
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              riety of Invention, or the Nature of the Orna­
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              ments requires; add thoſe two Lines together,
                <lb/>
              and allow one half of the Amount to the
                <lb/>
              Height. </s>
              <s>I muſt not here omit one Precaution,
                <lb/>
              namely, that the Veſtibule ought never to be
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              above twice as long as broad, and the Apart­
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              ments never leſs broad than two thirds of their
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              Length. </s>
              <s>The Platforms which are in Length
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              three or four Times their Breadth or more, be­
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              long only to Porticoes, and even they ought
                <lb/>
              never to be above ſix Times their Breadth. </s>
              <s>In
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              the Wall Apertures are to be left both for
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              Windows and Doors. </s>
              <s>If the Window is broke
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              in the Wall of the Breadth-line of the Plat­
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              form, which in its very Nature is ſhorter than
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              that of the Length, then there muſt be only a
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              ſingle one; and this Window itſelf muſt either
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              be higher than it is broad, or elſe on the con­
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              trary broader than it is high, which laſt Sort is
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              called a reclining Window. </s>
              <s>If the Breadth is
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              to be like that of the Door, ſomewhat leſs than
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              the Length; then let the Breadth of the clear
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              Opening be not more than a third, nor leſs than
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              a fourth Part of the Inſide of the Wall in which
                <lb/>
              it is made; and let the Reſt or Bottom of the
                <lb/>
              Window be in Height from the Floor not more
                <lb/>
              than four ninths of the whole Height, nor leſs
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              than two. </s>
              <s>The Height of the clear Open of
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              the Window muſt be one third more than its
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              Breadth; and this is the Proportion, if the Win­
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              dow is to be higher than broad; but if the
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              Window is to be broader then high, than of
                <lb/>
              the whole inſide Length of the Wall in which
                <lb/>
              it is made, you muſt not allow the Open of the
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              Window leſs than one half, nor more than two
                <lb/>
              thirds. </s>
              <s>In the ſame Manner its Height too
                <lb/>
              muſt be made either half its Breadth, or two
                <lb/>
              thirds, only it muſt have two little Columns to
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              ſupport the Tranſom. </s>
              <s>If you are to make
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              Windows in the longer Side, there muſt be
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              more of them, and they ſhould be in an odd
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              Number. </s>
              <s>I find the Ancients were beſt pleaſed
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              with three, which were made in the following
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              Manner: The whole longeſt Side of the Wall
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              muſt be divided into never more than ſeven, nor
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              leſs than five Parts, of which taking three, in
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              each of them make a Window, making the
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              Height of the Open one whole Breadth and
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              three quarters, or one Breadth and four fifths.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>If you would make your Windows more nu­
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              merous; as they will then partake of the Na­
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              ture of a Portico, you may borrow the Dimen­
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              ſions of your Openings from the Rules of the
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              Portico itſelf, and eſpecially from that of the
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              Theatre, as we laid them down in their proper
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              Place. </s>
              <s>The Doors muſt be made after the
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              Manner of thoſe which we deſcribed for the
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              Court and Council-chamber. </s>
              <s>Let the Dreſs of
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              the Windows be
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Corinthian;
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of the principal
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              Door,
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              Ionic;
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of the Doors of the Halls and
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              Chambers,
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Doric.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
              <s> And thus much of the Lines,
                <lb/>
              as far as they relate to this preſent Purpoſe.</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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