Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001522">
                <pb pagenum="390" xlink:href="016/01/039.jpg"/>
              aquea parte. </s>
              <s id="s.001523">Hæc autem vel ignibus, vt in
                <lb/>
              pane: & pinguedine, quæ cocta non putreſ­
                <lb/>
              cit: vel ſi humidum paucum ſit, vt in ſali­
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              ta carne, frigido, & ſicco ſeruatur, qua­
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              lis eſt aër dum mouetur. </s>
              <s id="s.001524">Nam aër cùm mo­
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              uetur, frigidus eſt, & ſiccus: frigidus qui­
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              dem ob naturam, ſiccus ob motum: motus
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg151"/>
                <lb/>
              enim exciccat. </s>
              <s id="s.001525">Ob hoc igitur aër immotus
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              corrumpit, quia humectat, nec tantùm,
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              quantum neceſſe eſt refrigerat: dum autem
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              mouetur, conſeruat, exccicans ob motum,
                <lb/>
              & vehementer refrigerans. </s>
              <s id="s.001526">Multa ergo cùm
                <lb/>
              aër exponuntur, corrumpuntur, quæ aliter
                <lb/>
              incorrupta manebant: alia ſeruantur, quæ
                <lb/>
              abſque aëris auxilio corrumperentur. </s>
              <s id="s.001527">Itaque
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              non ſolùm hæc, ſed alia, quæ inferiùs di­
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              centur, à putredine ſeruantur. </s>
              <s id="s.001528">A rancore au­
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              tem & carie humida tuentur, & quæ aëris
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              motum prohibent: nam ab hoc ſiccantur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001529">Sed talia cùm ſint immodicè calida, vel ſic­
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              ca, licet à putredine ignis auxilio præſerua­
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              rentur, corrumperentur tamen abſque pu­
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              tredine. </s>
              <s id="s.001530">De putredinis igitur cauſis ac gene­
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              ribus, & auxiliis ſatis dictum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001531">Reliquum
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              eſt igitur vt doceamus, ipſi Sacro liquori,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg152"/>
                <lb/>
              de quo ſuprà diximus, nihil Elixir propin­
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              quius eſſe, quod pater meus conſtruxit. </s>
              <s id="s.001532">O­
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              dorata pleraque ligna, & herbæ ardente
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              aqua excipiuntur, & in fimo ſepulta ſemi
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              putreſcunt, vnde
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              vt dictum eſt ) tenuior
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              pars à terrea ſeparatur, inde diſtillatione
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              optimum quicquid eſt fæce ſola relicta de­
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              trahimus. </s>
              <s id="s.001533">Dentes hoc firmant, & canos
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              retardat, concoctionem, memoriam, &
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              ſenſus iuuat, Sacro liquore, tametſi plures
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              in mediam prouehat ſenectam, longè in­
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              feriùs.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg153"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001534">
                <margin.target id="marg149"/>
              Saporum na­
                <lb/>
              tura.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001535">
                <margin.target id="marg150"/>
              Quatuor eſſe
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              genera pu­
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              trednis de­
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              monſtratur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001536">
                <margin.target id="marg151"/>
              Aer cur cor­
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              rumpat quæ­
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              dam, alia
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              ſeruet.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001537">
                <margin.target id="marg152"/>
              Elixir com­
                <lb/>
              poſitio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001538">
                <margin.target id="marg153"/>
              Putridi, &
                <lb/>
              ignei caloris
                <lb/>
              differentia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001539">At dices, ſi putridus calor corrumpit,
                <lb/>
              cur etiam non igneus, cùm eiuſdem ſit ge­
                <lb/>
              neris? </s>
              <s id="s.001540">Hoc eſt, quia igneus exterior eſt,
                <lb/>
              putridus autem intimus: ob hoc igneus cùm
                <lb/>
              ad ſe trahat, & ſiccando, trahendo ſiccat
                <lb/>
              interiora, & putredinem prohibet. </s>
              <s id="s.001541">Putri­
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              dus quamvis ſiccet, cùm intimus ſit, & ad
                <lb/>
              ſe trahat
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              omnis enim calor ad ſe trahit
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              interiora humectat, & putrefacit. </s>
              <s id="s.001542">Putridus
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              igitur cum igneo conuenit, quòd & ipſe ſic­
                <lb/>
              cet, & generet: & cum naturali, quòd in
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              penetralibus iaceat, & corrumpat. </s>
              <s id="s.001543">Ob id
                <lb/>
              putridus calor, medius rectè dictus à qui­
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              buſdam inter igneum, & naturalem. </s>
              <s id="s.001544">Nam
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              ſubſtantia ſimilis eſt igneo, ſitu in compa­
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              ratione ad alimentum naturali: nam ſemper
                <lb/>
              igneus extra alimentum poſitus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.001545">Sed di­
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              ces, cur putridus calor veneni auctor eſt,
                <arrow.to.target n="marg154"/>
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              igneus omnibus reſiſtit venenis
                <emph type="italics"/>
              ?
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              Nam vul­
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              nera ex venenatis animalibus profecta, ſi
                <expan abbr="cã-denti">can­
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                denti</expan>
              ferro vrantur, expertia fiunt: & me­
                <lb/>
              dicamenta quælibet cùm vruntur, & in ci­
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              nerem rediguntur, venenum eſſe deſinunt:
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              ſublimata autem ( ſic enim nunc quæ anti­
                <lb/>
              quo tempore cocta vocabantur ) vt ſæpiùs
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              cocta fuerint, eò fiunt pernicioſiora, & ma­
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              gis præſentanea ad mortem. </s>
              <s id="s.001546">Ratio eadem
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              eſt in putredine, & his quæ ſublimantur:
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              nam vbi calor augetur, & humidum non
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              finitur, vt in his, quæ coquuntur, aut pu­
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              treſcunt, veneni vis exacerbatur: vbi verò
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              vruntur, quum omnis humida pars pereat,
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              & ſimul finiatur caliditas, vt in cinere, ne­
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              ceſſe eſt, & veneni vim totam abſcedere.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.001547">Non abſurdè igitur quidam argento viuo
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg155"/>
                <lb/>
              ſublimato peſtem curabat, nam vi ignea
                <lb/>
              omne venenum finitur. </s>
              <s id="s.001548">Sic apud Auſonium
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              rectè:
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                <emph type="quote"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Toxica zelotypo dedit vxor mœcha marito,
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              Nec ſatis ad mortem credidit eſſe
                <expan abbr="datũ">datum</expan>
                <lb/>
              Miſcuit argenti lethalia pondera viui,
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              Cogeret vt celerem vis geminata necem.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph.end type="quote"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001549">
                <margin.target id="marg154"/>
              Ignis omni
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              veneno reſi­
                <lb/>
              ſtit.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001550">
                <margin.target id="marg155"/>
              Peſtis cura
                <lb/>
              cum argento
                <lb/>
              ſublimato.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001551">Inde poſt pauca ſubiicit:
                <lb/>
                <emph type="quote"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ergo inter ſeſe, dum noxia pocula certant,
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              Ceſſit lethalis noxa ſalutiferæ.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph.end type="quote"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001552">Nam ( vt dixi ) argentum viuum ſubli­
                <lb/>
              matum, ignis habet rationem. </s>
              <s id="s.001553">Verunta­
                <lb/>
              men qui peſtem ſic curabat, plures medica­
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              mento occidebat, quàm ſanaret. </s>
              <s id="s.001554">Si igitur
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              innoxium, & igneum medicamentum pa­
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              retur, curare poterit. </s>
              <s id="s.001555">Illud tamen quale­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg156"/>
                <lb/>
              cunque fuerit, vt etiam calida lintea exte­
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              riùs appoſita, calorem debilitat naturalem.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001556">At contraria ratione puellus, aut catulus
                <lb/>
              pinguis ventriculo applicatus, iuuat mul­
                <lb/>
              tùm concoctionem, & calorem auget natu­
                <lb/>
              ralem, quamvis non ſit idem calor, imò
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              à catuli calore etiam ſpecie differt. </s>
              <s id="s.001557">Ma­
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              nifeſtum eſt igitur naturalem calorem,
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              cùm non offenditur ab alio naturali ca­
                <lb/>
              lore, motu, vt igneum ab igneo confir­
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              mari. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.001558">
                <margin.target id="marg156"/>
                <expan abbr="Confirmãtia">Confirmantia</expan>
                <lb/>
              calorem in­
                <lb/>
              natum ven­
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              triculi.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.001559">His explicatis ad elementorum hiſtoriam
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg157"/>
                <lb/>
              redeamus, quæ tria eſſe docuimus, aërem,
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              aquam, terram. </s>
              <s id="s.001560">Nec neceſſe fuit aërem
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              miſceri in generatione, quoniam calor ad
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              patiendum minimè aptus eſt: concurrunt
                <lb/>
              elementa vt materia, ideò terra & aqua ſuf­
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              ficiebant. </s>
              <s id="s.001561">Sed nec vt calefacerent, quando­
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              quidem alius calor fuit neceſſarius origine
                <lb/>
              cœleſtis, & ille etiam operi ſufficiebat, cum
                <lb/>
              duobus caloribus, veluti duobus principi­
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              bus deteriùs res proceſſura fuiſſet, nec ele­
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              menta frigida alieno calori, elementique
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              contrarij paruiſſent. </s>
              <s id="s.001562">Quinimò pugna quæ­
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              dam hæc fuiſſet, non generatio. </s>
              <s id="s.001563">Admirabi­
                <lb/>
              tur forſan aliquis, quòd in contradicen­
                <lb/>
              tium libris aliter ſenſerim. </s>
              <s id="s.001564">Sed vbi opinio­
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              nes antiquorum ſequi propoſitum fuit, hîc
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              verò docere veritatem. </s>
              <s id="s.001565">Cuius igitur cauſa
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              elementum aëris factum eſt? </s>
              <s id="s.001566">Vt ſubiicere­
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              tur radiis ſiderum, illorúmque vires excipe­
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              ret: adeò excipit, vt in repentinis mutatio­
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              nibus non ſolùm animalia, ſed etiam plan­
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              tas occidat, velut hoc anno M. D. XLIX.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg158"/>
                <lb/>
              triduò citrangula omnia Liguriæ ſiccauit,
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              prodigio non leui. </s>
              <s id="s.001567">Cauſa eſt, quòd calori ſu­
                <lb/>
              perueniens corpora tàm plantarum, quàm
                <lb/>
              animalium aperta offendit, & calorem, qui
                <lb/>
              intùs eſt, extinguit: non ita diuturnum
                <lb/>
              frigus, quod ſenſim obrepit, licet maius
                <lb/>
              longè fuerit. </s>
              <s id="s.001568">Hoc verò contingere non poſ­
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              ſet, ſi ( vt ferunt) ſpontè eſſet calidiſſimus.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.001569">Ob id verò & perſpicuus factus eſt, & fri­
                <lb/>
              gidiſſimus, vt animalibus eſſet ſalubris, &
                <lb/>
              commodus, non vt nugantur, calidiſſimus
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              & humidiſſimus. </s>
              <s id="s.001570">Quod verò ad confirmatio­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg159"/>
                <lb/>
              nem huius ſententiæ eſt, arduámque diſſol­
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              uit quæſtionem, eſt, quòd exhalantes toto
                <lb/>
              ore aërem excalefaciunt: quòd ſi conſtrictis
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              labiis exſufflent, infrigidant. </s>
              <s id="s.001571">Cauſam enim
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              hanc non aliam eſſe conſpicuum eſt, quàm
                <lb/>
              quòd cùm ſpontè ſit frigidus, cum impetu </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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