Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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1or of Ebony, ſwims by vertue of its dilated & broad Figure: for the
truth is, that it bares up without ſubmerging, becauſe that that which
is put in the water, is not pure Braſs or ſimple Ebony, but an
gregate of Braſs and Air, or of Ebony and Air.
And, this is not
contrary unto my Concluſion, the which, (having many a time ſeen
Veſſels of Mettall, and thin pieces of diverſe grave Matters float, by
vertue of the Air conjoyned with them) did affirm, That Figure
was not the Cauſe of the Natation or Submerſion of ſuch Solids as
were placed in the water.
Nay more, I cannot omit, but muſt
my Antagoniſts, that this new conceit of denying that the
cies of the Board ſhould be bathed, may beget in a third perſon an
opinion of a poverty of Arguments of defence on their part, ſince
that ſuch bathing was never inſiſted upon by them in the beginning
of our Diſpute, and was not queſtioned in the leaſt, being that the
Originall of the diſcourſe aroſe upon the ſwiming of Flakes of Ice,
wherein it would be ſimplicity to require that their Superficies might
bedry: beſides, that whether theſe pieces of Ice be wet or dry they
alwayes ſwim, and as the Adverſaries ſay, by reaſon of the Figure.
Water hath
no Gravity in
Water.
Water
miniſheth the
Gravity of
lids immerged
therein.
The
ment of a Braſs
Ketle ſwiming
when empty, &
ſinking when
full, alledged to
prove that water
gravitates in
water, anſwered.
An Ocean
ficeth not to
ſink a Veſſel
cifically leſs
grave than
ter.
Air, the Cauſe
of the Natation
of empty Veſſels
of Matters
ver in ſpecie than
the water.
Neither Figure,
nor the breadth
of Figure, is the
Cauſe of
tion.
Some peradventure, by way of defence, may ſay, that wetting the
Board of Ebony, and that in the ſuperiour Superficies, it would,
though of it ſelf unable to pierce and penetrate the water, be born
downwards, if not by the weight of the additionall water, at
by that deſire and propenſion that the ſuperiour parts of the water
have to re-unite and rejoyn themſelves: by the Motion of which
parts, the ſaid Board cometh in a certain manner, to be depreſſed

The Bathed
Solid deſcends
not out of any
affectation of
nion in the upper
parts of the
ter.
This weak Refuge will be removed, if we do but conſider, that
the repugnancy of the inferiour parts of the water, is as great against
Diſ-union, as the Inclination of its ſuperiour parts is to union: nor can
the uper unite themſelves without depreſſing the board, nor can it
deſcend without diſuniting the parts of the nether Water: ſo that
it doth follow, by neceſſary conſequence, that for thoſe reſpects, it ſhall
not deſcend.
Moreover, the ſame that may be ſaid of the upper
parts of the water, may with equall reaſon be ſaid of the nethe,
namely, that deſiring to unite, they ſhall force the ſaid Board
upwards.
Happily, ſome of theſe Gentlemen that diſſent from me, will
der, that I affirm, that the contiguous ſuperiour Air is able to
that Plate of Braſs or of Silver, that ſtayeth above water; as if I

would in a certain ſence allow the Air, a kind of Magnetick vertue
of ſuſtaining the grave Bodies, with which it is contiguous. To
tisſie all I may, to all doubts, I have been conſidering how by ſome
other ſenſible Experiment I might demonſtrate, how truly that little
contiguous and ſuperiour Air ſuſtaines thoſe Solids, which being by

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