Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002885">
                <pb pagenum="419" xlink:href="016/01/068.jpg"/>
              enim lumen corpus, ſed imago lucis, quæ
                <lb/>
              meatibus non indiget, velut nec calor: ca­
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              lor autem magis corporeus eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.002886">Quia ergo
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              in ſolido recipiuntur radij, recipitur & ca­
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              lor. </s>
              <s id="s.002887">Quomodo autem à ſyderibus reflecta­
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              tur, dubitatio non parua eſt: nam ſi refle­
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              ctitur lumen à ſydere, ſolidum ſydus eſſe
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              oportet: quòd ſi ſolidum, cur motu non
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              frangitur, & eum à quo mouetur non fa­
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              tigat? </s>
              <s id="s.002888">Oportet autem quemadmodum & in
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              corpore animalium, animam ſpontè moue­
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              re, & alacriter: at in nobis alacritas illa de­
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              ficit, quia ibi ſolum eſt vis, quæ a corde
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              transfunditur, vbi anima habitas: at in
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              cœlo cùm vbique anima ſit, eſt alacritas
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              ſempiterna, ob id nec voluntate anima fa­
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              tigatur, quòd nullo corporeo indigeat au­
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              xilio: nec cor, quòd in eo ſit anima: ſed
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg324"/>
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              tamen ſpeciem habet fatigationis. </s>
              <s id="s.002889">Cœlum
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              autem cùm nunquam quieſcat, & vbique
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              præſentem habeat animam, nunquam fati­
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              gari poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.002890">Sed de Lunæ circulo, quòd ſe­
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              cum æthera rapiat, non adeò clara quæſtio
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              eſt, fatigari enim deberet: melius verò eſt
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              dicere, toti ætheri hoc ineſſe ſpontè, vt
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              vnaquæque pars circumcirca feratur ab O­
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              riente in Occidentem, & ſingulæ cùm ſuo
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              loco depulſæ fuerint ſpontè ad eam reuer­
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              tantur. </s>
              <s id="s.002891">Hæc autem quæſtio pro nobis eſt,
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              qui mundum finem habiturum, habuiſſé­
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              que initium, in libris de Æternitatis arca­
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              nis cenſuimus. </s>
              <s id="s.002892">Aut forſan dicemus, quem­
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              admodum aquam ad Lunæ motum, ſic æthe­
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              ra ad primi cœli ſpontè circumferri, non ele­
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              menti natura, ſed obedientia ad ſuperiora: vel
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              quòd ad motum conſeruandum hoc ſufficit
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              nullo nixu, initium verò non ſine labore fie­
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              ret. </s>
              <s id="s.002893">Sed hic motus cùm ſit ſempiternus, ini­
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              tio caruit.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.002894">
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              Sydera an
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              ſolida.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.002895">
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              Quomodo
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              æther mo­
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              ueatur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.002896">
                <margin.target id="marg325"/>
              Crepuſculo­
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              rum ratio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002897">Verùm de his ſatis, ad lucis ac luminis
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              hiſtoriam reuertamur: vbi meritò forſan
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              quis quæret, cur ante Solis ortum, & poſt oc­
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              caſum, aër luceat & clariùs ſit? </s>
              <s id="s.002898">quod tempus
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              crepuſculum vocatur. </s>
              <s id="s.002899">Sed cùm veſpertinum
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              crepuſculi nomen retinuerit, matutinum in
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              auroræ nomen tranſiit. </s>
              <s id="s.002900">Cuius meminit Vir­
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              gilius duo decim claris experimentis. </s>
              <s id="s.002901">Pri­
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              mùm referre ſat eſt:
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                <emph type="quote"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Aurora Oceanum croceo velamine fulgens
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              Liquerat, & biiugis vecta rubebat equis:
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              Luce polum nitida perfudit candidus orbis,
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              Et clarum emicuit Sole oriente iubar.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph.end type="quote"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.068.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/068/1.jpg" number="43"/>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002902">Ergo Solis radij cùm impediuntur à ter­
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              ra, nullam claritatem afferunt, ſi non ali­
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              quo ex loco reflectantur. </s>
              <s id="s.002903">Etenim cùm me­
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              dia nox eſt, ponatur cœlum Solis ABF, Sol
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              A B, terra C D, ducantur contingentes
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              ACE: & BDE, concurrentes in E, totum
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              igitur quod continetur ſub cœlo ABF, & ſu­
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              pra, à lumine Solis illuſtratur, præter tri­
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              gonum CDE, & tamen partes F, & G, non
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              videntur claræ, quia Solis radij penetrant,
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              nec reflectuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.002904">Sed neque Sol magnitudi­
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              ne ſua poteſt crepuſculum facere, tum quia
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              radij viderentur, & Solem videremus ipſum
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              tum quia, vt demonſtrauimus, ob maximam
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              altitudinem lineæ CE, & DE, fermè redde­
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              rentur æquidiſtantes. </s>
              <s id="s.002905">Ergo crepuſculum fit,
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              quoniam pars quæ ſupra terram eſt, conten­
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              ta ſub E, puncto, id eſt, ſub vmbra, terræ, à
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              vaporibus condenſata radios Solis excipit.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.002906">& ad nos reflectit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002907">Obſeruemus igitur Solem dum eſt ſub
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              æquinoctiali circulo, qui crepuſculum in­
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              choat partibus 19. ante ortum, id eſt, ho­
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              ra fermè, & quarta ante Solis ipſius aſcen­
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              ſum, & manifeſtum eſt, quòd tunc primum
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              Solis radius, qui aërem illuſtrat, terram
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              contingit: nam ſi non contingeret, ex ſum­
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              mo loco vaporum contingens ad terram du­
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              ctus perueniret ad locum inferiorem priore,
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              atque ſic crepuſculum antea quàm dictum
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              ſit, inchoaret. </s>
              <s id="s.002908">Hoc igitur poſito, conſti­
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              tuatur circulus terram referens, cuius cen­
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              trum C, contangens linea AD, ſumma pars
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                <figure id="id.016.01.068.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/068/2.jpg" number="44"/>
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              vaporum E, locus radij Soli F, & vbi ſecat
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              AD, ibi G, ponat: quia igitur Solis diſtan­
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              tia maxima eſt ad terræ comparationem, an­
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              gulus FGD, eſt, ac ſi eſſet in centro C, terræ,
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              quare eſt 19. partium, igitur & EGA, vt in
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              centro circuli: ſed A, & B, recti ſunt, igitur
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              cùm E, communis ſit duobus trigonis CBE,
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              & AEG, ipſi erunt ſimiles, & ideò ratio late­
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              rum cognita: at BC, eſt millia paſſuum (vt
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              dictum eſt ) quinquies mille, igitur AE, eſt
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              millia paſſuum 288. & ad tantam altitudi­
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              nem vapores aſcendunt. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.002909">
                <margin.target id="marg326"/>
              Demonſtra­
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              tio oſtendens
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              ad quandam
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              altitudinem
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              à terra va­
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              pores aſcen­
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              dere poſſe.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.002910">En vides humani ingenij ſubtilitatem
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              quouſque perueniat? </s>
              <s id="s.002911">Vitellionem haud ig­
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              noro deceptum eſſe, qui aſcendere tantùm
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              ad 52. paſſuum millia tradiderit, cùm quintu­
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              plo plus ac dimidio, quàm dixerit aſcendant:
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              verùm cùm ambitum terræ contrahat, &
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              paſſus ob id etiam maiores faciat aliquantò,
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              non tamen vſque ad quartam partem debitæ
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              altitudinis deducere eam poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.002912">Quòd ſi vt
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              ad ſummum deducatur crepuſculum per
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              duas horas ante diem fiat, angulus C, in
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              circumferentia, qui æqualis eſt G, partium
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              60. & E, 120. quare linea AE, quæ altitudo
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              vaporum, erit paſſuum millia 772. & hoc
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              eſt maximum ad quod aſcendere vapores
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              poſſint è terra ſpatium. </s>
              <s id="s.002913">Vnde Irides, Vir­
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              gæ incendia, hiatus cœli, non altiùs fie­
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              ri poſſunt: vt nec triplicati Soles, geminatæ </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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