Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="068/01/116.jpg" pagenum="102"/>
              as hath been ſaid of that of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Marrara,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              inſomuch that from the
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              Point of S.
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              Giorgio,
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              as far as S.
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Alberto
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              all thoſe that are between
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              the Valleys and P
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              o
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              are ſpoiled, of thoſe that are between Valley
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              and Valley many are in a very bad condition, and thoſe that are
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              ſome conſiderable ſpace above not a little damnified.</s>
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              <s>In fine, by raiſing the bottom or ſand of the Valleys, and the
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              bed of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno,
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              and the too great repletion of the P
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              o
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              of
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              Primaro
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              with waters, the Valleys of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Comacchio
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              (on which ſide the Banks
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              are very bad) and ^{*}
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Poleſine di
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              S.
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Giorgio
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              are threatned with a
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg978"/>
                <lb/>
              danger, that may in time, if it be not remedied, become irrepa­
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              rable, and at preſent feeleth the incommodity of the Waters,
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              which penetrating thorow the pores of the Earth do ſpring up in
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              the ſame, which they call
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Purlings,
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              which is all likely to redound
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              to the prejudice of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferrara,
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              ſo noble a City of
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              Italy,
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              and ſo im­
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              portant to the
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              Eccleſtaſtick State.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg978"/>
              +
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Poleſine
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              is a
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              plat of Ground al­
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              moſt ſurrounded
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              with Bogs or wa­
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              ters, like an Iſland</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>Which particulars all appear to be atteſted under the hand of
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              a Notary in the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Viſitation
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              which I made upon the command of
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              His Holineſſe, and are withall known to be true by the ^{*}
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              Ferrareſt
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg979"/>
                <lb/>
              themſelves, of whom (beſides the requeſt of the
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              Bologneſi
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              ) the
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              greater part beg compaſſion with ſundry
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              Memorials,
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              and reme­
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              dies, aſwell for the miſchiefs paſt, as alſo for thoſe in time to
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              come, from which I hold it a duty of Conſcience, and of Cha­
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              rity to deliver them.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg979"/>
              * People of
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              Fer­
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              rara.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Pope
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Clement
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              judged, that the ſufficient means to effect this
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              was the ſaid Introduction of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Main Po
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              into the Chancl of
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferrara
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              ; a reſolution truly Heroical, and of no leſſe beauty
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              than benefit to that City, of which I ſpeak not at preſent, be­
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              cauſe I think that there is need of a readier and more acco­
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              modate remedy.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>So that I ſee not how any other thing can be ſo much conſide­
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              rable as the removal of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Reno,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              omitting for this time to ſpeak of
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg980"/>
                <lb/>
              ^{*} incloſing it from Valley to Valley untill it come to the Sea, as
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              the Dukes of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferrara
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              did deſign, foraſmuch as all thoſe
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ferra­
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              reſi
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              that have intereſt in the
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              Poleſine di
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              S.
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Giorgio,
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              and on the
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              right hand of the P
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              o
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Argenta
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              do not deſire it, and do, but too
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              openly, proteſt againſt it; and becauſe that before the Chanel
                <lb/>
              were made as far as the Sea, many hundreds of years would be
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              ſpent, and yet would not remedy the dammages of thoſe who
                <lb/>
              now are agrieved, but would much increaſe them, in regard the
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              Valleys would continue ſubmerged, the Drains ſtopped, and the
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              other Brooks obſtructed, which would of neceſſity drown not a
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              few Lands that lie between Valley and Valley; and in fine, in
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              regard it hath not from
                <emph type="italics"/>
              San Martina
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              to the Sea for a ſpace of ſif­
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              ty miles a greater fall then 19, 8, 6, feet, it would want that force
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              which they themſelves who propound this project do require it to </s>
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