Vitruvius, De architectura libri decem, 1567

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            <pb o="287" file="514.01.319" n="319" rhead="NONVS."/>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21778" xml:space="preserve">
                <emph style="sc">Mercvrii</emph>
              autem, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21779" xml:space="preserve">Veneris ſtellæ circum Solis radios, Solem ipſum uti centrum itineribus co
                <lb/>
              ronantes regreſſus retrorſum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21780" xml:space="preserve">retardationes faciunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21781" xml:space="preserve">Etiam ſtationibus, propter eam circinationẽ
                <lb/>
              morantur inſpatijs ſignorum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21782" xml:space="preserve">Id autem ita eſſe maxime cognoſcitur ex Veneris ſtella, quod ea, cum
                <lb/>
              Solem ſequatur poſt occaſum eius apparens in cœlo, clariſsimeq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21783" xml:space="preserve">lucens Veſperugo uocitatur, alijs
                <lb/>
              autem temporibus eum antecurrens, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21784" xml:space="preserve">oriens ante lucem, lucifer appellatur, ex eoq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21785" xml:space="preserve">nonnunquam
                <lb/>
              plures dies in uno ſigno commorantur, alias celerius ingrediuntur in alterum ſignum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21786" xml:space="preserve">Itaque quod
                <lb/>
              non æque peragunt numerum dierum in ſingulis ſignis, quantum ſunt moratæ prius, tranſiliendo ce-
                <lb/>
              lerioribus itineribus perficiunt iuſtum curſum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21787" xml:space="preserve">Ita efficitur uti quod demorentur in nonnullis ſignis,
                <lb/>
              nihilo minus cum eripiunt ſe a neceſsitate morȩ, celeriter conſequantur iuſtam circuitionem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21788" xml:space="preserve">Iter au-
                <lb/>
              tem in mundo ſtella Mercurij ita peruolitat, uti trecenteſimo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21789" xml:space="preserve">ſexageſimo die per ſignorum ſpatia
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.319-01" xlink:href="note-514.01.319-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
              currens, perueniat ad id ſignum, ex quo priore circulatione cœpit facere curſum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21790" xml:space="preserve">ita peræ quatur
                <lb/>
              eius dies ut circiter tricenos dies in ſingulis ſignis habeat numeri rationem. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21791" xml:space="preserve">Veneris autem cum eſt
                <lb/>
              liberata ab impeditione radiorum Solis triginta diebus percurrit ſigni ſpatium, quo minus quadrage-
                <lb/>
              nos dies in ſingulis ſignis patitur, cũ ſtationem fecerit, reſtituit eam ſummam numeri in uno ſigno mo
                <lb/>
              rata. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21792" xml:space="preserve">Ergo totam circuitionem in cœlo quadringenteſimo, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21793" xml:space="preserve">octogeſimo & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21794" xml:space="preserve">quinto die permenſa,
                <lb/>
              iterum in id ſignum redit, ex quo ſigno prius iter facere cœpit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21795" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p style="it">
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21796" xml:space="preserve">Hac parte non conuenit Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21797" xml:space="preserve">cum alijs, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21798" xml:space="preserve">forte in textu mendum eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21799" xml:space="preserve">Plinius quoque qui integras ſchæ-
                <lb/>
              das a Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21800" xml:space="preserve">mutuare ſolet, ab eo ſuper his diſſentit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21801" xml:space="preserve">Ponit igitur Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21802" xml:space="preserve">Planetas cogi neceßitate commorari,
                <lb/>
              eosq́; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21803" xml:space="preserve">a neceßitate liberat, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21804" xml:space="preserve">quaſi ſolutos uult eos iter celeritate curſus æquare in alio ſigno, quod morando
                <lb/>
              in alio fecerunt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21805" xml:space="preserve">Nec ostendit unde hæc neceßtas proficiſcatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21806" xml:space="preserve">unde eorum libertas (ut ita dicam) pro-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.319-02" xlink:href="note-514.01.319-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
              ueniat. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21807" xml:space="preserve">Quare mihi uidetur utile lumen his addere, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21808" xml:space="preserve">eos ſequi, qui poſt Vitr. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21809" xml:space="preserve">firmioribus fundamentis cæle-
                <lb/>
              ſtium rerum ſtructuram ſtabiliere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21810" xml:space="preserve">Explicandæ prius igitur ſunt mihi nominum quorundam rationes, ut fa-
                <lb/>
              cilius uniuerſum opus abſoluatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21811" xml:space="preserve">Nomina ſunt hæc. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21812" xml:space="preserve">Epicyclus, Deferens, Eccentricum, Concentricum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21813" xml:space="preserve">Iu-
                <lb/>
              gum, Antiiugum, longitudo media eccentrici, longitudo media epicycli, Statio, Progreſſus, Regreſſus, Argu-
                <lb/>
              mentum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21814" xml:space="preserve">Aequatio. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21815" xml:space="preserve">Epicyclus igitur, qui a Ptolomæo diuerſitatis circulus nominatur, paruus eſt circu-
                <lb/>
              lus excogitatus, tanquam additus maiori circulo unde nomen habuit, cuius circa circinationem nolunt Aſtro-
                <lb/>
              nomi conuolui ſyderis corpus. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21816" xml:space="preserve">Epicycli centrum in circinatione ponunt, quæ ſydus aut epicyclum defert orien-
                <lb/>
              tem uerſus, quæ circinatio Deferens ab officio deferendi nominatur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21817" xml:space="preserve">cuius centrum non est eodem loco, in quo
                <lb/>
              est centrum orbis, ideo Eccentricum, quaſi extra centrum vniuerſi dicitur, quemadmodum concentricus orbis
                <lb/>
              dicitur, cuius idem locus eſt, quod est uniuerſi centrum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21818" xml:space="preserve">Quare ſi in plano epicyclum, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21819" xml:space="preserve">deferens uelis de-
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.319-03" xlink:href="note-514.01.319-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
              ſcribere, ita facito ſit centrum C. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21820" xml:space="preserve">a quo linea ducatur, cuius extremum alterum ſit a quod ſit centrum epicycli,
                <lb/>
              mmente C. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21821" xml:space="preserve">firmo, deſcribantur circinationis linea, extremitate aio ita in plano ſuperficiem eſſe deſcriptam,
                <lb/>
              quæ deferentis circinatio nuncupatur, ita Sol ecclipticen format, quæ tanquam Solis deferens dici potest, a-
                <lb/>
              qua deferentia aliorum ſyderũ diſtant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21822" xml:space="preserve">a lateribus declinant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21823" xml:space="preserve">producta eadem linea ad cauum primi cæ-
                <lb/>
              li eiuſdem nominis circinationem deſcri-
                <lb/>
                <figure xlink:label="fig-514.01.319-01" xlink:href="fig-514.01.319-01a" number="128">
                  <description xml:id="echoid-description74" xml:space="preserve">a b deferens.
                    <lb/>
                  c. deferentis centrum.
                    <lb/>
                  d e. epicyclus.
                    <lb/>
                  a. centrum epicycli.
                    <lb/>
                  f. mundi centrum.
                    <lb/>
                  a. iugum deferentis.
                    <lb/>
                  b. antiiugum.
                    <lb/>
                  d. iugum epicycli.</description>
                  <variables xml:id="echoid-variables86" xml:space="preserve">d a e c s b</variables>
                </figure>
              bit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21824" xml:space="preserve">Cæterum centrum epicycli ſemper eſt
                <lb/>
              in circinatione deferentis. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21825" xml:space="preserve">circino igitur
                <lb/>
              collocato in a. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21826" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21827" xml:space="preserve">diducto adſyderis cen-
                <lb/>
              trum d. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21828" xml:space="preserve">ducatur circinatio, hæc epicy-
                <lb/>
              clum formabit. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21829" xml:space="preserve">Hæc cum ita ſint, non eſt,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.319-04" xlink:href="note-514.01.319-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
              qui non uideat deferentis & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21830" xml:space="preserve">epicycli cir-
                <lb/>
              cinationes distare ab orbis centro f. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21831" xml:space="preserve">inæ-
                <lb/>
              quali ratione. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21832" xml:space="preserve">Præter hæc epicycli parti-
                <lb/>
              bus diuerſa nomina impoſuerunt astrorum
                <lb/>
              periti, reſpicientes interualla, quibus illæ
                <lb/>
              partes a centro mundi uidentur abeſſe.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21833" xml:space="preserve">Cum uellent ea ratione ſeruare multa, quænobis apparent. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21834" xml:space="preserve">Hinc factum eſt, ut ſignum, quod in circinatione
                <lb/>
              deferentis, aut epicycli remotius eſt ab orbis centro, ingum uocauerint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21835" xml:space="preserve">Barbari augem uocant, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21836" xml:space="preserve">ſignum,
                <lb/>
              quod per diametrum opponitur Iugo, intiiugum quaſi oppoſitum iugo dixerint. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21837" xml:space="preserve">quoniam uerò Soli epicyclum
                <lb/>
              non dedere, ideo ſignum illud oppoſitum iugo deferentis, Antiiugum nocabitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21838" xml:space="preserve">iugum, Summitas, Auges,
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.319-05" xlink:href="note-514.01.319-05a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
              Abſides idem ſignificant. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21839" xml:space="preserve">Longitudo uerò media eccentrici est dimidium diametri. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21840" xml:space="preserve">Longitudo autem media
                <lb/>
              epicycli eſt ſpatium interceptum inter utrunque centrum. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21841" xml:space="preserve">Vocantur autem longitudines mediæ ea ratione, quo-
                <lb/>
              niam iugum, ideſt ſignum ab orbis centro remotiſſimum, longitudo long ior appellatur, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21842" xml:space="preserve">antiiugum, id est
                <lb/>
              ſignum iugo oppoſitum, longitudo breuior nominatur deferentis, uel epicycli. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21843" xml:space="preserve">Hæc duo ſigna ſunt extrema
                <lb/>
              unius lineæ. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21844" xml:space="preserve">quæ per utraque centra, deferentis ſcilicet, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21845" xml:space="preserve">orbis ducitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21846" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21847" xml:space="preserve">iugilinea uocatur, quoniam eſt
                <lb/>
              tanquam index extremi iugi. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21848" xml:space="preserve">Quare quemadmodum in eccentrico longitudo maior tanto est plus ſemidiame-
                <lb/>
              tro eccentrici, quantum eſt ſpatium interceptum inter utrunque centrum: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21849" xml:space="preserve">ita minor longitudo eſt tanto minor
                <lb/>
              ſemidiametro, quanto plus illa excedit, ſed ſemidiameter longitudo media eſt. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21850" xml:space="preserve">Non minus in epicyclo longitu-
                <lb/>
              do maior eo erit plus ſpatio inter utrunque centrum, quantum est epicycli ſemidiameter. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21851" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21852" xml:space="preserve">tantum ab eodem
                <lb/>
              ſpatio longitudo minor ſuperabitur. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21853" xml:space="preserve">Vnde ſpatium inter utrunque centrum erit media longit udo. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s21854" xml:space="preserve">nam rationi
                <lb/>
                <note position="left" xlink:label="note-514.01.319-06" xlink:href="note-514.01.319-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
              </s>
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