Vitruvius Pollio, I dieci libri dell?architettura, 1567

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                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001568">
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                  cuocere. </s>
                  <s id="s.001569">Cotti molto per lo gran fuoco diuent ano durißimi. </s>
                  <s id="s.001570">De i mattoni alcuni ſi cuoceuano,
                    <lb/>
                  altri ſi laſciauano crudi, & de i crudi altri uetriati erano, altri nò. </s>
                  <s id="s.001571">La Forma era tale. </s>
                  <s id="s.001572">faceuanſt an
                    <lb/>
                  ticamente lunghi un piede & mezo, larghi uno. </s>
                  <s id="s.001573">Ve ne erano anche di quattro, & di cinque pal
                    <lb/>
                  mi per ogni uerſo per gli edifici maggiori, benche ſe ne uedino nelle fabriche antiche di Roma, di
                    <lb/>
                  lunghi ſei dita, großi uno, larghi tre per ſelicare a ſpina. </s>
                  <s id="s.001574">ne gli archi, & ne i legamenti ſi uede­
                    <lb/>
                  no quadrelli di due piedi per ogni uerſo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001575">Lodanſi anche, dice Leon Battiſta di forma triangolare
                    <lb/>
                  d'un piede per ogni uerſo, großi un dito & mezo, & ſi fanno quattro di eſſi uniti, laſciandoui un po
                    <lb/>
                  co di taglio lungo i loro diametri, accioche dapoi che
                    <expan abbr="ſarãno">ſaranno</expan>
                  cotti piu facilmente ſi rompino. </s>
                  <s id="s.001576">queſta
                    <lb/>
                  forma è commoda al maneggiare, di manco ſpeſa, & di piu bel uedere: perche poſta nelle fronti del
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                  muro riuolto lo angulo in dentro dimoſtra larghezza di due piedi, l'opera ſi ſa piu ſoda, et piu uaga,
                    <lb/>
                  perche pare, che ogni mattone nel muro ſia intiero. </s>
                  <s id="s.001577">& le cantonate dentate fanno una fermezza
                    <lb/>
                  mirabile come dimoſtrano le figure I. & II. ſimilmente i mattoni ſottili politi, et fregati ſono di dura
                    <lb/>
                  ta, & ſi deono fregare ſubito tratti dalla fornace. </s>
                  <s id="s.001578">Deono eſſer di peſo leggieri, & deono reſiſtere alle
                    <lb/>
                  acque, & non riempirſi d'humore, ma bene far buona preſa; leggieri per non caricare la fabrica;
                    <lb/>
                  reſiſtere alle acque, accioche per l'humore non ſi ſtacchino; far buona preſa per fortificare il ma
                    <lb/>
                  ro. </s>
                  <s id="s.001579">Nella creta, di che ſi faceuano i mattoni ſi poneuano le paglie tagliate, coſi dice Palladio
                    <lb/>
                  nel ſefto al duodecimo Capo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001580">Et ſe ne legge la, doue il populo d'Iſrael era afflitto da Faraone nel­
                    <lb/>
                  l'opera di far i mattoni.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  {
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Diterra bianchegna
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  }
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Vitr. dice Albida. Plinio albicante.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001581">Deonſi fare la primauera, ouero l'autunno, accioche ſi ſecchino egualmente con uno
                    <lb/>
                  iſteſſo tenore. </s>
                  <s id="s.001582">perche quelli, che ſi fanno al tempo del ſoleſtitio ſono difettoſi, perche eſ
                    <lb/>
                  ſendo cotta dal ſole la lor coperta ſoperficiale, gli ſa parere aridi, & ſecchi, ma di dentro
                    <lb/>
                  non ſono aſciutti, & poi le parti aride crepano quando ſeccandoſi ſi riſtrigneno; & coſi
                    <lb/>
                  feſsi, ſi fanno dcbili; & però ſommamente buoni ſaranno quelli, che due anni prima ſi for
                    <lb/>
                  meranno, percioche non piu preſto ſi poſſono ſeccare quanto biſogna. </s>
                  <s id="s.001583">Et però quando freſ
                    <lb/>
                  chi, & non ſecchi ſono poſti in lauoro indottaui la croſta, & ſtando quella rigidamente ſo
                    <lb/>
                  da, dando in ſe non poſſono ritenere la iſteſſa altezza, che tiene la croſta, ma ſi ſtaccano: &
                    <lb/>
                  però non potendo la intonicatura della fabrica ſeparata ſtare da ſe, ſi rompe per la ſua ſot
                    <lb/>
                  tigliezza, & dando i pareti in ſe per ſorte, riceueno mancamento. </s>
                  <s id="s.001584">per queſta ragione gli
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                  Vticenſi nel far i pareti uſano, & metteno il mattone quando è bene aſciutto, & ſecco, &
                    <lb/>
                  fatto cinque anni prima, & che poſcia queſto ſia dal magiſtrato preſidente approuato. </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001585">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Dal preſente luogo ſi douerebbe moderare la ingoraigia di quelli, che non prima penſato han­
                    <lb/>
                  no di fabricare, che in un ſubito uogliono hauere finita l'opera, ſenza conſideratione, o ſcielta del
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                  la materia. </s>
                  <s id="s.001586">Ma giuſtamente ſono poi caſtigati, quando per la loro tracuraggine, gli auuiene qual­
                    <lb/>
                  che ſiniſtro.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001587">Tre maniere di Mattoni ſi fanno, una, che da Greci didoron è detta, quella, che da
                    <lb/>
                  noſtri ſi uſa lunga un piede, larga mezo. </s>
                  <s id="s.001588">L'altre ſono da Greci adoperate ne gli ediſicij lo­
                    <lb/>
                  ro, delle quali una è detta pendadoron, l'altra tetradoron. </s>
                  <s id="s.001589">Doron chiamano il palmo:
                    <lb/>
                  & in Greco Doron ſi chiama il dare di doni, & quello, che ſi dà, ſi porta nella palma del­
                    <lb/>
                  la mano: quello adunque, che per ogni uerſo è di palmi cinque, pentadoron, & quello di
                    <lb/>
                  quattro, tetradoron ſi dimanda; & le opere publiche ſi fanno di quelli, che ſono di cin­
                    <lb/>
                  que palmi, & le priuate di quelli, che ſono di quattro. </s>
                </p>
                <p type="main">
                  <s id="s.001590">
                    <emph type="italics"/>
                  Palladio dice, che i mattoni ſi deono gettare di Maggio, in una forma lunga due piedi, larga
                    <lb/>
                  uno, alta oncie quattro. </s>
                  <s id="s.001591">Plinio, che piglia tutto il preſente luogo da Vitr. dice, che'l mattone
                    <lb/>
                  detto diodoro era longo un piede, & mezo, largo un piede, & coſi il Filandro dice, che ritroua
                    <lb/>
                  ſcritto in un teſto di Vitr. ma gli piace piu, che Vitr. habbia hauulo riſpetto alla larghezza, &
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                  che egli habbia inteſo del palmo minore, doue due palmi fanno mezo piede. </s>
                  <s id="s.001592">De i maggiori edifi­
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                  cij, maggiori deono eſſer i membri, & de i membri maggiori le parti maggiori: & però i Greci fa­
                    <lb/>
                  ceuano differenza nel porre in opera i mattoni.
                    <emph.end type="italics"/>
                  </s>
                </p>
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