Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="068/01/024.jpg" pagenum="10"/>
              ſhould maintain themſelves the ſame in
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              Tiber,
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              which by his leave,
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              is moſt falſe, when ever thoſe waters reduced into
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Tiber,
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              retain
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              not the ſame velocity which they had in the place in which
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              Fon­
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              tana
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              and his Nephew meaſured them: And all this is manifeſt
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              from the things which we have above explained; for, if the Wa­
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              ters reduced into
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Tiber
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              increaſe in velocity, they decreaſe in mea­
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              ſure; and if they decreaſe in velocity, they increaſe in mea­
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              ſure.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Secondly, I conſider that the meaſures of thoſe Brooks and
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              Rivers, which enter into
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Tiber
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              at the time of Innundation, are
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              not between themſelves really the ſame, when their velocities are
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              not equal, though they have the ſame names of Ells and Feet;
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              for that its poſſible that a diſinboguement of ten Ells requadrated
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              (to ſpeak in the phraſe of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Fontana
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              ) of one of thoſe Brooks,
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              might diſcharge into
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              Tiber
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              at the time of Innundation, four, ten,
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              and twenty times leſs Water, than another mouth equal to the
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              firſt in greatneſs, as would occur when the firſt mouth were four,
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              ten, or twenty times leſs ſwift than the ſecond. </s>
              <s>Whereupon,
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              whilſt
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              Fontana
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              ſummes up the Ells and Feet of the meaſures of
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              thoſe Brooks and Rivers into a total aggregate, he commits the
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              ſame error with him, which would add into one ſumme diverſe
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              moneys of diverſe values, and diverſe places, but that had the
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              ſame name; as if one ſhould ſay ten Crowns of
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              Roman
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              money,
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              four Crowns of Gold, thirteen Crowns of
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              Florence,
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              five Growns
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              of
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              Venice,
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              and eight Crowns of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Mantua,
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              ſhould make the ſame
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              ſumme with forty Crowns of Gold, or forty Crowns of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Mantua.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Thirdly, It might happen that ſome River or Current in the
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              parts nearer
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              Rome,
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              in the time of its flowing, did not ſend forth
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              more Water than ordinary; and however, its a thing very clear,
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              that whilſt the ſtream came from the ſuperior parts, that ſame
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              Brook or River would be augmented in meaſure, as hath been
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              noted in the fourth
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              Corollary
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              ; in ſuch ſort, that
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Fontana
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              might
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              have inculcated, and noted that ſame River or Current as con­
                <lb/>
              curring to the Innundation, although it were therein altogether
                <lb/>
              unconcerned.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Moreover, in the fourth place we muſt note, That it might
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              ſo fall out, that ſuch a River not onely was unintereſſed in the
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              Innundation, though augmented in meaſure, but it might I ſay
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              happen, that it was inſtrumental to the aſſwaging the Innunda­
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              tion, by augmenting in the meaſure of its own Channel; which
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              matter is ſufficiently evident; for if it be ſuppoſed that the Ri­
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              ver in the time of flood, had not had of it ſelf, and from its pro­
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              per ſprings more Water than ordinary, its a thing certain, that
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              the Water of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Tiber
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              riſing and increaſing; alſo that River, to le­
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              vel it ſelf with the Water of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Tiber,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              would have retained ſome of </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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