Bélidor, Bernard Forest de, La science des ingenieurs dans la conduite des travaux de fortification et d' architecture civile

Table of Notes

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                <pb o="53" file="0233" n="240" rhead="LIVRE III. DE LA CONSTRUCTION DES TRAVAUX."/>
              ſortes de Chaux, il faudroit employer la meilleure pour la compo-
                <lb/>
              ſition de ce dernier, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4920" xml:space="preserve">la moindre pour celle de l’autre, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4921" xml:space="preserve">les
                <lb/>
              employer comme il ſuit.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4922" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4923" xml:space="preserve">Quand on travaillera ſur le roc, on commencera à jetter au fond
                <lb/>
              du coffre un lit de mortier fin, parce qu’il s’y attachera mieux que
                <lb/>
              l’autre; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4924" xml:space="preserve">enſuite des manœuvres qui doivent remplir le coffre, on en
                <lb/>
              choiſira un nombre pour porter du mortier fin, lui recommandant
                <lb/>
              de le jetter contre le bord interieur du coffre, j’entends contre le
                <lb/>
              bord qui ſoûtient le parement, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4925" xml:space="preserve">le reſte ſera rempli de mortier
                <lb/>
              de pierrée: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4926" xml:space="preserve">ſi cela eſt bien conduit, le mortier fin ſe liant avec l’au-
                <lb/>
              tre formera contre la cloiſon un parement uni, qui, venant à ſe
                <lb/>
              durcir, fera le même effet que la pierre; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4927" xml:space="preserve">on pourra même, ſi l’on
                <lb/>
              veut, au bout de quelque tems, pour une plus grande imitation, y fi-
                <lb/>
              gurer des joints.</s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4928" xml:space="preserve"/>
            </p>
            <p>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4929" xml:space="preserve">Les Fondemens, qui ſe font encore à ſec ſur un terrain de bonne
                <lb/>
                <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0233-01" xlink:href="note-0233-01a" xml:space="preserve">Fonde-
                  <lb/>
                ment ſur
                  <lb/>
                un terrain
                  <lb/>
                ordinaire
                  <lb/>
                & de bon-
                  <lb/>
                ne conſi-
                  <lb/>
                ſtance.</note>
              conſiſtance, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4930" xml:space="preserve">qui ne preſente aucun obſtacle conſiderable à ſur-
                <lb/>
              monter, ſe conſtruiſent ſans beaucoup de miſtere. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4931" xml:space="preserve">On prépare le
                <lb/>
              terrain comme on l’a veu dans le Chapitre précédent, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4932" xml:space="preserve">après avoir
                <lb/>
              creuſé la tranchée de la largeur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4933" xml:space="preserve">de la profondeur déterminées par
                <lb/>
              les profils, on lui donne un talud allant du devant au derriere, pro-
                <lb/>
              portionné à l’épaiſſeur que doivent avoir les fondemens, afin que
                <lb/>
              le revêtement ſoûtienne mieux la pouſſée des terres. </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4934" xml:space="preserve">Par exemple
                <lb/>
              ſur 12 pieds d’épaiſſeur, on donnera 6 pouces de talud, ainſi des
                <lb/>
              autres dont le talud ſera toûjours à peu-près la 24 partie de l’épaiſ-
                <lb/>
              ſeur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4935" xml:space="preserve">on établit la premiere aſſiſe de gros libages plats poſés en bain
                <lb/>
              de bon mortier (quoique bien des gens aiment mieux les poſer à
                <lb/>
              ſec, leur entre-deux garni de mortier) ſur cette premiere aſſiſe on
                <lb/>
              en éleve une autre dont les allignemens ſont compoſés de boutiſſes
                <lb/>
              & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4936" xml:space="preserve">de pannereſſes en liaiſon alternative, les boutiſſes ayant au moins
                <lb/>
              18 pouces de queuës & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4937" xml:space="preserve">d’une groſſeur raiſonnable principalement
                <lb/>
              ſur le devant; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4938" xml:space="preserve">car pour le derriere on ſe contente d’y poſer les plus
                <lb/>
              gros quartiers de pierre, le milieu ſe remplit de moîlons à bain de
                <lb/>
              mortier; </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4939" xml:space="preserve">quand il eſt brut, les intervalles ſe garniſſent par le petit
                <lb/>
              moîlon enfoncé dans les joints le plus avant qu’on peut, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4940" xml:space="preserve">bien arraſé,
                <lb/>
              on continuë de même pour les autres aſſiſes, obſervant tant qu’il ſe
                <lb/>
              peut de conduire l’ouvrage de niveau ſur toute ſa longueur: </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4941" xml:space="preserve">on fait
                <lb/>
              obſerver aux Maçons des retraites du côté du Foſſé, de maniere que
                <lb/>
              le prolongement du talud de la muraille qu’on veut élever ne porte
                <lb/>
              point à faux, & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4942" xml:space="preserve">afin qu’ils puiſſent mieuxſe conformer au profil qui
                <lb/>
              en aura été fait, il eſt à propos de leur en donner un deſſein en grand,
                <lb/>
              exactement cotté, pour qu’ils ſachent la hauteur & </s>
              <s xml:id="echoid-s4943" xml:space="preserve">la largeur des re- </s>
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