Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000644">
                <pb pagenum="373" xlink:href="016/01/022.jpg"/>
              rei, quòd Cometes, aut faces calores his ac­
                <lb/>
              cendunt intolerabiles: quid igitur fiet ſi tan­
                <lb/>
              ta regio & vniuerſus orbe igne ambiatur?
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.000645">Quid enim prohibebit, ne aërem ipſum ac­
                <lb/>
              cendat, inde hæc omnia reliqua, tum maxi­
                <lb/>
              mè quòd calor ſiderum adiuuabit. </s>
              <s id="s.000646">Omnem
                <lb/>
              enim lucem Auerroës calidam eſſe exiſtimat.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.000647">Aërem etiam calidum maximè eſſe volunt:
                <lb/>
              humida autem qualitas omnium minimè re­
                <lb/>
              ſiſtit. </s>
              <s id="s.000648">Quomodo igitur violentiſſimo & ma­
                <lb/>
              ximo, & acerrimo elementorum aër ipſe re­
                <lb/>
              pugnabit? </s>
              <s id="s.000649">Itaque Auerroës ipſe hoc videns
                <arrow.to.target n="marg53"/>
                <lb/>
              dixit, aliquando ignem
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              eſſe calidum actu:
                <lb/>
              ſed ſi calidus non eſt actu, quæ potentia hæc
                <lb/>
              eſt: Potentia dicimus medicamenta talia,
                <lb/>
              quòd deuorata calefaciunt: an verò hic ignis
                <lb/>
              ab aliquo
                <expan abbr="ingẽti">ingenti</expan>
              animali deuorabitur? </s>
              <s id="s.000650">Dein­
                <lb/>
              de, ſi ignis calidus non eſt, nec aqua pari ra­
                <lb/>
              tione frigida (hoc autem eſt confundere or­
                <lb/>
              dinem vniuerſi
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              quid etiam prohibet ne lu­
                <lb/>
              ceat? </s>
              <s id="s.000651">quanquam hoc eludant vt leue argu­
                <lb/>
              mentum. </s>
              <s id="s.000652">Si etiam ibi ignis eſt, cur quantò
                <lb/>
              altius aſcendimus, cuncta frigidiora appa­
                <lb/>
              rent, vt etiam ſub torrida zona in montium
                <lb/>
              cacuminibus niues abundare
                <expan abbr="affirmẽt">affirment</expan>
              ? </s>
              <s id="s.000653">Quod
                <lb/>
              minus mirum eſt, ſi quis conſideret non ſo­
                <lb/>
              lùm hyeme niues, ſed media etiam æſtate fri­
                <lb/>
              gidiſſimas grandines generari. </s>
              <s id="s.000654">Sed dicunt
                <lb/>
              abeſſe ea loca à radiorum repercuſſu: ſed hoc
                <lb/>
              minoris caliditatis argumentum eſſe poteſt,
                <lb/>
              non autem frigiditatis. </s>
              <s id="s.000655">Denique ſi ibi eſſet,
                <lb/>
              maximè ob generationem eſſet: verùm non
                <lb/>
              ob hoc eſſe poteſt, cùm calor cœleſtis ſit qui
                <lb/>
              generet, vel ipſo teſte philoſopho, & leuiſſi­
                <lb/>
              ma res tam procul deſcendere haud queat.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.000656">Forſan quis ignem ferri hunc ſurſum dicet,
                <lb/>
              atque ex eo coniectabitur ibi locum illius
                <lb/>
              eſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.000657">Sed primùm argumenta hæc rhetorica,
                <lb/>
              indigna ſunt vt in rebus ſeriis adducantur:
                <lb/>
              neque hic ignis illius naturæ eſt, cuius ſu­
                <lb/>
              periorem eſſe ferunt, cùm hic vrat, ſplen­
                <lb/>
              deat, corrumpat, quorum nullum illi ineſſe
                <lb/>
              ferunt. </s>
              <s id="s.000658">Dicemus etiam poſt hæc, cur id con­
                <lb/>
              tingat: & quòd non ſemper etiam contin­
                <lb/>
              gat docebimus. </s>
              <s id="s.000659">Nec illud argumenta
                <expan abbr="probãt">probant</expan>
              ,
                <lb/>
              imò potius oppoſitum. </s>
              <s id="s.000660">Nam inter duo ex­
                <lb/>
              trema, non duo, ſed tantùm vnum ſolet aſſi­
                <lb/>
              gnari medium. </s>
              <s id="s.000661">Quòd ſi ſtatuatur, non qua­
                <lb/>
              tuor, ſed tria tantùm erunt elementa. </s>
              <s id="s.000662">Quòd ſi
                <lb/>
              hoc non demonſtrat, multò minus quatuor
                <lb/>
              eſſe demonſtrabit. </s>
              <s id="s.000663">Nec faces aut cometes
                <lb/>
              nobis inſinuant eſſe ibi ignem, cùm ipſe
                <lb/>
              Philoſophus ſub igne ac iuxta terram in aë­
                <lb/>
              re fieri affirmet hæc ipſa, vt ignis penitùs in­
                <lb/>
              digna non ſint. </s>
              <s id="s.000664">Sed neque in miſtis videtur
                <lb/>
              ignis. </s>
              <s id="s.000665">Nam ſi modò eſſet, in euforbio & pi­
                <lb/>
              pere potius eſſet, quorum vis calida eſt, ac
                <lb/>
              ſicca non mediocriter, quàm in frigidiſſimis
                <lb/>
              lapidibus. </s>
              <s id="s.000666">Deſtillationes etiam, tres ſubſtan­
                <lb/>
              tias tantùm docent, aquam pro aqua, oleum
                <lb/>
              vice aëris, & terram quæ in imo ſubſidet.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.000667">Quòd ſi dicas, olei partem rubicundiorem
                <lb/>
              ignem referre quòd acutiſſima ſit, reſponde­
                <lb/>
              mus & ſerò, hanc ac uitatem, acremque ſapo­
                <lb/>
              rem ex ignis vi acriore proficiſci. </s>
              <s id="s.000668">Indicio
                <lb/>
              eſt, quòd metallicorum olei nulla eſt pars
                <lb/>
              expers acerrimi ſaporis. </s>
              <s id="s.000669">Quare ſi hoc totum
                <lb/>
              quod acerrimum eſt ignem refert, acris ni­
                <lb/>
              hil omninò ineſſe oportet. </s>
              <s id="s.000670">Quate etiam ad
                <lb/>
              tria tantùm redimus elementa. </s>
              <s id="s.000671">Humores
                <lb/>
              in animalibus quatuor ſunt: ſed quid hoc
                <lb/>
              ad elementa? </s>
              <s id="s.000672">quid ſi tantùm tria cum
                <lb/>
              Thruſiano expoſitore artis medicæ Galeni
                <lb/>
              eſſe dicam? </s>
              <s id="s.000673">Sed tamen ſenſus oſtendit eſſe
                <lb/>
              quatuor? </s>
              <s id="s.000674">Nequaquam: nam nec ipſi faten­
                <lb/>
              tur hunc ignem elementum eſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.000675">Quare po­
                <lb/>
              tius tria declarat nobis ſenſus, quàm qua­
                <lb/>
              tuor. </s>
              <s id="s.000676">Neque quod celeriter exedat omnia,
                <lb/>
              ideo dicendum elementum: nam ſic etiam
                <lb/>
              motus elementum eſſet: nec quia celeriter
                <lb/>
              creſcat, nam mures & ipſi elementum eſ­
                <lb/>
              ſent. </s>
              <s id="s.000677">Sed horum neutrum terræ ineſt, quam
                <lb/>
              tamen omnes vno ore elementum eſſe fa­
                <lb/>
              tentur. </s>
              <s id="s.000678">Omnia igitur ad hæc, ad demon­
                <lb/>
              ſtrandum quatuor eſſe elementa, tum etiam
                <lb/>
              ignem elementum eſſe, parum habent fidei:
                <lb/>
              quin imò vt ab initio propoſuimus, oppoſi­
                <lb/>
              tum potius oſtendunt. </s>
              <s id="s.000679">Supererat illud ma­
                <lb/>
              ximum à qualitatum coniugationibus at
                <lb/>
              non vident hoc in miſtis oſtendere: calida
                <lb/>
              enim quædam ſunt & humida, alia calida
                <lb/>
              & ſicca, atque ſic deinceps. </s>
              <s id="s.000680">At in elemen­
                <lb/>
              tis quoniam calor & ſiccitas tam immodica
                <lb/>
              ad interitum omnia erant traductura, pro
                <lb/>
              elemento cœleſtem calorem ac bene tem­
                <lb/>
              peratum ſubſtituit, ex quo omnia genera­
                <lb/>
              rentur. </s>
              <s id="s.000681">Hoc quidem ac putredine tum motu
                <lb/>
              generari ſolet materia, quam ignem vocant.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.000682">Ignis
                <expan abbr="itaq;">itaque</expan>
              ſit, ſed elementorum
                <expan abbr="nequaquã">nequaquam</expan>
              . </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.000683">
                <margin.target id="marg53"/>
              Primo Can­
                <lb/>
              ticæ com­
                <lb/>
              mente 15.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000684">Iam ſcio quid dicturi ſint nonnulli. </s>
              <s id="s.000685">Quis
                <lb/>
              tu es tam audax, qui aduerſus Philoſophum
                <lb/>
              ſentire audes? </s>
              <s id="s.000686">præſertim in tam confirmata,
                <lb/>
              atque antiqua rerum ſententia. </s>
              <s id="s.000687">Deinde, quo­
                <lb/>
              nam pacto grandinum & niuis generatio
                <lb/>
              oſtendet ignem ibi non eſſe, quum etiamſi
                <lb/>
              nullus adſit ignis, attamen non par eſt regio­
                <lb/>
              nem illam eſſe ſrigidiſſimam, cùm radiis ſy­
                <lb/>
              derum illuſtretur, & nihilominus aër ipſe, in
                <lb/>
              quo ſita ea eſt regio, calidiſſimus ſit? </s>
              <s id="s.000688">Ignem
                <lb/>
              quoque cùm dicimus atque elementum, rem
                <lb/>
              prorſus calidiſſimam ac ſicciſſimam intelli­
                <lb/>
              gimus: hic noſter ignis calidiſſimus eſt ac
                <lb/>
              ſicciſſimus, quo fit vt immiſtus etiam ſit:
                <lb/>
              nam ſi miſtus eſſet, talis eſſe non poſſet,
                <lb/>
              quare hic ignis elementum eſt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000689">Hæc ſunt quę tametſi non mihi
                <expan abbr="obiiciãtur">obiiciantur</expan>
              ,
                <lb/>
              obiici tamen poſſe ſentio. </s>
              <s id="s.000690">Ergo vt ad
                <expan abbr="Ariſto-telẽ">Ariſto­
                  <lb/>
                telem</expan>
                <expan abbr="deueniã">deueniam</expan>
              , homo ille fuit, & in diſſectione
                <lb/>
              ac ſingularibus in multis aberrauit. </s>
              <s id="s.000691">
                <expan abbr="Quin-etiã">Quin­
                  <lb/>
                etiam</expan>
              illo poſteriores & Theophraſtus, & Ga­
                <lb/>
              lenus plura perperàm ſcripsêre,
                <expan abbr="itaq;">itaque</expan>
              ſi licuit
                <lb/>
              illi Platonem ob veritatem relinquere, cur
                <lb/>
              etiam ob
                <expan abbr="eandẽ">eandem</expan>
              illum nobis deſerere non li­
                <lb/>
              cebit? </s>
              <s id="s.000692">Propoſitiones quaſdam conatus eſt ge­
                <lb/>
              nerales aſtruere, quas experimentum falſas
                <lb/>
              eſſe docet: vt, quòd
                <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan>
              animal bene oleat,
                <lb/>
              quodque graue non poſſit, vtrinque promi­
                <lb/>
              nere, atque ideo terra non ex vtraque parte
                <lb/>
              aquis promineat, quæ tamen experimento
                <lb/>
              falſa eſſe depræhenduntur. </s>
              <s id="s.000693">
                <expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan>
              ſi inter mil­
                <lb/>
              le propoſitiones, in duabus, aut tribus aber­
                <lb/>
              raſſe illum fateamur, haud rem homine indi­
                <lb/>
              gnam etiam ſapientiſſimo feciſſe illum di­
                <lb/>
              cemus. </s>
              <s id="s.000694">Nam & ab Auerroë ipſo in paucis
                <lb/>
              deſeritur, in nonnullis coarguitur, in pluri­
                <lb/>
              bus verò ſenſu tranſpoſito defenditur. </s>
              <s id="s.000695">Hoc
                <lb/>
              autem verè eſt etiam ipſum confutare, non
                <lb/>
              tueri. </s>
              <s id="s.000696">Sed
                <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan>
              in hoc diſſentimus ab Ariſto­
                <lb/>
              tele:
                <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan>
              in
                <expan abbr="cõcauo">concauo</expan>
              orbis Lunæ, nec
                <expan abbr="ignẽ">ignem</expan>
              eſſe
                <lb/>
              vult, nec rem
                <expan abbr="calidiſſimã">calidiſſimam</expan>
              . </s>
              <s id="s.000697">Quod ad regionem </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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