Alberti, Leon Battista, L' architettura

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div112" type="section" level="1" n="54">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5013" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="109" file="113" n="113" rhead="LIBRO QVARTO."/>
            quindi ripieni, non ne preſtino la uia alli Inimici.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5014" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div114" type="section" level="1" n="55">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head63" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Mura, Merlature, Torri, Cornici, & Porte, & lor Legnami. Cap. IIII.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5015" xml:space="preserve">M A torniamo alle Mura. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5016" xml:space="preserve">Gli antichi ne auertiſcono che le Mura, ſi fac-
              <lb/>
            cino in tal modo, Interpoſto uno ſpatio di uenti piedi, faccinuiſi duoi
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-01" xlink:href="note-113-01a" xml:space="preserve">5</note>
            muri da lo lato di dentro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5017" xml:space="preserve">infra loro ui ſi getti la terra, che ſi caua de
              <lb/>
            foſsi, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5018" xml:space="preserve">pilliſi con ſtanghe. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5019" xml:space="preserve">Et di maniera ſi tirino queſte mura, che dal piano
              <lb/>
            de la Città, come quaſi per gradi ſi poſſa montare, con un dolce pendio ſino
              <lb/>
            a le merlature. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5020" xml:space="preserve">Altri dicono, che la Terra, che ſi caua de foſsi, ſi debbe met-
              <lb/>
            tere fuori de la muraglia, oltre a foſsi, accioche ſerua per argine, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5021" xml:space="preserve">che dal piano
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-02" xlink:href="note-113-02a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            de foſsi s'inalzi un muro tanto groſſo, che gagliardiſsimamente poſſa reggere il
              <lb/>
            peſo de la detta Terra, che ui ſi aggraua. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5022" xml:space="preserve">Lontano da queſto ancora ſi debbe
              <lb/>
            tirar ne la cittade un'altro muro, piu alto, che il paſſato; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5023" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5024" xml:space="preserve">per nõ poco ſpatio ſia
              <lb/>
            dal primo lontano; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5025" xml:space="preserve">ma tanto diſcoſto, che l'armate ſquadre ui poſsino in ordi-
              <lb/>
            nanza hauere ſpatij eſpediti da combattere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5026" xml:space="preserve">Oltra queſto ſi tiri ſimilmente a
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-03" xlink:href="note-113-03a" xml:space="preserve">15</note>
            trauerſo da le mura principali a quelle di dentro, altre mura, mediante il colle-
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            gamento, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5027" xml:space="preserve">aiuto de lequali, le mura principali, cõgiunte inſieme ſi leghino cõ
              <lb/>
            quelle che le hanno dietro; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5028" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5029" xml:space="preserve">piu attamente ſopportino il grauiſsimo pondo de
              <lb/>
            la interpoſtaui terra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5030" xml:space="preserve">Ma noi ueramente oltre a queſte, lodiano quelle mura
              <lb/>
            collocate di maniera, che ſe pur a la ſine, p forza di batteria fuſsino gittate a ter-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-04" xlink:href="note-113-04a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            ra, habbino a piedi loro un piano, doue le ſtieno quaſi come un'argine, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5031" xml:space="preserve">che cõ
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            la loro rouina non riẽpino ifoſsi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5032" xml:space="preserve">Ne l'altre coſe mi piace aſſai Vitruuio, che
              <lb/>
            dice, che le mura ſi debbino fare in queſto modo, cioè che per il trauerſo de la
              <lb/>
            lor groſſezza ſi mettino tauole di Vliuo abbrõzate molto ſpeſſe, accioche l'una
              <lb/>
            facciata, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5033" xml:space="preserve">l'altra de le mura, quaſi collegate cõ ſpranghe d' Aſſe durino eterne.
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            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5034" xml:space="preserve">
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-05" xlink:href="note-113-05a" xml:space="preserve">25</note>
            Vno coſi ſatto muro, racconta Tucidide eſſer ſtato fatto da i Plateenſi in loro de
              <lb/>
            fenſione contro a quelli de la Morea; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5035" xml:space="preserve">da quali, come da nimici erano aſſediati:
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5036" xml:space="preserve">Concioſia che e' meſcolaſsino legnami con mattoni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5037" xml:space="preserve">gli fermaſsino gagliar diſ
              <lb/>
            ſimamente. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5038" xml:space="preserve">Et Ceſare afferma che ne la Francia, la maggior parte de le mura
              <lb/>
            ſono fatte in queſta maniera. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5039" xml:space="preserve">Rizzano Traui per il lungo de la muraglia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5040" xml:space="preserve">le
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-06" xlink:href="note-113-06a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            incatenano inſieme, lontane parimente l'una de l'altra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5041" xml:space="preserve">con grandiſsimi ſaſsi
              <lb/>
            le riempiono, di maniera che l'una Traue non tocchi l'altra: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5042" xml:space="preserve">Et con ammaſſar or
              <lb/>
            dini coſi fatti, forniſcono una ragioneuole altezza di Mura. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5043" xml:space="preserve">Queſto coſi
              <lb/>
            fatto lauoro, non è brutto a uedere; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5044" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5045" xml:space="preserve">per difenſione è molto ſorte; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5046" xml:space="preserve">percio-
              <lb/>
            che le pietre, lo difendono da le arſioni, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5047" xml:space="preserve">il legname da li Arieti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5048" xml:space="preserve">Queſte sì
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-07" xlink:href="note-113-07a" xml:space="preserve">35</note>
            fatte meſcolanze, nonſono molto approuate da alcuni; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5049" xml:space="preserve">Perciche e’ dicono
              <lb/>
            che la calcina, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5050" xml:space="preserve">il legname, non conuengono inſieme lungo tempo; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5051" xml:space="preserve">concio-
              <lb/>
            ſia che il legname è conſumato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5052" xml:space="preserve">abbruciato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5053" xml:space="preserve">da la ſalſedine; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5054" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5055" xml:space="preserve">da lo ardo-
              <lb/>
            re de la calcina. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5056" xml:space="preserve">Oltre a che ſe per ſorte la muraglia rouinerà per batteria;
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5057" xml:space="preserve">dicono che e' ti auuerrà, eſſendo tutta la muraglia, come d'un pezzo, che ſcoſ-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-113-08" xlink:href="note-113-08a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ſa, la ſi commouerà, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5058" xml:space="preserve">ſarà inclinata a rouinar tutta ad un tratto. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5059" xml:space="preserve">Ma noi
              <lb/>
            penſiamo chele Mura, contro le igniurie de colpi ſi fermino molto bene in
              <lb/>
            queſto modo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5060" xml:space="preserve">Faccinſi Barbacani fuori del diritto de le mura, a guiſa di
              <lb/>
            Triangolo, con uno angolo uolto a nimici, diſcoſto l'uno da l'altro ſette </s>
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