Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003703">
                <pb pagenum="439" xlink:href="016/01/088.jpg"/>
              ſenſim adiicere, inde poſt dies octo reſerato
                <lb/>
              vaſe minutim vendere, cumque clarum &
                <lb/>
              bonum videatur: ſi tamen diutiùs moretur
                <lb/>
              in calice, vel vaſe, denuò corrumpitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003704">Re­
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              linquit etiam quòd effuſum eſt in calcis
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              margine butyroſam pinguedinem, ob quam
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              fraus detegitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003705">Eſt tamen lucroſa fraus. </s>
              <s id="s.003706">Si
                <lb/>
              tamen prohibere potiùs conſilium eſt an­
                <lb/>
              tequam conturbetur, ne putreſcat, decima
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              pars ardentis aquæ immiſta, efficit: meliùs
                <lb/>
              longè ſulphur, ſed odore prodit dolum: me­
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              mini me bibiſſe. </s>
              <s id="s.003707">Idem poteſt alumen: ſed
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              noxia ambo, valetudini vehementer ob­
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              ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.003708">In vniuerſum autem, vt dicam, cla­
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              rant vinum quæcunque grauia ſunt, aut
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              lenta: lenta, vt lac, & oui candidum: ob id
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              liquores omnes illo immiſto repurgantur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003709">Grauia autem dum imum petunt, cuiuſmo­
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              di ſunt lapides fluminum cocti, donec ſcin­
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              dantur, & in puluerem redacti: quoniam
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              enim miſcentur, ſicci ſunt, trahunt quic­
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              quid lutoſum eſt: ab hoc enim fit turbu­
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              lentum. </s>
              <s id="s.003710">Cùm verò traxerint, deſcendunt in
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              vino ad fundum, & vinum repurgant. </s>
              <s id="s.003711">Igi­
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              tur & hoc idem ſal efficere poterit, ſed ſa­
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              pore prodit fraudem, & vinum inſuauius
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              reddit. </s>
              <s id="s.003712">Facilè eſt etiam omnia vina adultera­
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              ta metallicis dignoſcere. </s>
              <s id="s.003713">Nam in calice ho­
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              ris relicta 24. fundum ob grauitatem pe­
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              tente metallico, vina inſtar vappæ red­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg464"/>
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              duntur, colore euaneſcente. </s>
              <s id="s.003714">Sed ſi melle vi­
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              num adulteratum ſit, illicò dignoſcitur, ſu­
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              per candens ferrum conſperſis paucis gut­
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              tulis: reſoluto enim vino mel reſidet. </s>
              <s id="s.003715">Te­
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              nuior enim cùm ſit vini quàm mellis ſub­
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              ſtantia, illo reſoluto, hoc manet. </s>
              <s id="s.003716">Similiret
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              mel ſi adulteretur ( id ſolet fieri farina mi­
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              lij) decoctum & deſpumatum, in vaſque vi­
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              treum coniectum, remanet turbulentum ſu­
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              periore parte. </s>
              <s id="s.003717">Atque ita mihi contigit anno
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              præterito ſeplaſiam mercatoris Pepiæ de­
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              prehendere. </s>
              <s id="s.003718">Quòd ſi grauiore aliquo pul­
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              uere ſit corruptum, in imo ſubſidet quod
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              additum eſt, atque ob id in fundo obſcurum
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              fit. </s>
              <s id="s.003719">Oleum verò ardendo fallaciam prodit:
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              aut enim crepitat, ac ſtridet, aut amurca ma­
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              ior colligitur, quàm pro olei quantitate. </s>
              <s id="s.003720">Cur
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg465"/>
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              igitur lac vinum emendat? </s>
              <s id="s.003721">quia craſi quaſi
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              facta pingue ſubſidet, lactis ſecum trahens
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              quod turbulentum eſt, aquea lactis in vi­
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              no relicta parte, quæ vini vitia obſcuret.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003722">Inde paruæ vini partes vitia detegunt,
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              quòd ob imbecillitatem celerius ab aëre de­
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              nuò corrumpatur. </s>
              <s id="s.003723">At odoris vitium in gra­
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              tiam etiam commutat garyophyli citran­
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              gulo vndequaque infixi, ipſo verò ſuſpen­
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              ſo in vaſe, ſic vt vinum non tangat. </s>
              <s id="s.003724">Ergo
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              quæ natura non ſunt ſimilia, craſim non
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              faciunt, vt vinum cum aqua, niſi imbecil­
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              lem: multo minus cùm lacte vinum, mi­
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              nus adhuc & nullo modo liquida hæc cum
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg466"/>
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              oleo. </s>
              <s id="s.003725">At lora magis verè miſta eſt, quòd
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              efferbuerit: nec tamen planè miſta, cùm miſ­
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              cere naturæ ſit, non artis opus, nec etiam
                <lb/>
              ignis. </s>
              <s id="s.003726">Quæcunque igitur verè miſta ſunt,
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              vnam tantùm elementi formam, ſed non ex­
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              quiſitam, oſtendunt: reliquorum ſolùm vi­
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              res. </s>
              <s id="s.003727">Nam ſi non vbique elementa in miſto
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              eſſent, aceruus eſſet quod miſtum eſt, non
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              res genita: ſi vbique & ſecundum ſub­
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              ſtantiam, corpora mutuò ſe penetra­
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              rent. </s>
              <s id="s.003728">Oſtenſum eſt autem hoc in Medicinæ
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              libris. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003729">
                <margin.target id="marg463"/>
              Vinum cor­
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              ruptum quo­
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              modo emen­
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              detur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003730">
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              Vinum adul­
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              teratum quo
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              modo di­
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              gnoſcatur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.003731">Mel &
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              oleum adul­
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              terata quo­
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              modo de­
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              præhendan
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              tur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003732">
                <margin.target id="marg465"/>
              Vinum quo­
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              modo redda­
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              tur odora­
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              tum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003733">
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              Elementa
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              actu ſunt in
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              omnibus mi­
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              ſtis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003734">Eſt igitur forma miſti victoris elemen­
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              ti imperfecta. </s>
              <s id="s.003735">Atque ea ſenſim acquiritur:
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              in elementis quidem palàm, in aliis autem
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              id fieri Melanthon exiſtimat. </s>
              <s id="s.003736">Videtur autem
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              ex his rationi conſonum, cùm forma ſit ele­
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              menti dominantis. </s>
              <s id="s.003737">At hæc ſenſim amittitur,
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              ſenſim enim acquiſita eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003738">In quibuſdam au­
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              tem nobilioribus Ariſtoteles non ſenſim
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              quidem omninò, ſed per gradus: quoniam
                <lb/>
              fœtus in vtero primò viuit, inde ſentit,
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              pòſt autem fit mentis capax. </s>
              <s id="s.003739">Anima autem,
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              in qua mens, poſterius perficitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003740">Mens au­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg468"/>
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              tem exterius aduenit. </s>
              <s id="s.003741">Atque hæc ſenſui pro­
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              piora. </s>
              <s id="s.003742">Omnia autem miſta, aut terrea ſunt,
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              vt lapides & plantæ: vel aquea, vt lac &
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              oleum: vel planè miſta, vt animalium cor­
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              pora. </s>
              <s id="s.003743">Nam igitur eodem modo fit miſtura,
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              quo nutricatio, vel augmentum. </s>
              <s id="s.003744">Nam in
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              miſtione aliquid alicui additur, in illis
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              quòd potentia eſt, ei quod eſt actu, & ſecun­
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              dum quamlibet formæ partem fit augmen­
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              tum, non autem materiæ: quoniam materia
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              ſine fine diuidi poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.003745">Atque idem de nu­
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              tricatione. </s>
              <s id="s.003746">Igitur augmentum & nutricatio
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              ſecundum formam verè fiunt: ſecundum ma­
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              teriam autem eſt ſola additio, quoniam vn­
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              dique aliquid iuxtà apponitur. </s>
              <s id="s.003747">Minima ergo
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              pars carnis, accedente nutrimento augetur
                <lb/>
              tota ſecundum formam, ſed ſecundum ma­
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              teriam non, verùm tantùm in circuitu. </s>
              <s id="s.003748">Sed
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              neque hoc modo propriè: verum ( vt dixi)
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              augmenti & nutricationis fermè eadem eſt
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              ratio, imò & generationis: hæc enim fiunt
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              ab anima: ſolius enim animæ opus eſt, eo
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              modo poſſe attenuare, tum vnire ac tranſ­
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              mutare. </s>
              <s id="s.003749">Etenim ſi quid aliud vita carens
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              hoc poſſet, illud maximè poſſet ignis: eſt
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              enim eorum omnium quæ non viuunt ro­
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              buſtiſſimum, at non poteſt: vt enim iam do­
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              cuimus, quòd accedit iuxtà apponitur ei
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              quod comburitur, non autem ſuſtantiam
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              priorem ingreditur: itaque omnia miſta,
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              vel viuere, vel vixiſſe neceſſarium eſt.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003750">
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              2. Contra­
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              dict. </s>
              <s id="s.003751">tract.1.
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              cont.1.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003752">
                <margin.target id="marg468"/>
              Miſtura in
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              quo ab aug­
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              mento, &
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              nutricatio­
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              ne differat</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.003753">
                <margin.target id="marg469"/>
              Miſta omnia
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              viuere, octo
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              oſtenditur
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              rationibus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003754">Sumantur autem ratio hoc modo: quia
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              nutriuntur, & nutrimentum non fit niſi ab
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              anima, & quod animam habet, viuit. </s>
              <s id="s.003755">Quòd
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              ſi nutriri neges, concedes ſaltem generari: at
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              nihil generatur, niſi ab anima, quia ( vt di­
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              xi) ſola illa miſcet. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.003756">Videmus etiam omnia miſta ſenſim de­
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              generare ab elementis grauioribus, velut la­
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              pides, & minus etiam metallicas terras, ma­
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              gis autem ſuccos, inde metalla, pòſt plantas,
                <lb/>
              & animalia imperfecta, & deinde perfectio­
                <lb/>
              ra ſenſim, donec ad hominem peruenia­
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              mus, cuius compoſitio ab elementorum na­
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              tura, ac ſubſtantia tantùm abeſſe videtur,
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              vt nullo modo ex eis illum conſtare quis
                <arrow.to.target n="marg470"/>
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              credat. </s>
              <s id="s.003757">Igitur ſi homo, animalia, & plantæ
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              viuunt, cùm vnus ſit & idem calor cœle­
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              ſtis, qui hæc omnia miſcet, ſed illa minus,
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              hæc magis, vt ſuo loco oſtendemus: mani­
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              feſtum eſt quòd rectè dixit Hippocrates,
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              animam nihil aliud eſſe quàm cæleſte illud
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              calidum. </s>
              <s id="s.003758">Quòd & Ariſtotelis opinioni ad­
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              hæret. </s>
              <s id="s.003759">dum vult ſpiritus calorem propor­
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              tionem habere quandam cum elemento </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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